LOCATION WYNOOSE IL

Established Series
Revised SEW-WMM-TJE
09/2022

WYNOOSE SERIES

The Wynoose series consists of very deep, poorly drained soils on till plains. They formed in loess and the underlying pedisediment overlying a Sangamon age paleosol. Slope ranges from 0 to 2 percent. Mean annual temperature is about 13 degrees C (55 degrees F), and mean annual precipitation is about 1067 millimeters (42 inches).

TAXONOMIC CLASS: Fine, smectitic, mesic Typic Albaqualfs

TYPICAL PEDON: Wynoose silt loam, on a nearly level slope in a cultivated field at an elevation of 139 meters (455 feet) above mean sea level. (Colors are for moist soil unless otherwise stated.)

Ap--0 to 18 centimeters (0 to 7 inches); dark grayish brown (10YR 4/2) silt loam, light brownish gray (10YR 6/2) dry; moderate fine granular structure; friable; common very fine roots throughout; common fine distinct brown (7.5YR 4/4) masses of oxidized iron in the matrix; few fine spherical iron-manganese masses throughout; neutral; abrupt smooth boundary. [15 to 31 centimeters (6 to 12 inches) thick]

Eg1--18 to 36 centimeters (7 to 14 inches); light brownish gray (10YR 6/2) silt loam, white (2.5Y 8/1) dry; moderate medium platy structure; friable; few very fine roots throughout; common distinct light gray (10YR 7/2) (dry) clay depletions on faces of peds; common fine prominent strong brown (7.5YR 5/6) and yellowish brown (10YR 5/6) masses of oxidized iron in the matrix; few fine spherical iron-manganese masses throughout; strongly acid; clear smooth boundary.

Eg2--36 to 51 centimeters (14 to 20 inches); light brownish gray (10YR 6/2) silt loam, white (2.5Y 8/1) dry; moderate medium platy structure; friable; few very fine roots throughout; common distinct light gray (10YR 7/2) (dry) clay depletions on faces of peds; many fine prominent strong brown (7.5YR 5/6) masses of oxidized iron in the matrix; few fine spherical iron-manganese masses and few fine irregular iron-manganese concretions throughout; very strongly acid; abrupt smooth boundary.[Combined thickness of the Eg horizon is 18 to 46 centimeters (7 to 18 inches).]

Btg1--51 to 74 centimeters (20 to 29 inches); light brownish gray (10YR 6/2) silty clay; strong medium prismatic structure parting to strong medium angular blocky; firm; few very fine roots along faces of peds; many distinct gray (10YR 5/1) clay films and common distinct light gray (10YR 7/2) (dry) clay depletions on faces of peds; many fine and medium prominent strong brown (7.5YR 5/6) masses of oxidized iron in the matrix; common fine spherical iron-manganese masses and common fine and medium irregular iron-manganese concretions throughout; very strongly acid; clear smooth boundary.

Btg2--74 to 91 centimeters (29 to 36 inches); light brownish gray (10YR 6/2) silty clay; strong medium prismatic structure parting to strong medium angular blocky; firm; few very fine roots along faces of peds; common distinct gray (10YR 5/1) clay films and few distinct light gray (10YR 7/2) (dry) clay depletions on faces of peds; many fine and medium prominent strong brown (7.5YR 5/6) masses of oxidized iron in the matrix; few fine spherical iron-manganese masses and few fine irregular iron-manganese concretions throughout; very strongly acid; clear smooth boundary. [Combined thickness of the Btg horizon is 25 to 107 centimeters (10 to 42 inches)].

2Btg3--91 to 122 centimeters (36 to 48 inches); light brownish gray (10YR 6/2) silty clay loam; moderate medium prismatic structure parting to moderate medium subangular blocky; firm; few very fine roots along faces of peds; few distinct grayish brown (10YR 5/2) clay films and few distinct light gray (10YR 7/2) (dry) clay depletions on faces of peds; common fine and medium prominent strong brown (7.5YR 5/6) masses of oxidized iron in the matrix; few fine spherical iron-manganese masses and few fine irregular iron-manganese concretions throughout; about 2 percent angular gravel; strongly acid; clear smooth boundary.

2Btg4--122 to 168 centimeters (48 to 66 inches); gray (10YR 6/1) silty clay loam; moderate medium prismatic structure parting to moderate medium subangular blocky; firm; few very fine roots along faces of peds; few distinct gray (10YR 5/1) clay films on faces of peds and few distinct dark grayish brown (10YR 4/2) clay films in root channels and pores; common fine and medium prominent strong brown (7.5YR 5/8) masses of oxidized iron in the matrix; few fine irregular iron-manganese concretions throughout; about 2 percent angular gravel; strongly acid; clear smooth boundary. [Combined thickness of the 2Btg or 2BCg horizon is 38 to 127 centimeters (15 to 50 inches)].

3Btgb--168 to 200 centimeters (66 to 79 inches); gray (10YR 6/1) silty clay loam; moderate medium prismatic structure parting to moderate medium subangular blocky; very firm; common distinct gray (10YR 5/1) clay films on faces of peds; common prominent black (N 2.5/) manganese coatings on faces of peds; common fine and medium prominent strong brown (7.5YR 5/8) and strong brown (7.5YR 5/6) masses of oxidized iron in the matrix; common medium irregular iron-manganese concretions throughout; about 5 percent angular gravel; moderately acid.

TYPE LOCATION: Wayne County, Illinois; about 5.8 kilometers (3.6 miles) northwest of Mt. Erie; 967 feet west and 2458 feet north of the southeast corner of sec. 10, T. 1 N., R. 8 E.

