LOCATION XMAN NV

Established Series
Rev. WED/ELS/JBF
12/2019

XMAN SERIES

The Xman series consist of shallow, well drained soils that formed in residuum derived from volcanic rock. Xman soils are on plateaus, hills and mountains. Slopes are 4 to 50 percent. The mean annual precipitation is about 250 mm and the mean annual temperature is about 9 degrees C.

TAXONOMIC CLASS: Clayey, smectitic, mesic, shallow Xeric Haplargids

TYPICAL PEDON: Xman gravelly loam - rangeland. (Colors are for dry soil unless otherwise noted.)

A--0 to 5 cm; grayish brown (10YR 5/2) gravelly loam, very dark grayish brown (10YR 3/2) moist; moderate fine granular structure; slightly hard, very friable, slightly sticky and slightly plastic; many fine and very fine roots; many fine and very fine interstitial pores; 5 percent stones and 20 percent gravel; neutral (pH 6.8); abrupt smooth boundary. (3 to 10 cm thick)

Bt1--5 to 10 cm; brown (7.5YR 4/4) light clay, dark yellowish brown (10YR 4/4) moist; strong medium subangular blocky structure; hard, firm, moderately sticky and moderately plastic; many fine and very fine roots; many fine and very fine tubular pores; common distinct clay films on faces of peds and in pores; slightly alkaline (pH 7.4); clear smooth boundary. (0 to 15 cm thick)

Bt2--10 to 28 cm; brown (7.5YR 5/4) clay, dark yellowish brown (10YR 4/4) moist; strong fine and medium prismatic structure that parts to subangular blocky; hard, firm, moderately sticky and very plastic; many fine and very fine exped roots; few fine and very fine tubular pores; many distinct clay films on faces of peds and in pores; neutral (pH 7.0); clear wavy boundary. (13 to 25 cm thick)

Bt3--28 to 36 cm; yellowish brown (10YR 5/4) gravelly clay, dark yellowish brown (10YR 4/4) moist; weak fine subangular blocky structure; hard, firm, moderately sticky and moderately plastic; common very fine exped roots; very few very fine tubular pores; common distinct clay films on faces of peds; 20 percent gravel; slightly alkaline (pH 7.5); abrupt smooth boundary. (5 to 20 cm thick)

Cr--36 to 74 cm; weathered altered andesite with seams of carbonate in some spots; discontinuous silica coatings; gradual wavy boundary. (25 to 50 cm thick)

R--74 cm; hard bedrock.

TYPE LOCATION: Washoe County, Nevada; about one-fourth mile west and one-fourth mile north of the southeast corner of section 29, T. 20 N., R. 20 E.; USGS Reno 7.5 minute topographic quadrangle; latitude 39 degrees 34 minutes 2 seconds N and longitude 119 degrees 45 minutes 25 seconds W; WGS84 Decimal Degrees 39.5672222 latitude, -119.7572222 longitude.

RANGE IN CHARACTERISTICS:
Soil moisture: Usually moist in winter and spring, dry in summer and fall; aridic soil moisture regime that borders on xeric.
Mean annual soil temperature: 10 to 12 degrees C.
Depth to paralithic contact: 25 to 50 cm.
Depth to hard bedrock: 50 to 100 cm.

Particle-size control section - Clay content: 40 to 50 percent.
Rock fragments: 0 to 30 percent, mostly gravel.

A horizon
Value: 5 or 6 dry, 3 or 4 moist.
Chroma: 2 or 3.
Reaction: Slightly acid or neutral.
Other features: The soil commonly cracks to the surface, especially when the A horizon is thin.

Bt horizon
Hue: 10YR or 7.5YR.
Value: 4 through 6 dry, 4 or 5 moist.
Chroma: 3 or 4.
Structure: Commonly prismatic. Angular or subangular blocky in the upper and lower part in some pedons.
Reaction: Slightly acid or neutral. Moderately alkaline in the lower part of some pedons.

COMPETING SERIES: These are Bedzee, Brisbois, Chalco, Espint and Gumble series.

Bedzee, Brisbois, Chalco, Espint and Gumble soils lack hard bedrock within 100 cm.

GEOGRAPHIC SETTING: Xman soils are on plateaus, hills and mountains. These soils formed in residuum derived from rhyolite and altered andesite. Slopes are 4 to 50 percent. Elevations are 1,340 to 1,710 meters. The climate is semiarid with a mean annual precipitation of 200 to 300 mm; mean annual temperature is 8 to 11 degrees C; and a frost-free season of about 90 to 100 days.

GEOGRAPHICALLY ASSOCIATED SOILS: These are the Oppio and Risley soils. These soils are deeper than 50 cm to bedrock.

DRAINAGE AND SATURATED HYDRAULIC CONDUCTIVITY: Well drained; medium or rapid runoff; slow permeability; moderately low saturated hydraulic conductivity.

USE AND VEGETATION: Urban development and wildlife habitat. The vegetation is cheatgrass, low sagebrush, bottlebrush squirreltail, and rabbitbrush.

DISTRIBUTION AND EXTENT: Foothills of the Sierra Mountains in western Nevada. These soils are not extensive. MLRA 26.

MLRA SOIL SURVEY REGIONAL OFFICE (MO) RESPONSIBLE: Davis, California

SERIES ESTABLISHED: Washoe County (South Part), Nevada, l980.

REMARKS: Diagnostic horizons and features recognized in this pedon are:
Ochric epipedon - The zone from the surface to about 5 cm (A horizon).
Argillic horizon - The zone from about 5 to 36 cm (Bt1, Bt2 and Bt3 horizons).
Paralithic contact - The boundary at 36 cm (Cr layer).
Lithic contact - The boundary at 74 cm (R horizon).
Particle-size control section - The zone from 5 to 36 cm (Bt1, Bt2 and Bt3 horizons).

ADDITIONAL DATA: User Pedon ID: 2006NV031146.

National Cooperative Soil Survey
U.S.A.