LOCATION BYLER TNEstablished Series
TAXONOMIC CLASS: Fine-silty, siliceous, semiactive, thermic Oxyaquic Fragiudalfs
TYPICAL PEDON: Byler silt loam - pasture. (Colors are for moist soil unless otherwise stated.)
Ap--0 to 8 inches; brown (10YR 4/3) silt loam; weak fine granular structure; very friable; many fine roots; few fine black (10YR 2/1) manganese concretions; strongly acid; abrupt smooth boundary. (5 to 12 inches thick)
BA--8 to 16 inches; brown (7.5YR 4/4) silt loam; weak medium subangular blocky structure; friable; few fine roots; common fine black ((10YR 2/1) manganese concretions; few fine and medium distinct yellowish brown (10YR 5/6) and yellowish brown (10YR 5/4) masses as iron accumulation; strongly acid; clear smooth boundary. (4 to 12 inches thick)
Bt--16 to 25 inches; yellowish brown (10YR 5/4) silt loam; moderate medium subangular blocky structure; friable; common fine roots; few fine distinct brown (10YR 5/3) clay films on faces of peds; many fine prominent reddish brown (5YR 5/4) stains on faces of peds; few fine and medium black (10YR 2/1) manganese concretions; strongly acid; clear wavy boundary. (6 to 15 inches thick)
Btx1--25 to 34 inches; pale brown (10YR 6/3) silt loam; weak very coarse prismatic structure parting to weak medium subangular blocky; firm; few fine roots in vertical seams between prisms; few fine faint yellowish brown (10YR 5/4) clay films on prism faces and on secondary peds; common medium and coarse light gray (10YR 7/1) silt loam coatings on faces of prisms and as vertical seams; common fine and medium black (10YR 2/1) and dark reddish brown (5YR 3/3) manganese and iron concretions in interior of prisms and few fine black (10YR 2/1) manganese concretions in vertical seams; common fine and medium prominent strong brown (7.5YR 5/6) and common fine distinct yellowish brown (10YR 5/6) masses as iron accumulation; brittle in 80 percent of the mass; strongly acid; gradual smooth boundary.
Btx2--34 to 46 inches; light brownish gray (10YR 6/2) silty clay loam; weak very coarse prismatic structure parting to weak subangular blocky; firm; few very fine roots in vertical seams between prisms; few faint gray (10YR 6/1) clay films on prism faces and on secondary peds; common medium and coarse light gray (10YR 7/1)and very pale brown (10YR 7/3) silt loam coatings on prism faces and as vertical seams;few fine distinct black (10YR 2/1) manganese stains on faces of some peds; common fine and medium distinct light olive brown (2.5Y 5/6), and few fine prominent strong brown (7.5YR 5/6) and red (2.5YR 4/6) masses as iron accumulations; brittle in 80 percent of the mass; strongly acid; clear wavy boundary. (Thickness of the Btx horizon ranges from 14 to 36 inches)
2Bt--46 to 65 inches; 25 percent yellowish brown (10YR 5/6), 25 percent gray (10YR 6/1), 25 percent yellowish red (5YR 4/6), and 25 percent light olive brown (2.5Y 5/6) clay; weak medium and coarse angular blocky structure; very firm, moderately sticky, moderately plastic; common distinct and prominent strong brown (7.5YR 5/6) clay films on faces of peds and in pores; many medium and large black (10YR 2/1) manganese concretions; moderately acid.
TYPE LOCATION: Rutherford County, Tennessee; 0.5 mile north of intersection of State Highway 96 and north Tennessee Boulevard; 150 feet west of Tennessee Boulevard and 300 feet north of St. Rose of Lima School.
RANGE IN CHARACTERISTICS: Depth to bedrock is greater than 60 inches. Thickness of the silty mantle over clayey limestone residuum ranges from about 3 to 6 feet. Fragments chert and rounded gravel range from 0 to 5 percent in the A and Bt horizons, 0 to 20 percent in the Btx horizon, and 0 to 35 percent in the 2Bt horizon. Depth to the fragipan ranges from 18 to 34 inches. Reaction is strongly acid or moderately acid.
The A and Ap horizon have hue of 10YR, value of 4 or 5, and chroma of 2 through 4. Texture is silt loam.
Most pedons have a transitional horizon between the A and Bt horizons.
The Bt horizon has hue of 7.5YR or 10YR, value of 4 or 5, and chroma of 4 or 6. Few to common redoximorphic features are in shades of brown; some pedons have redox features in shades of gray in the lower 2 to 5 inches. Texture is silt loam or silty clay loam.
The Btx horizon has hue of 10YR or 2.5Y, value of 5 or 6, and chroma of 2 to 6. Redoximorphic features range from few to many and are in shades of yellow, brown and gray, or it is an evenly mottled pattern without a dominant matrix color. Texture is silty clay loam or silt loam.
The 2Bt horizon has colors similar to the Bx horizon, except some pedons may have dominate hue of 7.5YR or 5YR. Texture is clay, silty clay, and rarely silty clay loam or their gravelly analogs.
COMPETING SERIES: The Byler series is the only one in the family. Series in similiar families are the Bussy, Libuse, Dulac, Loring and Providence series. The Bussy and Libuse soils lack a clayey 2Bt horizon within the series control section and in addition the Libuse soils are over coastal plain sediments. The Dulac, Loring and Providence soils have more than 10 percent weatherable minerals in the silt and sand fractions.
GEOGRAPHIC SETTING: The Byler soils are on nearly level to undulating stream terraces of the Nashville Basin and adjacent drainage systems. Slopes are 0 to 12 percent. These soils formed in silty alluvium and the underlying clayey residuum of limestone. Near the type location, the mean annual temperature is about 58.1 degrees F., and the mean annual precipitation is about 53.1 inches.
GEOGRAPHICALLY ASSOCIATED SOILS: These are the Almaville, Armour, Capshaw, Tupelo, Nesbitt, and Woodmont soils. Almaville soils are poorly drained and Woodmont soils are somewhat poorly drained and both are in slightly lower landscape positions. Nesbitt soils do not have a fragipan. The Armour soils do not have a fragipan and are well drained. Capshaw and Tupelo do not have a fragipan and are fine textured.
DRAINAGE AND PERMEABILITY: Moderately well drained. Medium to slow runoff. Moderate permeability above the fragipan and slow to very slow permeability in the fragipan.
USE AND VEGETATION: Most of the soil has been cleared and is used for growning pasture, hay, soybeans, small grain, grain sorghum, and silage crops. A small acreage is in forest dominantly hickory, oak, hackberry, red cedar, and elm.
DISTRIBUTION AND EXTENT: The inner and outer Nashville Basin of Tennessee. The series is of small extent.
MLRA SOIL SURVEY REGIONAL OFFICE (MO) RESPONSIBLE: Morgantown, West Virginia
SERIES ESTABLISHED: Rutherford County, Tennessee; 1975.
REMARKS: Diagnostic horizons recognized in this pedon are:
Ochric epipedon - 0 to 8 inches (Ap horizon).
Argillic horizon - 16 to 65 inches (Bt, Btx, and 2Bt horizons)
Fragipan - 25 to 46 inches (Btx horizon).
Lithologic discontinuity - at 46 inches (top of 2Bt horizon).