LOCATION YARBOROUGH TX
Established Series
DNB-JKW-KBH
01/2018
YARBOROUGH SERIES
The Yarborough series consists of very deep, poorly drained soils that formed in sandy and loamy sediments dredged from submerged areas. These nearly level soils are on flats within and along the margins of spoil pile areas. These soils are subject to frequent flooding by high storm surge from strong tropical storms. Slope ranges from 0 to 1 percent. Mean annual precipitation is about 686 mm (27 in), and Mean annual air temperature is about 23 degrees C (73 degrees F).
TAXONOMIC CLASS: Coarse-loamy, siliceous, active, calcareous, hyperthermic Typic Halaquepts
TYPICAL PEDON: Yarborough fine sandy loam--in an area of Twinpalms-Yarborough complex, 0 to 3 percent slopes in wildlife land at an elevation of 30 cm (1 ft). (Colors are for moist soil unless otherwise stated.)
Anz--0 to 18 cm (0 to 7 in); dark grayish brown (2.5Y 4/2) fine sandy loam, grayish brown (2.5Y 5/2) dry; weak fine and medium subangular blocky structure; friable, slightly hard; common fine and medium roots; few fine irregular pores; 7 percent medium and coarse distinct pale olive (5Y 6/3) and 2 percent fine prominent dark yellowish brown (10YR 4/6) masses of oxidized iron with sharp boundaries lining pores; 1 percent medium faint very dark grayish brown (2.5Y 3/2) iron depletions with diffuse boundaries in the matrix; 8 percent gravel-sized and 20 percent sand-sized shell fragments; strongly saline; Sodium Adsorption Ratio is about 45; strongly effervescent; slightly alkaline; clear smooth boundary. (10 to 23 cm [4 to 9 in] thick)
Cnzg1--18 to 51 cm (7 to 20 in); light olive gray (5Y 6/2) fine sandy loam, light brownish gray (2.5Y 6/2) dry; massive; friable, slightly hard; few fine irregular pores;7 percent fine and medium prominent olive yellow (2.5Y 6/6) masses of oxidized iron with sharp boundaries lining pores; 1 percent fine faint olive gray (5Y 5/2) iron depletions with diffuse boundaries in the matrix; 12 percent gravel-sized and 20 percent sand-sized shell fragments; strongly saline; Sodium Adsorption Ratio is about 47; strongly effervescent; moderately alkaline; gradual smooth boundary.
Cnzg2--51 to 76 cm (20 to 30 in); light olive gray (5Y 6/2) gravelly fine sandy loam, light gray (2.5Y 7/2) dry; massive; friable, slightly hard; 20 percent medium and coarse greenish gray (5G 5/1) sandy clay loam; 4 percent fine and medium prominent olive yellow (2.5Y 6/6) masses of oxidized iron with sharp boundaries in the matrix; 20 percent gravel-sized and 20 percent sand-sized shell fragments; strongly saline; Sodium Adsorption Ratio is about 52; strongly effervescent; moderately alkaline; clear smooth boundary.
Cnzg3--76 to 152 cm (30 to 60 in); greenish gray (5G 5/1) fine sandy loam, gray (5Y 6/1) dry; massive; friable, slightly hard; 30 percent gray (2.5Y 6/1) gravelly loamy fine sand; 2 percent fine and medium prominent olive (5Y 5/6) masses of oxidized iron with sharp boundaries in the matrix; 5 percent medium faint light olive gray (5Y 6/2) iron depletions with diffuse boundaries in the matrix; 7 percent gravel-sized and 15 percent sand-sized shell fragments; strongly saline; Sodium Adsorption Ratio is about 52; violently effervescent; slightly alkaline; clear smooth boundary.
Cnzg4--152 to 183 cm (60 to 72 in); dark gray (5Y 4/1) loamy fine sand, light brownish gray (2.5Y 6/2) dry; massive; very friable, soft; 10 percent 3 cm thick strata of greenish gray (5G 5/1) sandy clay loam; 2 percent gravel-sized and 15 percent sand-sized shell fragments; strongly saline; Sodium Adsorption Ratio is about 52; violently effervescent; slightly alkaline; clear smooth boundary. (Combined thickness of the Cnzg horizon is 180 to 193 cm [71 to 76 in].)
Cnzg5--183 to 203 cm (72 to 80 in); gray (5Y 5/1) fine sand, light gray (2.5Y 7/2) dry; massive; very friable, soft; 3 percent gravel-sized and 10 percent sand-sized shell fragments; strongly saline; Sodium Adsorption Ratio is about 57; violently effervescent; slightly alkaline.
