LOCATION FUNMAR KSEstablished Series
TAXONOMIC CLASS: Fine-loamy, mixed, superactive, mesic Pachic Argiustolls
TYPICAL PEDON: Typical pedon of Funmar loam on a convex slope with a gradient less than 1 percent in a cultivated field. (Colors are for dry soil unless otherwise stated.)
Ap--0 to 15 cm (0 to 6 in.); dark grayish brown (10YR 4/2), interior, loam, very dark grayish brown (10YR 3/2), interior, moist; weak fine and medium subangular blocky structure; slightly hard, friable, slightly sticky and slightly plastic; common very fine and fine roots throughout and common medium throughout; 20 percent clay; noneffervescent throughout (HCl, 1 normal); slightly acid, abrupt smooth boundary.
A--15 to 30 cm (6 to 12 in.); dark gray (10YR 4/1), interior, loam, very dark gray (10YR 3/1), interior, moist; moderate fine and medium subangular blocky structure; hard, friable, slightly sticky and slightly plastic; common medium roots throughout; 22 percent clay; few distinct patchy very dark grayish brown (10YR 3/2), moist, organic coats on faces of peds; noneffervescent throughout (HCl, 1 normal); slightly acid, gradual wavy boundary. (Combined thickness of A horizons 10 to 28 cm (4 to 11 in. thick)).
Bt1--30 to 43 cm (12 to 17 in.); dark gray (10YR 4/1), interior, loam, very dark gray (10YR 3/1), interior, moist; moderate medium angular blocky structure; hard, friable, slightly sticky and slightly plastic; common medium roots throughout; 25 percent clay; few faint patchy dark brown (10YR 3/3), moist, clay films on vertical and horizontal faces of peds and few distinct patchy very dark grayish brown (10YR 3/2), moist, organic coats on vertical faces of peds; noneffervescent throughout (HCl, 1 normal); neutral, gradual wavy boundary.
Bt2--43 to 66 cm (17 to 26 in.); dark grayish brown (10YR 4/2), interior, clay loam, 60 percent dark brown (10YR 3/3), interior, and 40 percent very dark grayish brown (10YR 3/2), interior, moist; moderate medium prismatic structure parting to moderate medium subangular blocky; hard, friable, moderately sticky and moderately plastic; common fine and medium roots throughout; 29 percent clay; common faint discontinuous very dark grayish brown (10YR 3/2), moist, clay films on vertical and horizontal faces of peds and few distinct patchy very dark grayish brown (10YR 3/2) organic coats on vertical faces of peds; noneffervescent throughout (HCl, 1 normal); neutral, clear wavy boundary.
Bt3--66 to 81 cm (26 to 32 in.); light brownish gray (10YR 6/2), interior, loam, dark grayish brown (10YR 4/2), interior, moist; common medium prominent strong brown (7.5YR 5/6) moist irregular mottles throughout; moderate fine and medium subangular blocky; hard, friable, slightly sticky and slightly plastic; common fine roots throughout; 26 percent clay; few faint patchy dark brown (10YR 3/3), moist, clay films on vertical and horizontal faces of peds; common fine rounded very dark brown (10YR 2/2) masses of iron-manganese accumulation pedogenic throughout; noneffervescent throughout (HCl, 1 normal); slightly alkaline, gradual smooth boundary. (Combined thickness of Bt horizons 20 to 80 cm (8 to 32 in. thick).
2A--81 to 97 cm (32 to 38 in.); gray (10YR 5/1), interior, silty clay loam, very dark gray (10YR 3/1), interior, moist; common fine and medium prominent strong brown (7.5YR 5/6) moist irregular mottles throughout; moderate medium angular blocky and moderate medium subangular blocky structure; hard, firm, moderately sticky and moderately plastic; common very fine and fine roots throughout; 32 percent clay; common fine and medium rounded very dark brown (10YR 2/2) hard iron-manganese concretions pedogenic throughout; noneffervescent throughout (HCl, 1 normal); slightly alkaline, gradual wavy boundary. (Thickness of 2Ab horizons 0 to 20 cm (0 to 8 in. thick)).
