LOCATION ANTHONY AZ+NM TXEstablished Series
TAXONOMIC CLASS: Coarse-loamy, mixed, superactive, calcareous, thermic Typic Torrifluvents
TYPICAL PEDON: Anthony sandy loam - rangeland. (Colors are for dry soil unless otherwise noted.)
A--0 to 2 inches; brown (10YR 5/3) sandy loam, brown (10YR 4/3) moist; weak medium platy structure; soft, very friable, nonsticky and nonplastic; few very fine roots; few fine irregular pores; slightly effervescent; moderately alkaline (pH 8.0); abrupt smooth boundary. (1 to 8 inches thick)
C1--2 to 30 inches; pale brown (10YR 6/3) fine sandy loam, brown (10YR 4/3) moist; massive; slightly hard, very friable, nonsticky and slightly plastic; few fine and medium and common very fine roots; few very fine tubular pores; strongly effervescent; moderately alkaline (pH 8.0); gradual wavy boundary. (20 to 30 inches thick)
C2--30 to 46 inches; brown (10YR 5/3) sandy loam, brown (10YR 4/3) moist; massive; slightly hard, friable, nonsticky and slightly plastic; few very fine roots; few very fine tubular pores; few fine gravel; strongly effervescent; moderately alkaline (pH 8.0); clear wavy boundary. (12 to 22 inches thick)
C3--46 to 60 inches; brown (10YR 5/3) very gravelly sandy loam, brown (10YR 4/3) moist; massive; slightly hard, friable, nonsticky and slightly plastic; few very fine roots; few very fine tubular pores; 50 percent gravel; strongly effervescent; moderately alkaline (pH 8.0).
TYPE LOCATION: Graham County, Arizona; 9 miles east of Safford; 900 feet north and 1,600 feet west of the southeast corner of sec. 2, T. 7 S., R. 27 E; latitude 32 degrees, 50 minutes, 52 seconds N., longitude 109 degrees, 33 minutes, 1 second W.
RANGE IN CHARACTERISTICS:
Soil moisture - Intermittently moist in the soil moisture control section during December-January and for more than 20 days cumulative during July-August. Driest during May and June. Typic aridic soil moisture regime.
Soil temperature - 59 to 72 degrees F.
Rock fragments - 5 to 35 percent gravel in the control section
Organic matter - Less than 1 percent that decreases irregularly with depth
Reaction - Neutral to strongly alkaline
Stratification- Usually thin strata of finer or coarser material
A horizon
Hue: 10YR, 7.5YR
Value: 3 through 7 dry, 3 through 6 moist
Chroma: 2 through 4, dry or moist
Calcium carbonate: None to strongly effervescent
C horizon
Hue: 10YR, 7.5YR
Value: 3 through 7 dry, 3 through 6 moist
Chroma: 2 through 6, dry or moist
Texture: sandy loam, coarse sandy loam, fine sandy loam, containing more than 15 percent medium, coarse and very coarse sand
Calcium carbonate: slightly or strongly effervescent as disseminated or accumulations as filaments
COMPETING SERIES: These are the Excelsior (CA), Gila (AZ), Grabe (AZ), Ireteba (NV), Junction (UT), Popson (I) (CA), Rucker (AZ), Tobler (UT) and Victorville (CA) series. Gila and Grabe soils are loam, silt loam, or very fine sandy loam with less than 15 percent medium or coarser sand in the control section. Rucker soils contain more than 1 percent organic matter in the surface. Popson soils are inactive. Excelsior, Ireteba, Junction, Victorville, and Tobler soils are in the Mohave Desert and are moist in some part of the soil moisture control section for less than 20 days cumulative between July and September.
GEOGRAPHIC SETTING: Anthony soils are on alluvial fans and floodplains. Elevations range from 1400 to 4800 feet. Slopes range from 0 to 15 percent. These soils formed in stratified alluvium from mixed sources. The mean annual precipitation is 4 to 12 inches, occurring as summer thunderstorms and gentle winter rain. The mean annual air temperature is 57 to 70 degrees F. Frost-free period is 180 to 275 days.
GEOGRAPHICALLY ASSOCIATED SOILS: These are the Queencreek, Brazito, Glendale, and Hantz soils. Queencreek soils are sandy-skeletal. Brazito soils are sandy. Glendale soils are fine-silty. Guest soils are fine textured.
DRAINAGE AND PERMEABILITY: Well drained. Permeability is moderately rapid. Runoff is negligible on slopes less than 3 percent, very low on 3 to 5 percent slopes, low on 5 to 10 percent slopes, and medium on 10 to 15 percent slopes.
USE AND VEGETATION: These soils are used for livestock grazing, wildlife habitat and irrigated cropland. Vegetation is creosotebush, bursage, cacti, palo verde, bush muhly, spike dropseed, Pima pappusgrass, fourwing saltbush and annual forbs and grasses. Irrigated crops are cotton and alfalfa.
DISTRIBUTION AND EXTENT: Southern Arizona, southern New Mexico, and west Texas. The Anthony series is extensive. Total extent is about 184,000 acres. This soil occurs in LRR-D, MLRAs 40, 41, and 42.
MLRA SOIL SURVEY REGIONAL OFFICE (MO) RESPONSIBLE: Phoenix, Arizona
SERIES ESTABLISHED: Mesilla Valley, New Mexico; 1912.
REMARKS: Diagnostic horizons and features recognized in this pedon are:
Ochric epipedon - The zone from 0 to 2 inches (A horizon)
Entisol feature - The absence of diagnostic subsurface horizons
Fluvial feature - Irregular decrease in organic carbon in the zone from 2 to 60 inches (C1, C2, C3 horizons)
Classified according to Soil Taxonomy, Second Edition, 1999; Keys to Soil Taxonomy, Tenth Edition, 2006
Revised for the correlation of AZ675, 5/2009, WWJ