LOCATION ARKPORT NY+MI OH
Established Series
Rev. MGC-SWA
03/2013
ARKPORT SERIES
The Arkport series consist of very deep, well drained soils formed in glacio-fluvial deposits having a high content of fine and very fine sand. These soils have thin horizontal bands of loamy material in the subsoil. Saturated hydraulic conductivity is high throughout the mineral soil. Slope ranges from 0 to 60 percent. The mean annual temperature is 48 degrees F. and the mean precipitation is about 38 inches.
TAXONOMIC CLASS: Coarse-loamy, mixed, active, mesic Lamellic Hapludalfs
TYPICAL PEDON: Arkport very fine sandy loam on a 5 percent slope in a cultivated field. (Colors are for moist soil unless otherwise noted).
Ap -- 0 to 9 inches; brown (7.5YR 4/2) very fine sandy loam; weak fine granular structure; very friable; few medium and common fine roots; 1 percent very fine pebbles; moderately acid; abrupt smooth boundary. (7 to 12 inches thick.)
BE1 -- 9 to 15 inches; brown (7.5YR 5/4) very fine sandy loam; weak fine granular structure; friable; common medium roots; many fine pores; moderately acid; gradual wavy boundary.
BE2 -- 15 to 28 inches; brown (7.5YR 5/4) loamy very fine sand in intricate pattern with brown (7.5YR 5/2) clean very fine sand and few reddish brown (5YR 4/3) very fine sandy loam lamellae 1/16 inch thick and 3 to 6 inches long; massive; very friable; common fine and few medium roots; strongly acid; abrupt wavy boundary. (Combined thickness of the BE horizons is 0 to 23 inches thick.)
E and Bt1 -- 28 to 45 inches; light reddish brown (5YR 6/3) very fine sand E material; massive; very friable; reddish brown (5YR 5/4) very fine sandy loam Bt material as lamellae 1/16 to 4 inches thick that total 6 inches in thickness; massive; firm; few medium roots; strongly acid; abrupt wavy boundary.
E and Bt2 -- 45 to 58 inches; light reddish brown (5YR 6/3) loamy fine sand intricately patterned with reddish brown (5YR 4/4) wavy, branching, crudely horizontal lamellae 1/16 to 1/2 inch thick that total 1 1/2 inches in thickness; massive; very friable; lamellae are firm and slightly plastic; few roots; strongly acid; abrupt wavy boundary.
E and Bt3 -- 58 to 92 inches; pinkish gray (5YR 6/2) loamy fine sand patterned with dark reddish brown (5YR 3/4) fine sandy loam, thin, wavy, horizontal, branching lamellae that total 1 inch in thickness and by reddish brown (5YR 4/4) very fine sandy loam 1/2 inch thick lamellae that total 4 inches in thickness; massive; very friable and friable; few roots in upper part; moderately acid; clear wavy boundary. (Combined thickness of the E and Bt horizons is 15 to 70 inches.)
C -- 92 to 106 inches; pinkish gray (5YR 6/2) fine sand; single grain; loose; slightly acid.
TYPE LOCATION: Orleans County, New York; 1/4 mile south of intersection of Highway 31 and Rich's Road; 2 miles east of Albion; 60 feet north and 90 feet west of southwest corner of small cemetery west of Keitall Road. USGS Albion, NY topographic quadrangle; Latitude 43 degrees, 14 minutes, 18 seconds N. and Longitude 78 degrees, 21 minutes, 46 seconds W., NAD 1927.
RANGE IN CHARACTERISTICS: Solum thickness ranges from 40 to 100 inches. Depth to bedrock is greater than 60 inches. Depth to carbonates ranges from 36 to more than 120 inches. Depth to the uppermost lamellae ranges from 9 to 30 inches. Very fine sand plus silt ranges from 30 to 80 percent, and fine sand and coarser is greater than 15 percent throughout the soil. Rock fragments are usually absent but can range up to 10 percent.
The Ap horizon has hue of 10YR through 7.5YR, value of 3 through 5, and chroma of 2 or 3. Texture is loamy fine sand, fine sand, loamy very fine sand, very fine sandy loam, fine sandy loam, sandy loam or silt loam. It has weak or moderate, fine to coarse granular structure and is very friable or friable. Reaction ranges from very strongly acid through neutral. Wooded or uncultivated areas have an A horizon 1 to 4 inches thick with hue of 10YR or 7.5YR, value of 2 or 3, and chroma of 1 or 2.
