LOCATION WOOD RIVER NEEstablished Series
TAXONOMIC CLASS: Fine, smectitic, mesic Typic Natrustolls
TYPICAL PEDON: Wood River silt loam - irrigated cropland with a slope of less than 1 percent. (Colors are for dry soil unless otherwise stated.)
Ap--0 to 6 inches; dark grayish brown (10YR 4/2) silt loam, very dark brown (10YR 2/2) moist; weak medium granular structure; slightly hard, friable; neutral; clear smooth boundary.
A--6 to 10 inches; dark grayish brown (10YR 4/2) silt loam, very dark brown (10YR 2/2) moist; weak medium and coarse subangular blocky structure parting to weak medium granular; slightly hard, friable; slightly alkaline; clear smooth boundary. (Combined thickness of the A horizon ranges from 7 to 12 inches)
E--10 to 13 inches; gray (10YR 5/1) silt loam, very dark gray (10YR 3/1) moist; weak thin platy structure; soft, very friable; exchangeable sodium percentage =9; moderately alkaline; abrupt smooth boundary (0 to 8 inches thick).
Bt1--13 to 21 inches; grayish brown (10YR 5/2) silty clay loam, brown (10YR 4/3) moist; moderate medium and coarse columnar structure; hard, firm; dark organic coatings on surface of peds; thin patchy clay films on faces of peds; exchangeable sodium percentage =17; moderately alkaline; gradual smooth boundary.
Bt2--21 to 28 inches; grayish brown (2.5Y 5/2) silty clay, dark grayish brown (2.5Y 4/2) moist; moderate medium angular blocky structure; hard, firm; thin patchy clay films on faces of peds; exchangeable sodium percentage =15; strongly alkaline; abrupt smooth boundary. (Combined thickness of the Bt horizon ranges from 9 to 24 inches.)
Btz--28 to 30 inches; light brownish gray (2.5Y 6/2) silty clay;, light olive brown (2.5Y 5/4) moist; weak medium subangular blocky structure, slightly hard, friable; thin patchy clay films on faces of peds; many visible white salt crystals and masses of soft lime; exchangeable sodium percentage =8; soluble salts 0.37 percent; strong effervescence; moderately alkaline; clear smooth boundary. (4 to 14 inches thick)
Bk--30 to 38 inches; light yellowish brown (10YR 6/4) silty clay loam, yellowish brown (10YR 5/4) moist; weak coarse subangular blocky structure; soft, friable; streaks and masses of segregated lime; exchangeable sodium percentage =15; strong effervescence; very strongly alkaline; clear smooth boundary. (0 to 20 inches thick)
C1--38 to 53 inches; very pale brown (10YR 7/4) silty clay loam, light yellowish brown (10YR 6/4) moist; massive; soft, friable; many soft masses of lime; exchangeable sodium percentage =9; strong effervescence; strongly alkaline; clear smooth boundary.
C2--53 to 80 inches; very pale brown (10YR 7/4) silt loam, light yellowish brown (10YR 6/4) moist; massive; soft, friable; few fine masses of segregated lime; exchangeable sodium percentage =6; few fine distinct yellowish brown (10YR 5/6) moist iron masses in the soil matrix;strong effervescence; strongly alkaline.
TYPE LOCATION: Hall County, Nebraska; about 6.5 miles west of Wood River, Nebraska; 2100 feet north and 200 feet east of the southwest corner of sec. 19, T. 10 N., R. 12 W. USGS Shelton quadrangle; latitude 40 degrees, 49 minutes, 17 seconds North and longitude 98 degrees, 43 minutes, 15 seconds West.
