LOCATION YETTEM             CA
Established Series
Rev.:FGS/ARW/JJJ/CAF
10/1999

YETTEM SERIES


The Yettem series consists of very deep, well drained soils that formed in alluvium from granitic sources. Yettem soils are on alluvial fans and flood plains. Slopes are 0 to 5 percent. The mean annual precipitation is about 10 inches and the mean annual air temperature is about 63 degrees F.

TAXONOMIC CLASS: Coarse-loamy, mixed, superactive, thermic Entic Haploxerolls

TYPICAL PEDON: Yettem sandy loam, annual pasture. (Colors are for dry soil unless otherwise noted.)

Ap--0 to 14 inches; dark gray (10YR 4/1) sandy loam, very dark gray (10YR 3/1) moist; massive; slightly hard, very friable, nonsticky and nonplastic; many very fine and fine roots; many very fine and few fine tubular pores; slightly acid (pH 6.3); clear smooth boundary. (8 to 14 inches thick)

A--14 to 26 inches; gray (10YR 5/1) sandy loam, very dark grayish brown (10YR 3/2) moist; massive; slightly hard, very friable, nonsticky and nonplastic; many very fine and fine roots; many very fine and few fine tubular pores; slightly acid (pH 6.5); clear smooth boundary. (0 to 16 inches thick)

C1--26 to 56 inches; grayish brown (10YR 5/2) sandy loam, dark grayish brown (10YR 4/2) moist; massive; slightly hard, very friable, nonsticky and nonplastic; common very fine roots; common very fine tubular pores; neutral (pH 7.0); clear smooth boundary. (16 to 32 inches thick)

C2--56 to 70 inches; light brownish gray (10YR 6/2) sandy loam, dark grayish brown (10YR 4/2) moist; massive; slightly hard, very friable, nonsticky and nonplastic; many very fine tubular pores; slightly effervescent, with disseminated lime; slightly alkaline (pH 7.8).

TYPE LOCATION: Tulare County, California; about 6 miles north of Orosi; 2,400 feet west and 200 feet south of the northeast corner of section 8, T. 15 S., R. 25 E., Orange Cove North Quadrangle.

RANGE IN CHARACTERISTICS:

Mean annual soil temperature: 64 to 67 degrees F. and the soil temperature usually is not below 47 degrees F. at any time.
Organic matter: 1 to 2 percent in the surface 8 to 14 inches, and decreases regularly to a depth of 60 inches or more. It has less than 1 percent organic matter at a depth of 20 inches.

A Horizon--10YR 4/1, 4/2, 4/3, 5/1, 5/2 or 5/3; 10YR 3/1, 3/2, 3/3, 4/1, 4/2 or 4/3 moist.
Structure: Granular structure or it is massive
Reaction: Moderately acid to slightly alkaline.

C Horizon--10YR 4/2, 4/3, 5/2, 5/3, 5/4, 6/2, 6/3, 6/4, 7/2 or 7/3; 10YR 3/2, 3/3, 3/4, 4/2, 4/3, 4/4, 5/2, 5/3 or 5/4 moist.
Texture: Sandy loam, coarse sandy loam or fine sandy loam.
Clay content: 5 to 18 percent.
Carbonates: Effervescence ranges from none to strong.
Reaction: Neutral to moderately alkaline.

COMPETING SERIES: These are the Capistrano series. Capistrano soils have a mean annual soil temperature that ranges from 60 to 65 degrees F. and have less than 20 degrees difference between winter and summer soil temperatures.

GEOGRAPHIC SETTING: Yettem soils are on alluvial fans and flood plains. Elevations range from 225 to 1,500 feet. Slopes range from 0 to 5 percent. They formed in alluvium predominantly from granitic sources. The climate is subhumid mesothermal with hot, dry summers and cool, moist winters. The mean annual precipitation is 9 to 15 inches. The average January temperature is 46 degrees F.; the average July temperature is 78 degrees F.; and the mean annual temperature is about 62 to 65 degrees F. The frost free season is about 250 to 300 days.

GEOGRAPHICALLY ASSOCIATED SOILS: These are the Exeter and San Joaquin soils. Exeter and San Joaquin soils have a duripan at a depth of 20 to 40 inches.

DRAINAGE AND PERMEABILITY: Well drained; negligible or very low runoff; moderately rapid permeability.

USE AND VEGETATION: Cropland and annual pasture. Crops are oranges, plums, olives, walnuts and grapes. The native vegetation is annual grasses and forbs.

DISTRIBUTION AND EXTENT: Eastside of California's Central Valley and intermountain valleys of southern California. The soils are of moderate extent.

MLRA SOIL SURVEY REGIONAL OFFICE (MO) RESPONSIBLE: Davis, California

SERIES ESTABLISHED: Tulare County, California, Central Part, 1977.

REMARKS: Mollic epipedon - 0 to 14 inches (Ap horizon). Particle-size control section - 10 to 40 inch zone.

ADDITIONAL DATA: The Riverside Laboratory. 69-CALIF-54-1, Organic Carbon tests.


National Cooperative Soil Survey
U.S.A.