The BE horizon has hue of 10YR through 5YR, value of 4 through 6, and chroma of 3 through 8. Texture is loamy fine sand, very fine sand, loamy very fine sand, fine sandy loam, or very fine sandy loam. The horizon is massive or single grain or has very weak or weak, fine or medium, granular or subangular blocky structure. It is loose to friable. Reaction ranges from very strongly acid through neutral. Some pedons have a Bw or E horizon in place of the BE horizon.
The E part of the E and Bt horizon has hue of 2.5Y through 5YR, value of 4 through 7 and chroma of 2 through 4. Texture is fine sand to loamy very fine sand. It is structureless or has weak or very weak granular or subangular blocky structure and is loose to very friable. The Bt part of the E and Bt horizon has hue of 5YR through 10YR, value of 3 through 5, and chroma of 2 through 6. Texture is silt loam or very fine sandy loam to loamy fine sand. It is massive or it has weak fine or medium blocky or platy structure, and is friable or firm. The E and Bt horizons range from strongly acid through neutral.
The C horizon has hue of 5YR through 10YR, value of 4 through 6 and chroma of 2 through 4. Texture is sand, loamy sand, fine sand, loamy fine sand, very fine sand or loamy very fine sand. It is massive or single grain with loose to friable consistence. Some pedons have thin layers of coarse silt. It ranges from moderately acid through moderately alkaline.
COMPETING SERIES: There are no other series in the same family.
The
Amboy,
Colonie and
Galen soils are in similar families. Amboy soils contain more silt, and Colonie soils formed in coarser sandy deposits and contain less silt and clay than Arkport. Galen soils have redoximorphic concentrations in the upper part of the subsoil.
GEOGRAPHIC SETTING: The Arkport soils are nearly level to steep soils on the tops and sides of glacial deltas and glacio-fluvial sand plains, and on dunes and beach ridges. Slope ranges from 0 to 60 percent. The soil formed in water-sorted deposits having a high content of fine and very fine sand. The climate is humid and cool temperate. Mean annual precipitation ranges from 28 to 40 inches. Mean annual temperature ranges from 46 to 50 degrees F. The frost-free period ranges from 140 to 200 days. Elevation ranges from 300 to 900 feet above sea level.
GEOGRAPHICALLY ASSOCIATED SOILS: These are the
Amboy,
Collamer,
Colonie,
Dunkirk,
Elnora,
Galen,
Howard,
Lamson,
Minoa,
Niagara,
Palmyra,
Stafford,
Wallington, and
Williamson soils. Amboy, Wallington, and Williamson soils formed in nearby coarse-silty lake deposits. Collamer, Dunkirk, and Niagara soils formed in fine-silty lake deposits. Colonie, Elnora, and Stafford soils formed in sandy deposits lower in silt and clay content than Arkport soils. Galen, Minoa, and Lamson soils are in a drainage sequence with Arkport soils and are in lower lying landscape positions. Howard and Palmyra soils are on nearby glacial outwash terraces that are gravelly.
DRAINAGE AND SATURATED HYDRAULIC CONDUCTIVITY: Well drained. The potential for surface runoff is low to high. Saturated hydraulic conductivity is high throughout the mineral soil.
USE AND VEGETATION: Most of the acreage is cultivated. The dominant crops are corn, hay, and small grains but vegetable crops and deciduous fruits are prominent in many places. Some areas remain in woodlots of sugar maple, red oak, and American beech.
DISTRIBUTION AND EXTENT: New York, Michigan, and Ohio. MLRA's 96, 98, 99, 101, 139, and 140. The Arkport series is of large extent.
MLRA SOIL SURVEY REGIONAL OFFICE (MO) RESPONSIBLE: Amherst, Massachusetts
SERIES ESTABLISHED: Steuben County, New York, 1931.
REMARKS: Diagnostic horizons and other features recognized in the typical pedon:
1) Ochric Epipedon - from 0 to 9 inches (Ap horizon).
2) Argillic horizon - thin horizontal lamellae totaling more than 6 inches in thickness from 28 to 80 inches (E and Bt horizons).
National Cooperative Soil Survey
U.S.A.