TYPE LOCATION: Kenedy County, Texas; from the intersection of Park Road 22 and the county line between Kleberg and Nueces Counties; 8.0 miles southwest on Park Road 22 to the pay station entrance of Padre Island National Seashore; continue 0.8 miles southwest on Park Road 22 to the intersection of Novillo and Bird Island Basin road; 2.1 miles west-northwest and north on Bird Island Basin road to boat ramp; 14.6 miles by boat generally west-southwest along the Gulf Intracoastal Waterway to the mouth of Baffin Bay; 900 ft east to spoil island near green can marker 215; 350 ft south in low flat in wildlife land. Point of Rocks, Texas USGS topographic quadrangle; Latitude: 27 degrees, 17 minutes, 42.8 seconds North; Longitude: 97 degrees, 24 minutes, 16.9 seconds West; WGS84; UTM Easting 657875.02m, UTM Northing 3020142.63m, UTM Zone 14.
RANGE IN CHARACTERISTICS:
Soil Moisture: Aquic conditions between 25 to 51 cm (10 and 20 in) below the soil surface at some time in normal years. Although rainfall amounts are that of an ustic moisture regime, the top of a permanent water table is at a depth of 25 to 61 cm (10 to 24 in) throughout the year, and is saturated for several days following heavy rains or extremely high tides.
Salinity is variable, but in one or more horizons that are at least 15 cm (6 in) thick, electrical conductivity of the water extracted from a saturated paste is more than 30 dS/m for more than 90 days in normal years. The Sodium Adsorption Ratio ranges from 20 to 60 throughout the series control section. The location in the soil of the maximum salinity and sodicity varies according to length of time since last flooding.
Mean annual soil temperature: 21.7 to 22.8 degrees C (71 to 73 degrees F)
Depth to masses of oxidized iron: 0 to 25 cm (0 to 10 in)
Depth to iron depletions: 15 to 61 cm (6 to 24 in)
Depth to endosaturation: 25 to 61 cm (10 to 24 in) throughout the year.
Particle-size control section (weighted average)
Clay content: 5 to 18 percent
Sand content: 75 to 90 percent
Coarse fragments consist of seashell and seashell fragments or fragments of serpulid reefs.
Anz horizon
Hue: 2.5Y or 5Y
Value: 4 to 6 (5 to 7 dry)
Chroma: 1 or 2
Texture: fine sandy loam
Clay content: 7 to 18 percent
Redox Concentration: amount--2 to 10 percent, size--fine or medium, contrast--distinct or prominent, boundary--clear or sharp
Redox depletions: amount--0 to 15 percent, size--fine or medium, contrast--faint or distinct, boundary--diffuse or clear
Coarse fragments: 1 to 10 percent
Electrical Conductivity (dS/m): 15 to 60
Sodium Adsorption Ratio: 20 to 60
Reaction: slightly alkaline or moderately alkaline
Upper Cnzg horizon
Hue: 2.5Y, 5Y, 10Y or 5GY
Value: 5 or 6 (6 or 7 dry)
Chroma: 1 or 2
Texture: loamy fine sand, fine sandy loam or their gravelly counterparts
Clay content: 5 to 18 percent
Redox Concentration: amount--0 to 10 percent, size--fine or medium, contrast--faint to prominent, boundary--clear or sharp
Redox depletions: amount--2 to 15 percent, size--fine to coarse, contrast--faint or distinct, boundary--diffuse or clear
Coarse fragments: 3 to 20 percent
Electrical Conductivity (dS/m): 20 to 60
Sodium Adsorption Ratio: 20 to 60
Reaction: slightly alkaline or moderately alkaline
Lower Cnzg horizon
Hue: 5Y, 10Y, 5GY, 5G or N/
Value: 4 to 6 (5 to 7 dry)
Chroma: 0 or 1
Texture: fine sand, loamy fine sand or fine sandy loam
Clay content: 5 to 18 percent
Redox Concentration: amount--0 to 3 percent, size--fine or medium, contrast--distinct or prominent, boundary--clear or sharp
Redox depletions: amount--3 to 20 percent, size--fine or medium, contrast--faint or distinct, boundary--diffuse or clear
Coarse fragments: 1 to 10 percent
Electrical Conductivity (dS/m): 20 to 60
Sodium Adsorption Ratio: 20 to 70
Reaction: slightly alkaline or moderately alkaline
COMPETING SERIES: There are no competing series in the same family. Similar soils are the
Arrada (TX),
Baffin (TX),
Barrada (TX),
Cedarlake (TX),
Malaquite (TX),
Neches (TX),
Riolomas (TX),
Saucel (TX),
Sievers (TX),
Topo (TX), and
Twinpalms (TX) series.