RANGE IN CHARACTERISTICS:
Soil Moisture: The soil moisture control section is moist in some part from October through April; intermittently moist from May through July; driest in July through September; ustic moisture regime
Depth to secondary carbonates: 18 to 35 inches; typically, the A and Bt horizons do not have free carbonates
Thickness of the mollic epipedon: 7 to 20 inches
Thickness of the solum: 25 to 48 inches
A horizon:
Hue: 10YR
Value: 3 or 4 dry, 2 or 3 moist
Chroma: 1 or 2
Texture: silt loam, but ranges to include silty clay loam and fine sandy loam
Reaction: moderately acid through slightly alkaline
E horizon: (if present)
Hue: 10YR
Value: 4 to 6 dry, 3 or 4 moist
Chroma: of 1
Texture: silt loam
Reaction: neutral through moderately alkaline
Bt horizon:
Hue: 10YR or 2.5Y
Value: 4 to 6 dry, 3 to 5 moist
Chroma: 2 to 4
Texture: silty clay loam or silty clay
Clay content: 35 to 45 Clay
Comment: Dark organic stains are typically on the surfaces of peds
Reaction: from slightly alkaline through strongly alkaline
C horizon: (Bk of present)
Hue: 10YR or 2.5Y
Value: 5 to 8 dry, 4 to 6 moist
Chroma: 2 to 4
Texture: silt loam or silty clay loam; Some pedons contain stratified loamy and sandy alluvium or gravelly sand below a depth of 40 inches
Reaction: slightly alkaline to very strongly alkaline
Comment: The C horizon contains streaks and soft masses of calcium carbonate and in some pedons concentrations of soluble salts. The lower C horizon in some pedons does not have streaks and accumulations of segregated lime
COMPETING SERIES: These are the Cavo, Degrey, Dudley, Dwight and Farmsworth series in the same family. Cavo soils formed in glacial till, contain more sand, and have carbonates higher in the profile. Degrey soils formed in silty material over glacial till on uplands and typically have carbonates higher in the profile. Dudley and Farmsworth soils have a mollic epipedon thicker than 20 inches. Dwight soils derived from clay shales influenced by loess.
GEOGRAPHIC SETTING: Wood River soils are on stream terraces. Slopes are typically less than 1 percent but range from 0 to 7 percent. These soils formed in silty and clayey alluvium. In places the alluvium originated in nearby loess uplands. In some areas the surface contains an increment of loess. The range of mean annual precipitation is 18 to 28 inches, and the range of mean annual temperature is 49 to 52 degrees F.
GEOGRAPHICALLY ASSOCIATED SOILS: These are the Cozad, Hall, Hord, Rusco, and Silver Creek soils. The Cozad, Hall, and Hord soils are higher on the landscape and do not have a natric horizon. Rusco soils are fine-silty and are in depressions on stream terraces. Silver Creek soils have a seasonal high water table at 1.5 to 3.0 feet and are on flood plains.
DRAINAGE AND PERMEABILITY: Moderately well drained. Slow permeability. Runoff is low or very low. These soils typically have a slowly pervious layer within the upper 1 meter that keeps the soil wet close enough to the surface for long enough periods that planting or harvesting operations are adversely affected on some areas during prolonged wet periods.
USE AND VEGETATION: Primarily irrigated and cropped to corn, grain sorghum, alfalfa, and soybeans.
DISTRIBUTION AND EXTENT: Mainly along the Platte River in central Nebraska. The extent is moderate.
MLRA SOIL SURVEY REGIONAL OFFICE (MO) RESPONSIBLE: Denver, Colorado
SERIES ESTABLISHED: Hall County, Nebraska, l959.
REMARKS: Diagnostic horizons and other features recognized in this pedon are: mollic epipedon-- the zone from the surface to a depth of 13 inches ( Ap, A and E horizons); natric horizon-- the zone from 13 to 30 inches (Bt1, Bt2, Btz horizons).
ADDITIONAL DATA: Pedons sampled for the National Soil Survey Laboratory include S51NE40-14, S50NE40-2, S51NE40-6, S50NE40-8, S51NE40-10, S50NE40-1 and S49NE40-9. Results are published in Soil Survey Investigations Report No. 5.