USGS topographic quadrangle--Enterprise, Illinois
Latitude 38.5326150
Longitude -88.2973120
Datum--WGS84
Coordinate source--estimated from GIS layer

RANGE IN CHARACTERISTICS:
Depth to the top of the argillic horizon--less than 61 centimeters (24 inches)
Depth to the base of the argillic horizon--greater than 102 centimeters (40 inches)
Thickness of the loess--76 to 140 centimeters (30 to 55 inches)
Particle-size control section--averages 35 to 42 percent clay and less than 15 percent sand

Ap or A horizon--
Hue--10YR or 2.5Y
Value--4 to 6
Chroma--1 or 2
Texture--silt loam
Reaction--very strongly acid or strongly acid but ranges to neutral in pedons that have been limed

Eg horizon--
Hue--10YR or 2.5Y
Value--5 to 7
Chroma--1 or 2
Texture--silt loam
Reaction--extremely acid to neutral

Some pedons have a B/E horizon.

Btg horizon--
Hue--10YR, 2.5Y, or 5Y
Value--4 to 6
Chroma--1 or 2
Texture--silty clay loam or silty clay
Reaction--extremely acid to moderately acid

2Btg or 2BCg horizon--
Hue--10YR, 2.5Y, or 5Y
Value--4 to 6
Chroma--1 or 2
Texture--silty clay loam, clay loam, loam, or silt loam.
Sand content--15 to 30 percent
Reaction--extremely acid to moderately acid

3Agb or 3Btgb horizon, where present within 200 centimeters--
Hue--7.5YR, 10YR, 2.5Y, or 5Y
Value--4 to 6
Chroma--1 or 2
Texture--silty clay loam, clay loam, silt loam, or loam
Sand content--15 to 40 percent
Reaction--moderately acid to slightly alkaline

COMPETING SERIES:
Ames soils average more than 15 percent sand in the particle-size control section.
Leaksville soils have a paralithic and lithic contact within a depth of 152 centimeters (60 inches).
Pierron and Rushville soils have less than 15 percent sand in the lower part of the argillic horizon.
Watchung soils are less than 102 centimeters (40 inches) to the base of the argillic horizon.
Zwingle soils average more than 42 percent clay in the particle-size control section.

GEOGRAPHIC SETTING:
Wynoose soils are on broad ground moraines on till plains of Illinoian age. Slope ranges from 0 to 2 percent. Wynoose soils formed in 30 to 55 inches (76 to 140 centimeters) of loess and the underlying pedisediment. The loess is late Wisconsin age Peoria Loess and the underlying material is early Wisconsin age pedisediment or Roxana Silt which overlie a strongly developed Sangamon age paleosol in Illinoian age accretion deposits (accretion gley) or till. The paleosol may or may not have been truncated by erosion prior to loess deposition.

Mean annual temperature--11.7 to 13.9 degrees C (53 to 57 degrees F) Mean annual precipitation--965 to 117 millimeters (38 to 46 inches) Frost-free period--180 to 200 days
Elevation--107 to 213 meters (350 to 700 feet) above sea level

GEOGRAPHICALLY ASSOCIATED SOILS:
The moderately well drained Ava soils and the somewhat poorly drained Bluford soils are in a drainage sequence with Wynoose soils, have brittleness in the subsoil, and are on higher positions nearby or on lower positions on backslopes.
Blair and Passport soils are somewhat poorly drained, formed primarily in pedisediment, and are on lower, more sloping positions on backslopes or near the heads of drainageways.
Hickory soils are well drained, formed in till, and are on lower, more sloping positions on backslopes.
Racoon soils are fine-silty, have a thicker eluvial horizon, and are on footslopes above or on stream terraces below Wynoose soils.

DRAINAGE AND SATURATED HYDRAULIC CONDUCTIVITY:
Drainage class--poorly drained
Water table--Where drained, the water table is within 31 centimeters (1 foot) of the surface between January and May in normal years. If undrained, these soils have a water table within 15 centimeters (0.5 foot) of the surface between November and June in normal years. Wynoose soils can have periods of brief ponding after heavy rains, generally between January and May.
Saturated hydraulic conductivity class--low or moderately low
Permeability class--slow or very slow

USE AND VEGETATION:
Most areas of Wynoose soils are used to grow soybeans, corn, milo, and wheat. Native vegetation is deciduous forest consisting mainly of post oak, black oak, and hickory.

DISTRIBUTION AND EXTENT:
MLRA 113 in southern Illinois. The series is extensive.

SOIL SURVEY REGIONAL OFFICE (SSRO) RESPONSIBLE: Indianapolis, Indiana

SERIES ESTABLISHED: Washington County, Illinois, 1924

REMARKS:
Typical Pedon Taxonomic Features--
Ochric epipedon--from the surface to a depth of 51 centimeters (Ap, Eg horizons)
Albic horizon--from a depth of 18 to 51 centimeters (Eg horizon)
Argillic horizon--from a depth of 51 to more than 200 centimeters (Btg1, Btg2, 2Btg3, 2Btg4, 3Btgb horizons)
Abrupt textural change from the Eg2 horizon to the Btg1 horizon
Aquic conditions--redox features present in all horizons

A bench phase is recognized for soils on structural benches that occur along some major tributaries of the Mississippi River.

Taxonomic Version--Keys to Soil Taxonomy, Twelfth Edition, 2014

ADDITIONAL DATA:
Characterization data is available from the NRCS-NSSC Kellogg Soil Survey Laboratory, Lincoln, Nebraska.

National Cooperative Soil Survey
U.S.A.