LOCATION WYATT OHEstablished Series
TAXONOMIC CLASS: Fine, illitic, mesic Aquic Hapludalfs
TYPICAL PEDON: Wyatt silt loam, on a 3 percent linear slope in a hayfield at an elevation of about 680 feet above mean sea level. (Colors are for moist soil unless otherwise stated.)
Ap1--0 to 4 inches (0 to 10 cm); brown (10YR 4/3) silt loam, very pale brown (10YR 7/3) dry; weak fine and medium granular structure; friable; common fine and very fine roots; moderately acid; clear smooth boundary.
Ap2--4 to 8 inches (10 to 20 cm); dark yellowish brown (10YR 4/4) silty clay loam, very pale brown (10YR 7/3) dry; weak fine subangular blocky structure parting to moderate fine granular; friable; common fine and very fine roots; moderately acid; abrupt smooth boundary. (Combined thickness of the Ap horizons is 0 to 10 inches)
Bt1--8 to 14 inches (20 to 36 cm); yellowish brown (10YR 5/6) silty clay; moderate medium subangular blocky structure; firm; common fine roots; common distinct yellowish brown (10YR 5/8) clay films on faces of peds; common medium distinct pale brown (10YR 6/3) iron depletions; common medium distinct brownish yellow (10YR 6/8) masses with accumulated iron oxide; extremely acid; clear smooth boundary.
Bt2--14 to 23 inches (36 to 58 cm); yellowish brown (10YR 5/6) silty clay; moderate medium and coarse subangular blocky structure; firm; common very fine roots; few slickensides on lower faces of peds; many prominent yellowish brown (10YR 5/8) clay films on faces of peds; many medium prominent gray (10YR 6/1) iron depletions; common medium prominent light brownish gray (10YR6/2) clay depletions on vertical faces of peds; many medium distinct brownish yellow (10YR 6/8) masses with accumulated iron oxide; extremely acid; clear smooth boundary.
Bt3--23 to 35 inches (58 to 89 cm); yellowish brown (10YR 5/6) clay; moderate and coarse subangular blocky structure; firm; common very fine roots; few slickensides on lower faces of peds; many prominent yellowish brown (10YR 5/8) clay films on faces of peds; many medium prominent light brownish gray (10YR 6/2) clay and iron depletions; many medium distinct brownish yellow (10YR 6/8) masses with accumulated iron oxide; extremely acid; clear smooth boundary.
Bt4--35 to 44 inches (89 to 112 cm); brownish yellow (10YR 6/6) silty clay; moderate medium subangular blocky structure; firm; common very fine roots; few slickensides on the lower faces of peds; many prominent yellowish brown (10YR 5/8) clay films on faces of peds; many coarse prominent light brownish gray (10YR 6/2) clay depletions; many coarse prominent gray (10YR 6/1) iron depletions on faces of peds; many coarse distinct brownish yellow (10YR 6/8) masses with accumulated iron oxide; extremely acid; abrupt wavy boundary. (Combined thickness of the Bt horizons is 15 to 40 inches.)
BC--44 to 55 inches (112 to 140 cm); brown (7.5YR 5/4) clay; weak coarse angular blocky structure; firm; few fine roots; few distinct yellowish brown (10YR 5/8) clay films on vertical faces of peds; many medium prominent black (10YR 2/1) masses with accumulated iron and manganese oxide; many coarse prominent gray (10YR 6/1) iron depletions; many coarse prominent brownish yellow (10YR 6/8) masses with accumulated iron oxide; few fine prominent white (2.5Y 8/1) and yellow (10YR 7/8) masses of carbonates; moderately acid; gradual wavy boundary. (0 to 28 inches thick)
C1--55 to 69 inches (140 to 175 cm); brown (7.5YR 5/3) clay; massive with varving apparent; firm; many very coarse prominent light gray (2.5Y 7/1) iron depletions; many coarse distinct brownish yellow (10YR 6/8) masses with accumulated iron oxide; slight effervescence; slightly alkaline; gradual smooth boundary.
C2--69 to 80 inches (175 to 200 cm); yellowish brown (10YR 5/4) silty clay; massive with apparent varving; firm; common extremely coarse brownish yellow (10YR 6/8) masses with accumulated iron oxide; many coarse prominent light gray (2.5Y 7/1) iron depletions; slight effervescence; moderately alkaline.
TYPE LOCATION: Scioto County, Ohio; about 3.5 miles ( 5.6 Km) north of Muletown in Madison Township; about 660 feet (200m) East and 600 feet (180 m) south of the northwest corner of section 17, T. 4N., R. 20W. USGS Lucasville, Ohio topographic quadrangle, latitude 38 degrees 55 minutes 9.10 seconds north and 82 degrees 53minutes 2.70 seconds west, NAD83.
