LOCATION MAPLEHURST WIEstablished Series
TAXONOMIC CLASS: Fine-silty, mixed, superactive, frigid Aquic Glossudalfs
TYPICAL PEDON: Maplehurst silt loam - on a plane west-facing 1 percent slope in a cultivated field at an elevation of about 1245 feet. Colors are for moist soil unless otherwise stated.
Ap--0 to 9 inches; very dark grayish brown (10YR 3/2) silt loam, pale brown (10YR 6/3) dry; weak fine subangular blocky structure; friable; many fine roots; about 1 percent gravel; moderately acid; abrupt smooth boundary. (0 to 10 inches thick)
E/B--9 to 16 inches; 70 percent pale brown (10YR 6/3) silt loam (E), very pale brown (10YR 7/3) dry; moderate medium platy structure; friable; extends as tongues into and surrounds remnants of yellowish brown (10YR 5/4) silt loam (Bt); weak fine subangular structure; friable; many fine roots; common medium prominent strong brown (7.5YR 5/6) masses of iron accumulation; about 1 percent gravel; strongly acid; gradual wavy boundary. (0 to 15 inches thick)
B/E--16 to 25 inches; 60 percent yellowish brown (10YR 5/4) silt loam (Bt); moderate medium subangular blocky structure; friable; few distinct brown (7.5YR 4/3) clay films on faces of peds; penetrated by tongues of pale brown (10YR 6/3) silt loam (E), very pale brown (10YR 7/3) dry; moderate medium subangular blocky structure; friable; few fine roots; common medium prominent strong brown (7.5YR 5/6) masses of iron accumulation and few medium faint grayish brown (10YR 5/2) masses of iron depletion; about 1 percent gravel; strongly acid; gradual wavy boundary. (The glossic horizon - 2 to 30 inches thick.)
Bt1--25 to 44 inches; dark yellowish brown (10YR 4/4) silt loam; moderate medium subangular blocky structure; friable; few fine roots; common distinct brown (7.5YR 4/4) clay films on faces of peds; common faint pale brown (10YR 6/3) coatings of clean silt grains on faces of peds; common medium prominent strong brown (7.5YR 5/6) masses of iron accumulation and few medium prominent grayish brown (2.5Y 5/2) masses of iron depletion; about 1 percent gravel; very strongly acid; abrupt wavy boundary.
2Bt2--44 to 47 inches; brown (7.5YR 4/4) sandy loam; weak medium subangular blocky structure; friable; few faint brown (7.5YR 4/3) clay films on faces of peds; few fine distinct strong brown (7.5YR 5/8) masses of iron accumulation; about 8 percent gravel; moderately acid; abrupt wavy boundary. (0 to 5 inches thick)
3C--47 to 60 inches; yellowish brown (10YR 5/4) stratified very gravelly coarse sand, gravelly coarse sand, and coarse sand; single grain; loose; few fine distinct brownish yellow (10YR 6/6) masses of iron accumulation; about 35 percent gravel and 5 percent cobbles as an average; moderately acid.
TYPE LOCATION: Clark County, Wisconsin; about 4 miles north and 2 miles west of Withee; 1500 feet north and 350 feet west of the southeast corner of sec. 5, T. 29 N., R. 2 W.
RANGE IN CHARACTERISTICS: Depth to the base of the argillic horizon, thickness of the silty mantle, and depth to the sandy outwash all range from 40 to 60 inches. The weighted average clay content in the particle size control section ranges from 18 to 25 percent and the weighted average content of fine sand or coarser is less than 15 percent. The ratio of coarse silt to fine silt ranges from 1.25 to 2.50 in the silty mantle. Volume of gravel ranges from 0 to 5 percent in the silty mantle and from 0 to 40 percent in the loamy lower subsoil. Volume of gravel ranges from 3 to 45 percent as a weighted average in the sandy outwash but ranges from 0 to 65 percent in individual strata. Volume of cobbles ranges from 0 to 5 percent in the silty mantle and from 0 to 10 percent below it. Reaction typically ranges from very strongly acid to slightly acid throughout the pedon but it ranges to neutral in the upper part, where the soil is limed. Free carbonates are absent to a depth of more than 5 feet. Redoximorphic concentrations typically are throughout the pedon below the A or Ap horizon. Redoximorphic depletions with chroma of 2 or less are at least as high as the upper 10 inches of the argillic. Aquic conditions occur in the upper 10 inches of the argillic at some time in most years.
The A horizon has hue of 7.5YR or 10YR, value of 2 or 3, and chroma of 1 or 2. Cultivated areas have Ap horizons with hue of 7.5YR or 10YR, value of 3 or 4, and chroma of 2 or 3. Where the value moist is 3 in the Ap horizon, the value dry is greater than 5.5.
