LOCATION CRUTCHFIELD OR
Established Series
Rev. RTS/MHF/RWL
06/2011
CRUTCHFIELD SERIES
The Crutchfield series consists of moderately deep, well drained soils formed in colluvium from metasedimentary or metavolcanic rock types. Crutchfield soils are on broad ridgetops, benches, and side slopes of mountains. Slopes are 0 to 60 percent. The mean annual precipitation is about 110 inches and the mean annual temperature is about 49 degrees F.
TAXONOMIC CLASS: Fine-loamy, isotic, mesic Typic Humudepts
TYPICAL PEDON: Crutchfield loam - woodland, on a 20 percent northeast-facing slope at 1600 feet elevation. (Colors are for moist soil unless otherwise noted.)
Oi--0 to 1 inch; slightly decomposed needles, leaves, twigs, and woody materials.
A1--1 to 6 inches; very dark brown (10YR 2/2) loam, dark grayish brown (10YR 4/2) dry; strong fine granular structure; slightly hard, friable, slightly sticky and slightly plastic; many fine and very fine roots; many fine and very fine irregular pores; 10 percent gravel; very strongly acid (pH 5.0); clear smooth boundary.
A2--6 to 11 inches; very dark grayish brown (10YR 3/2) clay loam, dark grayish brown (10YR 4/2) dry; strong medium granular structure; hard, firm, moderately sticky and moderately plastic; many fine and very fine roots; many very fine irregular pores; 10 percent gravel; very strongly acid (pH 5.0); clear smooth boundary.
A3--11 to 17 inches; dark brown (10YR 3/3) clay loam, brown (10YR 5/3) dry; moderate very fine subangular blocky structure; hard, firm, moderately sticky and moderately plastic; many fine roots; many very fine tubular pores; 10 percent gravel; strongly acid (pH 5.2); clear smooth boundary. (Combined thickness of the A horizon ranges from 10 to 16 inches)
Bw1--17 to 24 inches; brown (10YR 4/3) gravelly clay loam, brown (10YR 5/3) dry; moderate very fine subangular blocky structure; hard, firm, moderately sticky and moderately plastic; common fine roots; many fine tubular pores; 15 percent gravel; strongly acid (pH 5.5); clear smooth boundary.
Bw2--24 to 34 inches; dark yellowish brown (10YR 4/4) gravelly clay loam, light yellowish brown (10YR 6/4) dry; moderate very fine subangular blocky structure; hard, firm, moderately sticky and moderately plastic; common fine roots; many very fine tubular pores; 20 percent gravel and 5 percent cobbles; strongly acid (pH 5.3); clear smooth boundary.
Bw3--34 to 39 inches; dark yellowish brown (10YR 4/4) gravelly clay loam, light yellowish brown (10YR 6/4) dry; weak very fine subangular blocky structure; hard, firm, moderately sticky and moderately plastic; few fine roots; many very fine tubular pores; 20 percent gravel and 10 percent cobbles; strongly acid (pH 5.3); clear smooth boundary. (Combined thickness of the Bw horizon ranges from 10 to 23 inches)
R--39 inches; hard metasedimentary rock.
TYPE LOCATION: Curry County, Oregon; located about 1,800 feet south and 1,650 feet west of the northeast corner of section 23, T. 39 S., R. 14 W., W.M. (Latitude 42 degrees, 11 minutes, 18 seconds N.; Longitude 124 degrees, 19 minutes, 24 seconds W.)
RANGE IN CHARACTERISTICS: The mean annual soil temperature is 47 to 54 degrees F. The soils are usually moist but are dry in all parts of the moisture control section for less than 45 consecutive days between depths of 4 and 12 inches in the four months following the summer solstice. The particle-size control section averages 25 to 35 percent clay and 20 to 35 percent rock fragments. The umbric epipedon is 10 to 20 inches thick and may include the upper part of the Bw horizon. Depth to bedrock and solum thickness is 20 to 40 inches. The soil reaction is very strongly or strongly acid throughout.
The A horizon has value of 2 or 3 moist, 4 or 5 dry and chroma of 2 or 3 moist and dry. The A1 horizon has 15 to 20 percent clay and 0 to 10 percent gravel. The A2 and A3 horizon is loam, clay loam, or gravelly clay loam with 20 to 30 percent clay. It has 10 to 25 percent gravel.