2Bt--97 to 137 cm (38 to 54 in.); light brownish gray (2.5Y 6/2), interior, silty clay loam, dark grayish brown (2.5Y 4/2), interior, moist; common fine and medium prominent strong brown (7.5YR 4/6) moist irregular mottles throughout; moderate coarse prismatic structure parting to strong medium subangular blocky and strong medium angular blocky; extremely hard, extremely firm, very sticky and very plastic; few very fine roots between peds; 38 percent clay; many faint continuous dark grayish brown (2.5Y 4/2), moist, clay films on vertical and horizontal faces of peds and few distinct continuous dark grayish brown (10YR 4/2), moist, organic coats on vertical faces of peds and few distinct discontinuous dark brown (10YR 3/3), moist, skeletans on vertical faces of peds and few faint discontinuous pressure faces on vertical and horizontal faces of peds; few fine rounded very dark brown (10YR 2/2) masses of iron-manganese accumulation pedogenic throughout; noneffervescent throughout (HCl, 1 normal); slightly alkaline, gradual wavy boundary. Trace of fine gravel; vertical cracks about 5mm wide extend from 38 to 60 in. (97 to 152 cm); skeletons are material from Bt3 horizon lining cracks. (thickness of 2Btb horizons 30 to 120 cm (12 to 48 in.)).
2Btk1--137 to 168 cm (54 to 66 in.); light brownish gray (2.5Y 6/2), interior, silty clay loam, grayish brown (2.5Y 5/2), interior, moist; common medium and coarse prominent yellowish brown (10YR 5/6) moist irregular mottles between peds; moderate coarse prismatic structure parting to moderate medium and coarse subangular blocky; extremely hard, extremely firm, very sticky and very plastic; 36 percent clay; few distinct discontinuous dark grayish brown (2.5Y 4/2), moist, clay films on vertical and horizontal faces of peds and few faint discontinuous pressure faces on vertical faces of peds; few fine and medium irregular white (10YR 8/1) hard carbonate nodules pedogenic throughout; noneffervescent throughout (HCl, 1 normal); slightly alkaline, gradual wavy boundary. Trace of fine gravel.
2Btk2--168 to 203 cm (66 to 80 in.); light gray (5Y 7/2), interior, silty clay loam, light olive gray (5Y 6/2), interior, moist; common coarse prominent strong brown (7.5YR 5/6) moist irregular mottles throughout; moderate medium and coarse subangular blocky structure; hard, firm, moderately sticky and moderately plastic; 38 percent clay; common faint discontinuous light olive gray (5Y 6/2), moist, clay films on vertical and horizontal faces of peds and few distinct continuous very dark brown (10YR 2/2), moist, manganese or iron-manganese stains in root channels and/or pores; few medium and coarse irregular white (10YR 8/1) hard carbonate nodules pedogenic throughout and common fine and medium cylindrical brown (7.5YR 4/4) masses of iron accumulation pedogenic between peds; noneffervescent throughout (HCl, 1 normal). slightly alkaline, (Combined thickness of the 2Btkb horizons range from 30 to 120 cm (12 to 48 in.)).
TYPE LOCATION: Reno County, Kansas; 4.8 kilometers (3 miles) west of Yoder, 774 meters (2540 feet) east and 46 meters (150 feet) south of the northwest corner of sec. 30 T. 24 S. R. 05 W.; USGS Elmer topographic quadrangle; lat. 37 degrees 56 minutes 26.5 seconds N. and long. 97 degrees 54 minutes 48.5 seconds W., NAD 83.
RANGE IN CHARACTERISTICS:
Soil moisture regime: An ustic moisture regime bordering on udic. The soils are intermittently moist in some part from March through October. The soils are driest in November through February.
Soil temperature regime: mesic
Mean annual soil temperature: 14 to 15 degrees C (57 to 59 degrees F)
Particle-size control section: 20 to 34 percent clay
Particle-size control section: 20 to 75 percent sand
Depth to secondary calcium carbonate: greater than 50 cm (20 in.)
Thickness of the mollic epipedon: 50 to 94 cm (20 to 37 in.)
Depth to lithologic discontinuity and paleosol: 50 to 100 cm (20 to 40 in.)
