LOCATION ZOE                     NE

Established Series
Rev. LGR
01/2014

ZOE SERIES

The Zoe series consists of very deep, poorly drained soils that formed in silty and clayey alluvium that is high in sodium. These soils are on flood plains. Slopes range from 0 to 2 percent. Mean annual temperature is about 11 degrees C. (52 degrees F.), and mean annual precipitation is about 76 centimeters (30 inches) at the type location.

TAXONOMIC CLASS: Fine, smectitic, mesic Cumulic Vertic Endoaquolls

TYPICAL PEDON: Zoe clay loam - on slope less than 1 percent - cultivated. (Colors are for moist soil unless otherwise stated.)

Ap--0 to 20 centimeters (0 to 8 inches); very dark gray (10YR 3/1) silty clay loam, gray (10YR 5/1) dry; weak medium angular blocky structure; hard, firm, neutral; abrupt wavy boundary.

A1--20 to 28 centimeters (8 to 11 inches); black (10YR 2/1) silty clay loam, gray (10YR 5/1) dry; weak coarse angular blocky structure parting to moderate medium and fine angular blocky; hard, firm; sodium adsorption ratio = 9, electrical conductivity = 2; neutral; abrupt smooth boundary.

A2--28 to 41 centimeters (11 to 16 inches); black (10YR 2/1) silty clay loam, dark gray (10YR 4/1) dry; weak coarse platy structure parting to moderate fine angular blocky; hard, firm; sodium adsoption ratio = 13, electrical conductivity = 4; common uncoated or clean silt and sand grains on ped faces; neutral; clear smooth boundary.

Az--41 to 61 centimeters (16 to 24 inches); very dark gray (10YR 3/1) silty clay loam, dark gray (10YR 4/1) dry; weak coarse platy structure parting to moderate fine angular blocky; hard, firm; common medium distinct light colored threads of salt accumulations on ped faces; sodium adsorption ratio = 14, electrical conductivity = 7; slight effervescence; slightly alkaline; abrupt smooth boundary.

ACg--61 to 91 centimeters (24 to 36 inches); very dark grayish brown (2.5Y 3/2) silty clay, grayish brown (2.5Y 5/2) dry; weak coarse prismatic structure; very hard, very firm; common medium prominent yellowish brown (10YR 5/6) iron masses; sodium adsorption ratio = 22, electrical conductivity = 7; common fine iron-manganese concretions and common medium calcium carbonate concretions; slightly alkaline; gradual smooth boundary. (Combined thickness of the A horizon ranges from 66 to 102 centimeters (26 to 40 inches) thick)

Cg--91 to 152 centimeters (36 to 60 inches); dark grayish brown (2.5Y 4/2) silty clay, light brownish gray (2.5Y 6/2) dry; massive; very hard, very firm; many medium prominent yellowish brown (10YR 5/6) iron masses; sodium adsorption ratio= 31, electrical conductivity= 4; common fine iron manganese concretions and common medium and coarse calcium carbonate concretions; strong effervescence on calcium carbonate concretions; moderately alkaline.

TYPE LOCATION: Otoe County, Nebraska; about 10 kilometers (6 miles) south and 5 kilometers (3 miles) east of Syracuse; 329 meters (1080 feet) south and 253 meters (830 feet) west of northeast corner, sec. 24, T. 7 N., R. 11 E.

RANGE IN CHARACTERISTICS:
Thickness of the solum: 66 to 102 centimeters (26 to 40 inches)
Mollic epipedon: 66 to 102 centimeters (26 to 40 inches)
Depth to lime: 25 to 61 centimeters (10 to 24 inches)
Sodium adsorption ratio above 30 centimeters (12 inches): 4 to 10
Electrical conductivity: 1 to 3 mmhos/cm.
Sodium adsorption ratio below 30 centimeters (12 inches): 10 to 35
Electrical conductivity: 4 to 8 mmhos/cm.