The Bw horizon has hue of 10YR, 7.5YR or 2.5Y, value of 3 or 4 moist, 5 to 7 dry and chroma of 3 or 4 moist and dry. It is gravelly loam or gravelly clay loam with 25 to 35 percent clay. It has 15 to 25 percent gravel and 0 to 10 percent cobbles.
COMPETING SERIES: These are the
Barbourville,
Colepoint,
Cutshin,
Horeb,
Meda,
Molalla,
Stevenson,
Threeforks, and
Tuckasegee series. Barbourville soils are more than 50 inches deep to bedrock and have a mean annual soil temperature of 54 degrees F. Colepoint soils are 40 to 60 inches deep to a lithic contact. Cutshin soils are 40 to more than 60 inches deep to bedrock and have a mean annual soil temperature of 54 degrees F. Horeb soils are more than 60 inches deep to bedrock and have mottles with chroma of 2 through 6 at depths of 24 to 36 inches. Meda soils are more than 60 inches deep to bedrock. Molalla soils are 40 to 60 inches deep to a paralithic contact and have hue of 5YR or redder throughout the profile. Stevenson soils are more than 60 inches deep to bedrock and have less than 15 percent rock fragments in the control section. Tuckasegee and Threeforks soils are more than 60 inches deep to bedrock.
GEOGRAPHIC SETTING: The Crutchfield soils are on stable to metastable broad ridgetops, benches, and side slopes of forested mountains. Slopes are 0 to 60 percent. The soils formed in colluvium and residuum derived from metasedimentary or metavolcanic rock types of the Dothan Formation. Elevation is 200 to 3,000 feet. The climate is characterized by warm wet winters and hot moist summers. The mean annual precipitation is 90 to 130 inches. The mean annual temperature is 45 to 53 degrees F. The frost-free period is 120 to 210 days.
GEOGRAPHICALLY ASSOCIATED SOILS: These are the
Averlande,
Bravo,
Cassiday,
Colepoint,
Fritsland,
Grouslous,
Hazelcamp and
Skookumhouse soils. Averlande, Bravo, Cassiday, Colebrook, Fritsland, Hazelcamp, and Skookumhouse soils occur on broad ridgetops, benches, or side slopes of forested mountains. Averlande, Hazelcamp, and Skookumhouse soils have argillic horizons. Averlande soils are 10 to 20 inches deep to bedrock and loamy-skeletal. Hazelcamp and Skookumhouse soils are clayey and have a paralithic contact. Bravo soils have an ochric epipedon. Cassiday soils are loamy-skeletal and have an ochric epipedon. Colepoint soils are 40 to 60 inches deep to bedrock and have an umbric epipedon 14 to 20 inches thick. Fritsland soils are 40 to 60 inches deep to bedrock and have an ochric epipedon. Grouslous soils occur on steep side slopes of forested mountains, are 10 to 20 inches deep to bedrock, and are loamy-skeletal.
DRAINAGE AND PERMEABILITY: Well drained; moderately slow permeability.
USE AND VEGETATION: The soils are mainly used for timber production, homesite development, watershed, recreation and wildlife habitat. The native vegetation is Douglas-fir, tanoak, Pacific madrone, bigleaf maple, red alder, canyon live oak, common beargrass, cascara buckthorn, western swordfern, evergreen huckleberry, salal, Pacific rhododendron, western brackenfern, hairy manzanita, cascade Oregongrape and sweetscented bedstraw.
DISTRIBUTION AND EXTENT: Mountainous areas of southwestern Oregon; MLRA 1. The series is not extensive.
MLRA SOIL SURVEY REGIONAL OFFICE (MO) RESPONSIBLE: Portland, Oregon
SERIES ESTABLISHED: Curry County, Oregon, 1995.
REMARKS: Diagnostic horizons and features recognized in this pedon include:
Umbric epipedon - from 1 to 17 inches (A1, A2 and A3 horizons).
Cambic horizon - from a depth of 17 to 39 inches (Bw1, Bw2, and Bw3 horizons).
Particle-size control section - from 11 to 39 inches (A3, Bw1, Bw2 and Bw3 horizons)
ADDITIONAL DATA: Reference samples from pedon 88P 144, samples 88P792-794 from Curry County, Oregon sampled by NSSL at Lincoln, Nebraska - 6/88.
National Cooperative Soil Survey
U.S.A.