A horizon:
Hue: 10YR
Value: 4 or 5, 3 moist
Chroma: 1 to 3
Texture: loam or fine sandy loam
Clay content: 8 to 27 percent
Sand content: 20 to 85 percent
Reaction: slightly acid or neutral
Bt horizon:
Hue: 10YR or 7.5YR
Value: 4 to 6, 3 to 5 moist
Chroma: 1 to 4
Texture: clay loam, sandy clay loam, or loam
Clay content: 18 to 38 percent
Sand content: 20 to 75 percent
Reaction: neutral or slightly alkaline
2A horizon (where present):
Hue: 10YR, 2.5Y, 5Y
Value: 4 to 6, 3 to 5 moist
Chroma: 1 to 4
Texture: silt loam, silty clay loam, or loam
Clay content: 18 to 35 percent
Sand content: 10 to 45 percent
Reaction: neutral or slightly alkaline
2Bt horizon:
Hue: 10YR, 2.5Y, 5Y, 7.5YR, 2.5YR
Value: 4 to 7, 2 to 6 moist
Chroma: 2 to 6, 1 to 4 moist
Texture: silty clay, clay loam, silty clay loam, sandy clay loam, or loam
Clay content: 22 to 45 percent
Sand content: 5 to 60 percent
Calcium carbonate equivalent: 0 to 5 percent
Reaction: neutral or slightly alkaline
2Btk horizon:
Hue: 10YR, 2.5Y, 5Y, 7.5YR, 2.5YR
Value: 4 to 7, 2 to 6 moist
Chroma: 2 to 6, 1 to 4 moist
Texture: silty clay, clay loam, silty clay loam, sandy clay loam, or loam
Clay content: 22 to 45 percent
Sand content: 5 to 60 percent
Calcium carbonate equivalent: 0 to 10 percent
Reaction: neutral or moderately alkaline
Some pedons have may have a 2BCk or 2C horizons with colors and textures similar to the 2Bt or 2Btk horizons.
COMPETING SERIES:
These are the
Albinas,
Bluewater,
Farnum,
Garrett,
Haxtun,
Jarita,
Keya,
Prosper,
Renner,
Sampson,
Tracylee,
Vosburg,
Wetterdon series. Albinas, Bluewater, Garrett, Haxtun, Jarita, Keya, Prosper, Renner, Sampson, Tracylee, Vosburg, Wetterdon soils have a mean annual soil temperatures less than 14 degrees C (57 degrees F).
Farnum soils do not have a lithologic discontinuity and paleosol within 50 to 100 cm (20 to 40 in.).
GEOGRAPHIC SETTING:
Parent material: loamy alluvium
Landform: nearly level to gently sloping areas on paleoterraces on river valleys or uplands
Slopes: 0 to 6 percent
Elevation: 350 to 740 meters (1150 to 2430 feet)
Mean annual air temperature: 13 to 15 degrees C (55 to 59 degrees F)
Mean annual precipitation: 610 to 840 mm (24 to 33 in.)
Frost-free period: 180 to 230 days
GEOGRAPHICALLY ASSOCIATED SOILS:
These are the
Carbika,
Carway,
Farnum,
Naron,
Saltcreek and
Taver soils.
Carbika and Carway soils are in depressions on paleoterraces in river valleys and poorly and somewhat poorly drained respectively.
Farnum soils are on nearly level to gently sloping areas on paleoterraces and do not have a paleosol between 50 to 100 cm (20 to 40 in.).
Naron soils are on rolling small dunes on paleoterraces, have a mollic epipedon between 25 cm and 50 cm (10 and 20 in.) thick, and have 18 to 25 percent clay in the particle size control section.
Saltcreek soils are on rolling small dunes on paleoterraces, have a paleosol occurring between 65 to 150 cm (25 and 60 in.), and have a mollic epipedon between 25 cm and 50 cm (10 and 20 in.) thick.
Taver soils are on nearly level to very gently sloping concave areas on paleoterraces and have 35 to 45 percent clay in the control section.
DRAINAGE AND SATURATED HYDRAULIC CONDUCTIVITY:
Drainage: moderately well drained
Saturated hydraulic conductivity: moderately high in the upper part and moderately low in the paleosol
Runoff: low or medium.
USE AND VEGETATION: Most of the areas are cultivated.
Principal crops are winter wheat and grain sorghum.
Native vegetation is tall prairie grasses.
DISTRIBUTION AND EXTENT: South Central Kansas. LRR H Great Plains Winter Wheat and Range, MLRA 79 Great Bend Sand Plains. The series is moderately extensive.
MLRA SOIL SURVEY REGIONAL OFFICE (MO) RESPONSIBLE: Denver, Colorado
SERIES ESTABLISHED: Reno County, Kansas, 1994
REMARKS: Diagnostic horizons and features recognized in this pedon are:
Mollic epipedon: 0 to 66 cm (0 to 26 in.) (Ap, A, Bt1, Bt2)
argillic horizon: 30 to 81 cm (12 to 32 in.) (Bt1, Bt2, Bt3)
lithologic discontinuity and paleosol 81 cm (32 in.)
This series was formerly mapped as Farnum.
Keys to Soil Taxonomy: Tenth edition, 2006
ADDITIONAL DATA:
Laboratory data that supports this series are: KSU lab sample pedon ID 94KS155489R and pedon ID 95KS155388R
12/23/99 Established the series by the Reno County, Kansas Final Correlation
Modified format by LRM in 2/2006 to include metric conversion and change permeability to saturated hydraulic conductivity.
GLP 07/2009 revised competing series, update the range in characteristics.