Arrada and
Cedarlake soils: have mixed mineralogy and a fine-loamy particle size control section. In addition, Cedarlake soils have a thermic temperature regime.
Baffin soils: are very poorly drained, have an n-value of 0.7 or more and are permanently submersed.
Barrada soils: have mixed mineralogy and a fine particle size control section.
Malaquite soils: have a sandy particle size control section.
Neches and
Riolomas soils: have no seashell fragments, do not have iron depletions within 102 cm (40 in), and are in the udic moisture regime.
Saucel and
Topo soils: have mixed mineralogy and no seashell fragments. In addition, Topo soils have salinity of less than 16 dS/m in the series control section.
Sievers soils: have a fine-loamy particle size control section, are somewhat poorly drained, and are in the udic moisture regime.
Twinpalms soils: are somewhat poorly drained, have a water table within 76 to 152 cm (30 to 60 in) and have Sodium Adsorption Ratio of less than 13 within the control section.
GEOGRAPHIC SETTING:
Parent material: Sandy and loamy sediments dredged from shallow bays
Landscape: Bays
Landform: flats and concave positions of spoil piles
Slope: 0 to 1 percent
Mean annual air temperature range: 22 to 23 cm (71 to 73 degrees F)
Mean annual precipitation range: 635 to 889 mm (25 to 35 in)
Precipitation Pattern: November through April are the driest months, with a second dry period in July. September is the wettest month.
Frost-free period: 310 to 350 days
Elevation: 0 to 1 m (0 to 4 ft)
Thornthwaite P-E Index: 31 to 44
GEOGRAPHICALLY ASSOCIATED SOILS: These are the
Arrada,
Baffin,
Madre,
Malaquite,
Satatton,
Tatton, and
Twinpalms series.
Arrada soils: moderately slowly permeable and occur on lower wind tidal flat landforms.
Baffin soils: are on lower landforms under seawater.
Madre and
Malaquite soils: have a sandy particle size control section, and occur on barrier flat landforms on barrier islands.
Satatton and
Tatton soils: have a sandy particle size control section, and occur on lower wind tidal flat landforms.
Twinpalms soils: are moderately permeable and on higher spoil piles.
DRAINAGE AND PERMEABILITY: Poorly drained; runoff is high due to the seasonal water table. Permeability is moderate above the high water table, but the overall permeability class is very slow. The water table is at a depth of 25 to 61 cm (10 to 24 in) throughout the year in most years. These soils are subject to frequent flooding for brief periods by high storm surge during strong tropical storms.
USE AND VEGETATION: Used as wildlife habitat and for livestock grazing. Native vegetation is saltflat grass, seashore saltgrass, marshay cordgrass, bushy sea oxeye daisy, and glasswort with some interspersed barren areas. The ecological site is Salt Flat, PE 31-44 (150BY651TX).
DISTRIBUTION AND EXTENT: Gulf Coast Saline Prairies (MLRA 150B in LRR T) on spoil pile areas associated with bay systems and barrier islands along the Gulf Coast of southern Texas. The series is of moderate extent.
MLRA SOIL SURVEY REGIONAL OFFICE (MO) RESPONSIBLE: Temple, Texas
SERIES ESTABLISHED: Kenedy County, Texas; 2007. The name is from the name of a closed pass that was dredged on Padre Island.
REMARKS: The series was formerly included in the Ijam series, undifferentiated groups Ustifluvents, Ustorthents, or Udipsamments, or the miscellaneous areas - spoil piles.
The series was established based on the difference in family particle size and soil moisture regime.
Diagnostic horizons and features recognized in this pedon are:
Particle size control section: 25 to 102 cm (10 to 40 in). (Cnzg1, Cnzg2 and Cnzg3 horizons)
Aquic conditions: evidenced by low chroma colors due to wetness.
Ochric epipedon: 0 to 18 cm (0 to 7 in). (Anz horizon)
Masses of oxidized iron: 0 to 203 cm (0 to 80 in). (Anz, Cnzg1, Cnzg2, Cnzg3, Cnzg4 and Cnzg5 horizons)
Iron depletions: depleted matrix at 0 to 203 cm (0 to 80 in). (Anz, Cnzg1, Cnzg2, Cnzg3, Cnzg4 and Cnzg5 horizons)
Endosaturation: The zone of saturation at 25 to 61 cm (10 to 24 in) in most years throughout the year.
ADDITIONAL DATA: Particle-size analysis on six pedons, and salinity and sodicity tests on eight pedons performed at the soil survey project office.
Taxonomic Version: Keys to Soil Taxonomy, Twelfth Edition, 2014
National Cooperative Soil Survey
U.S.A.