LOCATION ZATOVILLE MTEstablished Series
TAXONOMIC CLASS: Fine, smectitic, frigid Torrertic Haplustepts
TYPICAL PEDON: Zatoville silty clay loam, in grassland (colors are for dry soil unless otherwise noted).
A--0 to 3 inches; pale brown (10YR 6/3) silty clay loam, brown (10YR 4/3) moist; moderate medium subangular blocky structure parting to moderate fine granular; slightly hard, friable, sticky and plastic; common very fine roots and few fine roots; many very fine pores; slightly alkaline (pH 7.4); abrupt smooth boundary. (3 to 4 inches thick)
Bw--3 to 12 inches; brown (10YR 5/3) silty clay loam, brown (10YR 4/3) moist; moderate medium prismatic structure; very hard, firm, sticky and plastic; common very fine roots; many very fine pores; slightly effervescent; slightly alkaline (pH 7.8); clear smooth boundary. (7 to 11 inches thick)
Bk--12 to 21 inches; pale brown (10YR 6/3) silty clay loam, brown (10YR 4/3) moist; moderate medium prismatic structure parting to moderate medium subangular blocky hard, firm, sticky and plastic; common very fine roots; many very fine pores; few fine masses of lime; strongly effervescent; moderately alkaline (pH 8.4); clear smooth boundary. (3 to 10 inches thick)
By--21 to 46 inches; grayish brown (10YR 5/2) silty clay loam, dark grayish brown (10YR 4/2) moist; weak coarse prismatic structure; very hard, firm, sticky and plastic; few very fine roots; common very fine pores; few yellow (10YR 7/6) iron stains; common fine soft masses of gypsum; disseminated lime; strongly effervescent; moderately alkaline (pH 8.4); abrupt smooth boundary. (21 to 28 inches thick)
BC--46 to 52 inches; gray (10YR 5/1) silty clay loam, very dark gray (10YR 3/1) moist; massive; hard, firm, sticky and plastic; few very fine roots few very fine pores; common reddish yellow (7.5YR 6/6) iron stains; moderately acid (pH 6.0); clear smooth boundary. (0 to 24 inches thick)
Cr--52 to 60 inches; gray (10YR 5/1) semiconsolidated shale that crushes to silty clay loam; very dark gray (10YR 3/1) moist; very hard, very firm, sticky and plastic; few primary gypsum crystals; very strongly acid (pH 4.6).
TYPE LOCATION: Rosebud County, Montana; 1,800 feet west and 400 feet north of the SE corner of sec. 5 T. 11 N., R. 38 E.
RANGE IN CHARACTERISTICS:
Soil temperature - 43 to 47 degrees F.
Moisture control section - between 4 and 12 inches, dry in all parts of the moisture control section between four-tenths and five-tenths of the cumulative days per year when the soil temperature at a depth of 20 inches is 41 degrees F or higher.
Depth to By horizon - 13 to 24 inches.
Depth to shale - 40 to 60 inches.
Some pedons have a Byz horizon below the Bk horizon.
Soil phases - moderately wet with a water table between 3 and 5 feet; loamy substratum. These two phases will be correlated as new series when next used. The phase information is identified only on the SOI-5 for each phase and is not carried as part of the reclassification of this series.
A horizon - Hue: 10YR or 2.5Y
Value: 5 or 6 dry, 4 or 5 moist
Chroma: 2 or 3
Clay content: 30 to 45 percent
EC: 0 to 4 mmhos/cm
Reaction: pH 7.4 to 9.0
Bw horizon - Hue: 10YR or 2.5Y
Value: 5 or 6 dry, 4 or 5 moist
Chroma: 2 or 3
Texture: silty clay loam or silty clay
Clay content: 30 to 45 percent
EC: 0 to 4 mmhos/cm
Reaction: pH 7.4 to 9.0
Bk horizon - Hue: 10YR or 2.5Y
Value: 5 or 6 dry, 4 or 5 moist
Chroma: 2 or 3
Texture: silty clay loam or silty clay
Clay content: 35 to 45 percent
Calcium carbonate equivalent: 5 to 15 percent
EC: 4 to 8 mmhos/cm
SAR: 0 to 13
Reaction: pH 7.9 to 9.0
By horizon - Hue: 10YR, 2.5Y, or 5Y
Value: 5, 6, or 7 dry; 4 or 5 moist
Chroma: 2 or 3
Texture: silty clay loam or silty clay
Clay content: 30 to 45 percent
EC: 8 to 16 mmhos/cm
SAR: 8 to 30
Gypsum: 10 to 20
Reaction: pH 7.9 to 9.0
BC horizon - Hue: 10YR, 2.5Y, or 5Y
Value: 4, 5, 6, or 7 dry; 3, 4, or 5 moist
Chroma: 0, 1, or 2
Texture: silty clay loam, loam, or silty clay
Clay content: 35 to 50 percent
EC: 8 to 30 mmhos/cm
SAR: > 13
Gypsum: 1 to 5 percent
Reaction: pH 5.6 to 9.0
COMPETING SERIES:
Brunelda (MT) - does not have a paralithic contact above a depth of 60 inches.
Kobase (MT) - does not have a paralithic contact above a depth of 60 inches.
Megonot (MT) - does not have a gypsic horizon.
Nunemaker (MT) - does not have a paralithic contact above a depth of 60 inches.
Teigen (MT) - does not have a paralithic contact above a depth of 60 inches.
Welter (MT) - has an E horizon, does not have a gypsic horizon.
GEOGRAPHIC SETTING:
Landform - sedimentary plains; alluvial fans; stream terraces.
Elevations - 2,200 to 3,200 feet.
Slopes- 0 to 8 percent.
Parent material - residuum or alluvium derived from semiconsolidated shale.
Climate - cold, dry winters; moist springs; warm summers.
Mean annual precipitation - 10 to 14 inches.
Mean annual temperature - 41 to 45 degrees F.
Frost-free period - 110 to 135 days.
DRAINAGE AND PERMEABILITY: Well drained; slow permeability.
USE AND VEGETATION: These soils are used mainly as rangeland. The potential native vegetation is mainly western wheatgrass, thickspike wheatgrass, green needlegrass, and Nuttall saltbush.
DISTRIBUTION AND EXTENT: Zatoville soils are of moderate extent in southeastern Montana.
MLRA SOIL SURVEY REGIONAL OFFICE (MO) RESPONSIBLE: Denver, Colorado
SERIES ESTABLISHED: Rosebud County, Montana, 1985.
REMARKS: Soil interpretation records: MT0798.
Diagnostic horizons and features recognized in this pedon are: ochric epipedon - from the soil surface to 7 inches (A, Bw horizons); cambic horizon - from 3 to 12 inches (Bw horizon); accumulation of lime - from 12 to 21 inches (Bk horizon); gypsic horizon - from 21 to 46 inches (By horizon); particle size control section - from 10 to 40 inches (Bw, Bk, By horizons). Zatoville soils have a frigid temperature regime and an ustic moisture regime that borders on aridic.
ADDITIONAL INFORMATION: Laboratory data S79MT-087-543.