A horizon:
Hue: 10YR or 2.5Y
Value: 2 or 3, 4 or 5 dry
Chroma: 0 to 2
Ap texture: clay loam, silty clay loam and less commonly loam
A horizon texture: silty clay loam or silty clay, 35 and 45 percent clay
Reaction: slightly acid to slightly alkaline

Cg horizon:
Hue: 10YR, 2.5Y, or 5Y
Value: 2 to 4, 5 or 6 dry
Chroma: 1 or 2
Redox features: few to many, fine and medium, and faint to prominent
Texture: silty clay, averaging 40 and 50 percent clay
Reaction: slightly alkaline to strongly alkaline

COMPETING SERIES: These are the Chehalem, Clamo, Derrynane, Okoboji, Peotone,
Rantoul, Shiloh, Wabash and Zook soils.
Clamo, Okoboji, Peotone and Zook soils contain less soluble salts and have a sodium adsorption ratio less than 13 in the series control section.
Chechalem soils have greater than 5 percent paragravel in the series control section and are in areas that have a mean annual precipitation range of 102 to 152 centimeters (40 to 60 inches).
Derrynane soils have a sand content of more than 30 percent in the lower one fourth of the series control section and have 2 to 8 percent rock fragments in the lower third of the series control section.
Rantoul and Wabash have a clay content of more than 45 percent in the particle-size control section.
Shiloh soils are in areas that have a mean annual precipitation range of 91 to 109 centimeters (36 to 43 inches).

GEOGRAPHIC SETTING:
Landscape: flood plains
Parent material: silty and clayey alluvium that is high in sodium
Slopes: 0 to 2 percent
Landform: lower part of the landscape commonly some distance from the main stream channel, in places dissected by channels because of stream straightening
Position: where salts have been or are accumulating from seepage or overflow
Mean annual precipitation: 71 to 89 centimeters (28 to 35 inches)
Mean annual temperature ranges from 11 to 14 degrees C. (51 to 57 degrees F.)

GEOGRAPHICALLY ASSOCIATED SOILS: These are the Colo, Lamo, Saltine and Wabash soils.
These soils are on similar positions as Zoe.
Colo, Lamo, Saltine and Wabash soils contain less salts and sodium throughout the solum.
Colo and Lamo soils are fine-silty.
Wabash soils contain more clay.
Saltine soils are fine-silty and lack a mollic epipedon.

DRAINAGE AND SATURATED HYDRAULIC CONDUCTIVITY:
Drainage: poorly drained
Saturated Hydraulic Conductivity: low
Seasonal high water table: 30 to 91 centimeters (1 to 3 feet), highest in winter and early spring
Soils commonly pond water: short duration
Flooding: occasionally

USE AND VEGETATION: Most of the acreage is cultivated.
Dryland crops are grain sorghum or wheat with small areas of irrigated corn.
Minor acreage is in grass.
Common grasses are switchgrass, wheatgrass and saltgrass.

DISTRIBUTION AND EXTENT: Eastern Nebraska. The series is not extensive.

MLRA SOIL SURVEY REGIONAL OFFICE (MO) RESPONSIBLE: Denver, Colorado

SERIES ESTABLISHED: Lancaster County, Nebraska, 1977.

REMARKS: Diagnostic horizons and other features recognized in this pedon are: Mollic epipedon: 0 to 91 centimeters (0 to 36 inches) (Ap, A1, A2, Az and Acg horizons)
Aquic conditions: saturation between 40 and 50 cm and directly below the mollic epipedon a matrix chroma of 2 and a hue of 2.5Y
Characteristics: vertic
Clay content: greater than 35 percent below the Ap horizon
Estimated linear extensibility: 6.0 cm or more in the upper 100 cm

ADDITIONAL DATA: Pedons sampled for NSSL:
S73NE-131-001,
S80NE-097-002,
S81NE-127-009 http://ssldata.sc.egov.usda.gov/rptExecute.asp?p=9125&r=1&submit1=Get+Report
S82NE-097-005.

Modified format by LRM in 3/2006 to include metric conversion and change permeability to saturated hydraulic conductivity.

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National Cooperative Soil Survey
U.S.A.