LOCATION WILDWOOD MN+WIEstablished Series
TAXONOMIC CLASS: Very-fine, smectitic, nonacid, frigid Histic Humaquepts
TYPICAL PEDON: Wildwood muck with a slightly concave slope of less than 1 percent on a glacial lake plain vegetated with black ash, sedges, and white cedar. (Colorsare for moist soil unless otherwise stated.)
Oa1--0 to 10 inches; dark reddish brown (5YR 2.5/2) broken face and rubbed muck; weak fine and medium granular structure; friable; many fine and very fine roots; strongly acid; abrupt wavy boundary.
Oa2--10 to 12 inches; black (5YR 2.5/1) muck; weak medium platy structure; friable; many fine roots; strongly acid; abrupt wavy boundary. (Combined thickness of O horizons is 8 to 16 inches.)
A--12 to 17 inches; black (10YR 2/1) silty clay; weak coarse subangular blocky structure; firm; many fine roots; moderately acid; clear irregular boundary. (1 to 7 inches thick)
Bg--17 to 24 inches; dark gray (5Y 4/1) and very dark gray (5Y 3/1) clay; strong fine subangular blocky structure; firm; few fine roots; common fine distinct light olive brown (2.5Y 5/6) masses of iron accumulation; moderately acid; clear wavy boundary. (2 to 16 inches thick)
Cg1--24 to 30 inches; gray (5Y 5/1) clay; moderate fine subangular blocky soil fragments; firm; slightly effervescent; ; common fine distinct light olive brown (2.5Y 5/6) masses of iron accumulation; moderately alkaline; gradual smooth boundary.
Cg2--30 to 60 inches; gray (5Y5/1 and 6/1) clay; moderate fine subangular blocky soil fragments; friable; strongly effervescent; common large prominent yellowish brown (10YR 5/8) masses of iron accumulation; moderately alkaline.
TYPE LOCATION: Itasca County, Minnesota; about 5 miles north of Wirt; about 1900 feet east and 275 feet south of the northwest corner of sec. 22, T. 50 N., R. 26 W.
RANGE IN CHARACTERISTICS: Depth to free carbonates ranges from 18 to 35 inches. Rock fragments are typically lacking in the glaciolacustrine material but range up to 10 percent in the till material. In the mineral portion of the particle control section, the average content of clay is 60 to 75 percent.
The Oa horizon has hue of 5YR to 5Y, value of 2 or 3, chroma of 1 or 2, or is N2/0 or N3/0. It is muck. Some pedons have an Oe with mucky peat textures. The fiber content of the O horizons is mostly herbaceous but part is of woody origin in some pedons. It is strongly acid to slightly acid.
The A horizon has hue of 10YR to 5Y or is neutral, value of 2 or 3, and chroma of 0 or 1. It has redoximorphic features in some pedons. It is typically clay or silty clay. Thin layers of clay loam or silty clay loam are in some pedons. It is moderately acid to neutral.
The Bg horizon has hue of 10YR 2.5Y or 5Y; value of 3 to 6; and chroma of 1 or 2. It has redoximorphic features in some pedons. It typically is clay but thin subhorizons of silty clay are within the range. It is moderately acid to neutral.
The Cg horizon has color and texture similar to the Bg horizon. However, (in some pedons below 40 inches) it has subhorizons of clay loam with as much as 10 percent rock fragments combined with strata of clay. Some pedons that formed in glaciolacustrine sediments may be varved with very thin laminations of silty clay loam, silt loam or very fine sandy loam. It is slightly alkaline or moderately alkaline.
COMPETING SERIES: No other series is in this family.
GEOGRAPHIC SETTING: These soils have plane or concave slopes with a gradient of less 0 to 1 percent on glacial lake plains. They formed primarily in a thin layer of organic soil material and clayey till or glaciolacustrine sediments. These sediments are Late Wisconsinan in age. Mean annual temperature ranges from 35 to 45 degrees F. Mean annual precipitation ranges from 19 to 30 inches. The frost free period ranges from 88 to 135 days. The elevation above sea level ranges from 785 to 1,350 feet.
GEOGRAPHICALLY ASSOCIATED SOILS: These are the Clearwater, Dora, Haug, Indus, Taylor Thiefriver, and Woodslake soils. Poorly and very poorly drained Clearwater and Thiefriver soils and the somewhat poorly and poorly drained Indus soils are on plane to slightly concave slopes that are slightly higher in the landscape. Very poorly drained Dora soils are in similar positions but have a thicker organic layer above the clayey sediments. Very poorly drained Haug soils in similar landscape positions are underlain by loamy till. Moderately well drained Taylor soils are on convex slopes higher in the landscape. Very poorly and poorly drained Woodslake soils are in similar landscape positions but do not have an organic layer.
DRAINAGE AND PERMEABILITY: Very poorly drained. Surface runoff is very low or ponded. Permeability is slow or very slow. The perched seasonal high water table is at depths ranging from 1 foot above to the surface at some time from September to June in most years for the undrained phase. The perched seasonal high water table is at depths from 2 feet above to the surface from January to December for the ponded phase.
USE AND VEGETATION: Native vegetation consists mostly of grasses, sedges, and willow with an overstory of black ash in some places. Most areas are undrained; a few areas are in pasture.
DISTRIBUTION AND EXTENT: Northern Minnesota. Moderately extensive.
MLRA SOIL SURVEY REGIONAL OFFICE (MO) RESPONSIBLE: St. Paul, Minnesota.
SERIES ESTABLISHED: Lake of the Woods County, Minnesota, 1926 .
REMARKS: Diagnostic horizons and features are: histic epipedon - the zone from the surface to a depth of 12 inches (Oa1 and Oa2 horizons); cambic horizon - the zone from 17 to 24 inches (Bg horizon); aquic moisture regime
ADDITIONAL DATA: Refer to Minnesota Agricultural Experiment Station Central File Code No. 3375 for results of some laboratory analyses of the typical pedon.