The E horizon has hue of 7.5YR or 10YR, value of 4 to 6, and chroma of 2 or 3. Colors of 4/3 or 5/3 have value dry of 7 or more. The E horizon is silt loam or silt.
Maplehurst soils have a glossic horizon (E/B or B/E horizons, or both). The E part has color and texture like the E horizon described above. The Bt part has hue of 7.5YR or 10YR, value of 4 or 5, and chroma of 3 to 6.
The Bt horizon has color and texture like the Bt part described above. Some pedons have a Btg horizon, with dominant chroma of 2, below the upper 10 inches of the argillic horizon.
The 2Bt horizon has hue of 5YR, 7.5YR, or 10YR; value of 4 or 5; and chroma of 3 to 6. It is loam, sandy loam, fine sandy loam, or sandy clay loam or the gravelly or very gravelly analogs.
Some pedons have a 3Bt horizon (2Bt horizon in pedons without a loamy 2Bt horizon) with hue of 5YR, 7.5YR, or 10YR; value of 4 to 6; and chroma of 2 to 8. It is loamy sand or loamy coarse sand or the gravelly, very gravelly, or extremely gravelly analogs.
The 3C horizon (2C horizon in pedons without a loamy 2Bt horizon) has color like the 3Bt horizon described above. It is typically stratified layers of sand or coarse sand or the gravelly or very gravelly analogs, but some individual strata may be extremely gravelly. It averages more than 85 percent sand in the fine earth fraction.
COMPETING SERIES: These are the Almena, and Comstock series. Almena soils have a densic contact with till within the series control section. Comstock soils do not have a lithologic discontinuity within the series control section.
GEOGRAPHIC SETTING:
Parent material: Formed in 40 to 60 inches of loess or silty alluvium underlain by stratified sandy outwash.
Landform: Outwash plain and stream terraces.
Slope: 0 to 3 percent.
Elevation: 800 to 1950 feet.
Mean annual air temperature: 39 to 45 degrees F.
Mean annual precipitation: 28 to 33 inches.
Frost-free days: 120 to 135 days.
GEOGRAPHICALLY ASSOCIATED SOILS: These are the Blackriver, Brander, Brill, Poskin, Rib, and Ribriver soils. The moderately well drained Brill soils, the somewhat poorly drained Poskin soils, and the poorly drained Rib soils form a drainage sequence in nearby areas where the silty mantle is less than 40 inches thick.
The moderately well drained Blackriver and Ribriver soils are in a drainage sequence with Maplehurst soils. These soils are on higher landscape positions.
The moderately well drained Brander and Brill soils, the somewhat poorly drained Poskin soils, and the poorly drained Rib soils are on nearby landscapes with Maplehurst soils where the silty mantle is less than 40 inches thick. Brander and Brill soils are on higher landscape positions. Poskin soils are on similar landscape positions. Rib soils are in depressions and drainageways.
DRAINAGE AND PERMEABILITY: Somewhat poorly drained. Surface runoff is low or medium. Permeability is moderate in the silty mantle and rapid or very rapid in the sandy substratum. This soil has an apparent seasonal high water table at depths of 1 to 2.5 feet at some time during the period of October to June in normal years.
USE AND VEGETATION: Many areas have been cleared and used for cropland or pastureland. Corn, small grains, and hay are the principal crops. The native vegetation is mixed deciduous and coniferous forest with white pine, white spruce, eastern hemlock, sugar maple, red maple, yellow birch, American elm, white ash, balsam fir, and quaking aspen the major species.
DISTRIBUTION AND EXTENT: North-central Wisconsin. LRR K and MLRA 90B. This soil is of small extent.
MLRA SOIL SURVEY REGIONAL OFFICE (MO) RESPONSIBLE: St. Paul, Minnesota
SERIES ESTABLISHED: Clark County, Wisconsin, 1994.
REMARKS: Diagnostic horizons and features recognized in this pedon are:
Particle size control section - the zone from 16 to 36 inches.
Ochric epipedon - the zone from 0 to 16 inches (Ap, E/B).
Albic horizon - the zone from 9 to 16 inches (E part of the E/B).
Glossic horizon - the zone from 9 to 25 inches (E/B, B/E).
Argillic horizon - the zone from 16 to 47 inches (B/E, Bt1, 2Bt2).
Transition zone - the zone between the silty mantle and sandy outwash from 44 to 47 inches (2Bt2).
Redoximorphic concentrations - oxidized color features in the zone from 9 to 60 inches.
Redoximorphic depletions - reduced color features in the zone from 16 to 44 inches.
Lithologic discontinuity - at the upper boundary of the 2Bt2 horizon at 44 inches and at the upper boundary of the 3C horizon at 47 inches.
Aquic conditions in the upper 10 inches of the argillic horizon.
ADDITIONAL DATA: Former Soil Interpretation Record - WI0466.