RANGE IN CHARACTERISTICS: Thickness of the solum and depth to carbonates range from 36 to 60 inches. Depth to bedrock is more than 80 inches. A silty mantle ranges up to 12 inches. The particle size control section is 45 to 60 percent clay; however the middle and lower parts of the subsoil and substratum typically have clay contents greater than 60 percent. The lower part of the solum typically has slickensides or stress surfaces that have chroma of 0 to 2.
The Ap horizon has hue of 10YR, value of 3 to 5, and chroma of 2 to 4. Some pedons have A horizons, 1 to 4 inches thick, that have value of 2 or 3 and chroma of 1 or 2. Texture is silt loam or silty clay loam. Reaction ranges
from very strongly acid to moderately acid unless limed.
The Bt horizon has hue of 7.5YR to 2.5Y, value of 4 or 5, and chroma of 3 to 8. Redoximorphic features have hues of 7.5YR to 5Y, value of 4 to 6, and chroma of 2 to 8 in the upper 10 inches. Texture is silty clay or clay and less commonly
in the upper part has thin subhorizons of silty clay loam. It contains 40 to 60 percent clay in the upper part and exceeds 60 percent clay in the lower part. Reaction ranges from moderately acid to extremely acid.
The BC horizon, where present, has hue of 7.5YR to 2.5Y, value of 4 or 5, and chroma of 3 to 6. Textures are typically stratified silty clay or clay. Average clay content of the strata ranges from about 55 to 85 percent clay. Reaction ranges from very strongly acid to slightly alkaline.
The C horizon has hue of 10YR or 2.5Y, but thin subhorizons of 7.5YR or 5YR may be present. It has value of 3 to 6, and chroma of 3 to 6. Textures are typically stratified silty clay or clay with thin strata of silty clay loam or silt loam. Average clay content of the strata ranges from about 55 to 85 percent clay. Varving is typically present. Reaction ranges from moderately acid to mildly alkaline.
COMPETING SERIES: These are the Cardington, Ellsworth, Geeburg, Glynwood, Mortimer, Pert, and Shinrock series in the same family. Cardington, Ellsworth, Pert, and Shinrock soils average less than 45 percent clay in the argillic horizon and the content of clay decreases from the B to the C horizon. Geeburg soils contain rock fragments in the solum. Glynwood and Mortimer soils have a densic contact within a depth of 60 inches and average less than 60 percent clay in the lower part of the series control section.
GEOGRAPHIC SETTING: Wyatt soils are in valley fills in an abandoned preglacial drainage system of the Allegheny Plateau. They formed in stratified lacustrine clay and silty clay on risers and treads on high terraces. Slope gradients range from 1 to 25 percent. Climate is humid and temperate. Mean annual air temperature ranges from 52 to 56 degrees F., mean annual precipitation ranges from 38 to 43 inches, frost free days range from 145 to 181 days, and elevation ranges from 650 feet to 860 feet above sea level.
GEOGRAPHICALLY ASSOCIATED SOILS: These are the Allegheny, Doles, Omulga and Tygart soils. Allegheny soils are fine-loamy and are on similar landscape positions. Doles and Tygart soils are somewhat poorly drained and are on lower landscape positions. Omulga soils have a fragipan and are on similar landscape positions.
DRAINAGE AND PERMEABILITY: Moderately well drained. The potential for surface runoff is low to very high. Permeability is moderate or moderately slow in the
upper part of the solum and slow to very slow in the lower part of the solum. Water is perched in the subsoil during late winter and spring months
USE AND VEGETATION: Most areas of this soil are cultivated. Primary crops are corn, soybeans, wheat and hay. Some areas are pastured or wooded. Native vegetation is mixed, deciduous hardwood forest.
DISTRIBUTION AND EXTENT: Southern Ohio. The series is of small extent. MLRA's 124 and 126.
MLRA SOIL SURVEY REGIONAL OFFICE (MO) RESPONSIBLE: Morgantown, West Virginia.
SERIES ESTABLISHED: Athens County, Ohio. 1932
REMARKS: Series revisions in 2006 are based on extensive field studies in Ohio of soils mapped as Licking and Wyatt. The study resulted in recorrelation of map units in 9 counties.
Diagnostic horizons and features recognized in this pedon are as follows:
Ochric epipedon--from a depth of 0 to 8 inches (Ap1 and Ap2 horizons.)
Argillic horizon--from a depth of 8 to 44 inches (Bt1, Bt2, Bt3, Bt4 horizons.)
Redoximorphic features--from a depth of 8 to 80 inches (Bt1 through C2 horizons.)
ADDITIONAL DATA: Characterization data are available for SC-17, the typical pedon, JK-16, PK-8 and SC-11 from the Soil Characterization Laboratory at the Ohio State University, Columbus, OH.
Revised: 11/1999-JWK, SJH, DBD; 07/2007-GMG-NHM-RJG-DHK