LOCATION BRAVO OR
Established Series
Rev. MHF/GLG/RWL
06/2011
BRAVO SERIES
The Bravo series consists of moderately deep, well drained soils that formed in colluvium and residuum from metasedimentary or metavolcanic rock types. Bravo soils are on side slopes of mountains and have slopes of 30 to 90 percent. The mean annual precipitation is about 110 inches and the mean annual temperature is about 49 degrees F.
TAXONOMIC CLASS: Fine-loamy, isotic, mesic Humic Dystrudepts
TYPICAL PEDON: Bravo loam - woodland, on a 35 percent southwest-facing slope at 2,000 feet elevation. (When described on May 12, 1986, the soil was moist throughout. Colors are for moist soil unless otherwise noted.)
Oi--0 to 1 inch; slightly decomposed needles, leaves, twigs, and woody materials.
A1--1 to 4 inches; very dark grayish brown (10YR 3/2) loam, grayish brown (10YR 5/2) dry; strong fine granular structure; slightly hard, friable, slightly sticky and slightly plastic; many fine and very fine roots; many fine and very fine irregular pores; 10 percent gravel; very strongly acid (pH 5.0); abrupt smooth boundary.
A2--4 to 10 inches; dark brown (10YR 3/3) loam, brown (10YR 5/3) dry; strong very fine subangular blocky structure; slightly hard, friable, slightly sticky and slightly plastic; many fine and very fine roots; many fine and very fine continuous tubular pores; 10 percent gravel; very strongly acid (pH 4.8); clear smooth boundary. (A horizon thickness ranges from 7 to 9 inches)
Bw1--10 to 22 inches; brown (10YR 4/3) clay loam, light yellowish brown (10YR 6/4) dry; moderate fine subangular blocky structure; slightly hard, friable, slightly sticky and slightly plastic; many fine and very fine roots; many fine and very fine continuous tubular pores; 10 percent gravel; very strongly acid (pH 4.8); clear smooth boundary.
Bw2--22 to 32 inches; dark yellowish brown (10YR 4/4) gravelly clay loam, light brown (7.5YR 6/4) dry; moderate fine subangular blocky structure; slightly hard, friable, slightly sticky and slightly plastic; common fine and very fine roots; many very fine and fine continuous tubular pores; 20 percent gravel and 5 percent cobbles; very strongly acid (pH 4.6); clear smooth boundary. (Bw horizon thickness ranges from 10 to 22 inches)
C--32 to 37 inches; brown (7.5YR 5/4) gravelly clay loam, light brown (7.5YR 6/4) dry; massive; slightly hard, friable, slightly sticky and slightly plastic; few fine and very fine roots; many fine and very fine continuous tubular pores; 25 percent gravel and 5 percent cobbles; very strongly acid (pH 4.6); abrupt wavy boundary. (3 to 10 inches thick)
R--37 inches; hard metasedimentary rock.
TYPE LOCATION: Curry County, Oregon; located about 1,050 feet south and 1,100 feet east of the northwest corner of section 17, T. 39 S., R. 13 W., WM. (Latitude 42 degrees, 12 minutes, 6 seconds N.; Longitude 124 degrees, 16 minutes, 26 seconds W.)
RANGE IN CHARACTERISTICS: The mean annual soil temperature is 47 to 54 degrees F. The soils are usually moist and are dry for less than 45 consecutive days in all parts between depths of 4 and 12 inches in the four months following the summer solstice. The particle-size control section averages 25 to 35 percent clay and 15 to 30 percent rock fragments. The solum is 20 to 31 inches thick. Depth to a lithic contact is 20 to 40 inches. Hue is 10YR or 7.5YR.
The A horizon has value of 2 or 3 moist, 4 or 5 dry and chroma of 2 or 3 moist and dry. It is loam with 15 to 25 percent clay. It has 0 to 15 percent gravel.
The Bw horizon has value of 4 or 5 moist, 5 to 7 dry and chroma of 3 or 4 moist and dry. It is clay loam, loam, or gravelly clay loam with 20 to 35 percent clay. It has 5 to 20 percent gravel and 0 to 10 percent cobbles.
The C horizon has value of 5 to 7 moist and dry and chroma of 3 or 4 moist and dry. It is gravelly loam or gravelly clay loam with 25 to 35 percent clay. It has 15 to 30 percent gravel and 0 to 5 percent cobbles.
COMPETING SERIES: These are the
Fritsland,
Huntdale,
Irma,
Kimper,
Scaponia, and
Whiteoak series. Fritsland soils are 40 to 60 inches deep to bedrock. Huntdale, Irma, and Whiteoak soils are greater than 60 inches deep to bedrock. In addition, Irma soils have channer and flagstone-shaped rock fragments in the particle-size control section. Kemper soils are 48 to over 100 inches deep to bedrock. Scaponia soils have more than 35 percent soft rock fragments in the Bw horizon and are 40 to 60 inches deep to a paralithic contact.
GEOGRAPHIC SETTING: Bravo soils are on metastable and active side slopes of mountains. Slopes are 30 to 90 percent. The soils formed in colluvium and residuum derived from metasedimentary or metavolcanic rock types of the Dothan Formation. Elevation is 200 to 3,000 feet. The climate is characterized by warm wet winters and hot moist summers. The mean annual precipitation is 90 to 130 inches. The mean annual temperature is 45 to 53 degrees F. The frost-free period is 120 to 210 days.
GEOGRAPHICALLY ASSOCIATED SOILS: These are the
Averlande,
Cassiday,
Colepoint,
Crutchfield,
Fritsland,
Grouslous,
Hazelcamp, and
Skookumhouse soils. Averlande, Cassiday, Colepoint, Crutchfield, Fritsland, Hazelcamp, and Skookumhouse soils occur on broad ridgetops, benches, or side slopes of mountains. Averlande soils are 10 to 20 inches deep to bedrock have argillic horizons, and are loamy-skeletal. Cassiday soils are loamy-skeletal. Colepoint soils are 40 to 60 inches deep to bedrock and have an umbric epipedon 14 to 20 inches thick. Crutchfield soils have an umbric epipedon 10 to 20 inches thick. Fritsland soils are 40 to 60 inches deep to bedrock. Grouslous soils occur on steep side slopes of mountains, are 10 to 20 inches deep to bedrock, and are loamy-skeletal. Hazelcamp and Skookumhouse soils have argillic horizons, are clayey, and have a paralithic contact.
DRAINAGE AND PERMEABILITY: Well drained; moderately slow permeability.
USE AND VEGETATION: The soils are mainly used for timber production, watershed, recreation, and wildlife habitat. The native vegetation is Douglas fir, western hemlock, red alder, tanoak, Pacific madrone, canyon live oak, Pacific rhododendron, salal, hairy manzanita, western swordfern, evergreen huckleberry, western brackenfern, cascade Oregongrape, common beargrass, baldhip rose, and evergreen violet.
DISTRIBUTION AND EXTENT: Mountainous areas in southwestern Oregon; MLRA 1. The series is moderately extensive.
MLRA SOIL SURVEY REGIONAL OFFICE (MO) RESPONSIBLE: Portland, Oregon
SERIES ESTABLISHED: Curry County, Oregon; 1995.
REMARKS: Diagnostic horizons and features recognized in this pedon include:
Ochric epipedon
Humic subgroup - color requirement is meet from 1 to 10 inches
Cambic horizon - from a depth of 10 to 32 inches (Bw1, Bw2 horizons).
Particle-size control section - from 11 to 37 inches (part of Bw1 horizon and the Bw2, and C horizons) with a weighted average of 20 percent rock fragments.
National Cooperative Soil Survey
U.S.A.