LOCATION HEIST                   UT+NV

Established Series
Rev. AJE/TER/MJD/JBF
05/2012

HEIST SERIES

The Heist series consists of very deep, well drained, soils that formed in alluvium derived from mixed rocks. Heist soils are on alluvial fans, lake plains, lake terraces, fan terraces, inset fans, fan skirts, beach plains, and bars. Slopes are 0 to 15 percent. The mean annual precipitation is about 250 mm and the mean annual temperature is about 8 degrees C.

TAXONOMIC CLASS: Coarse-loamy, mixed, superactive, mesic Xeric Haplocambids

TYPICAL PEDON: Heist fine sandy loam - rangeland. (Colors are for dry soil unless otherwise noted.)

A--0 to 36 cm; yellowish brown (10YR 5/4) fine sandy loam, brown (10YR 4/3) moist; weak medium subangular blocky structure; soft, very friable, nonsticky and nonplastic; many very fine roots; few very fine tubular pores; slightly effervescent; slightly alkaline (pH 7.8); gradual smooth boundary. (20 to 44 cm thick)

Bw--36 to 66 cm; light yellowish brown (10YR 6/4) fine sandy loam, yellowish brown (10YR 5/4) moist; weak fine subangular blocky structure to massive; soft, very friable, nonsticky, nonplastic; common very fine roots; few very fine and fine tubular pores; very slightly effervescent; 4 percent calcium carbonate equivalent; 1 percent gravel; moderately alkaline (pH 8.4); gradual smooth boundary. (25 to 40 cm thick)

C--66 to 152 cm; light yellowish brown (10YR 6/4) fine sandy loam, yellowish brown (10YR 5/4) moist; massive; slightly hard, very friable, nonsticky, nonplastic; few very fine roots; few very fine and fine tubular pores; moderately effervescent; 15 percent calcium carbonate equivalent; 1 percent gravel; strongly alkaline (pH 8.8).

TYPE LOCATION: Millard County, Utah; 400 feet east and 1,300 feet north of the southwest corner of section 30, T18S, R4W.; latitude 39 degrees 13 minutes 2 seconds N and longitude 112 degrees 21 minutes 7 seconds W; NAD 83.

RANGE IN CHARACTERISTICS:
Soil moisture: Dry 55 to 70 percent of the time when the soil temperature is above 5 degrees C; aridic soil moisture regime bordering on xeric.
Mean annual soil temperature: 9 to 11 degrees C.

Particle-size control section - Clay content: Average 8 to 18 percent.
Rock fragments: 0 to 15 percent.

A horizon
Hue: 7.5YR or 10YR.
Value: 5 to 7 dry, 3 to 5 moist, 5 dry and 3 moist occurs only in the upper 10 cm.
Chroma: 2 to 4, dry or moist.
Texture: Fine sandy loam, sandy loam, or loamy sand.
Rock fragments: 0 to 15 percent.
Reaction: Neutral to moderately alkaline.
Effervescence: Slightly effervescent through violently effervescent, some pedons lack effervescence in the upper 3 to 8 cm.

Bw and C horizons
Hue: 7.5YR or 10YR.
Value: 6 or 7 dry, 4 to 6 moist.
Chroma: 2 to 4, dry or moist.
Texture: Fine sandy loam or sandy loam above 100 cm; some pedons have loamy sand below 100 cm.
Rock fragments: 35 percent below 100 cm, 0 to 60 percent in any subhorizon.
Calcium carbonate equivalent: 1 to 15 percent of the less than 20 mm fraction. Reaction: Slightly alkaline to strongly alkaline.
Secondary carbonates: Present as weak cementation or other visible forms in some part of the horizon.
Consistence: Soft to hard, dry, and very friable or friable moist, slightly plastic or nonplastic wet.

COMPETING SERIES: These are the Bijorja, Chedehap, Clems, Drewsey, Haybourne, Irrigon, McClenden, Prosser, Rebel, Royal, Scooteney, Vining, and Wiehl series.

Bijorja soils are moderately deep, and have a MAST of 12 to 14 degrees C.
Chedehap soils lack C horizons and have 2Bk horizons of loamy sand, loamy coarse sand, or coarse sand.
Clems soils are noncalcareous to a depth of 114 cm or more.
Drewsey soils lack carbonates to a depth of 50 to 89 cm and lack C horizons.
Haybourne soils do not have sandy textures within a depth of 100 cm, and are not calcareous in a major part of the particle-size control section.
Irrigon soils have 160 to 200 frost free days.
McClenden soils lack C horizons and have carbonates at a depth of 25 to 60 cm.
Prosser soils have bedrock at a depth of 50 to 100 cm.
Rebel soils contain mica flakes in the particle-size control section and usually lack effervescence in the upper 38 cm.
Royal soils have Bk horizons.
Scooteney soils average 20 to 35 percent rock fragments in the particle-size control section.
Vining soils have bedrock at a depth of 50 to 100 cm.
Wiehl soils have a paralithic contact at a depth of 50 to 100 cm.

GEOGRAPHIC SETTING: Heist soils are on alluvial fans, lake plains, lake terraces, fan terraces, fan skirts, inset fans, beach plains, and bars. Slopes range from 0 to 15 percent. Elevation ranges 1,370 to 2,155 meters. These soils formed in alluvium derived from mixed rocks. The climate is semi-arid with dry summers. The average annual precipitation ranges 200 to 300 mm. Mean annual temperature ranges 8 to 11 degrees C and the frost-free period is 100 to 150 days.

GEOGRAPHICALLY ASSOCIATED SOILS: These are the Antelope Springs, Escalante, Geer, Patter, Sierocliff, and Uvada soils. Antelope Springs and Uvada soils have a natric horizon. Escalante soils have a calcic horizon. Geer soils have a typic aridic soil moisture regime. Patter soils have a cambic horizon and have durinodes. Sierocliff soils have a petrocalcic horizon.

DRAINAGE AND SATURATED HYDRAULIC CONDUCTIVITY: Well drained; very slow to medium runoff; high saturated hydraulic conductivity.

USE AND VEGETATION: These soils are used mainly for livestock grazing and wildlife habitat. Some areas are irrigated cropland. Native vegetation is dominantly rabbitbrush, big sagebrush, winterfat, Indian ricegrass, fourwing saltbush, galleta and scattered Utah Juniper.

DISTRIBUTION AND EXTENT: Southwestern and central Utah and southeastern Nevada. These soils are moderately extensive. MLRA 28A and 28B.

MLRA SOIL SURVEY REGIONAL OFFICE (MO) RESPONSIBLE: Phoenix, Arizona

SERIES ESTABLISHED: Iron County, (Beryl-Enterprise Area), Utah; 1942.

REMARKS: Diagnostic horizons and features recognized in this pedon are:
Ochric epipedon: The zone from the soil surface to 18 cm. (part of the A horizon).
Cambic horizon: The zone from 36 to 65 cm. (Bw horizons).
Particle-size control section: The zone from 25 to 100 cm (The lower part of the A, Bw, and upper part of the C horizons).

In July 1995 the type location was moved from Iron County to Millard County. The location in Iron County was correlated to a map unit without a Heist component.

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National Cooperative Soil Survey
U.S.A.