LOCATION PEAKIN NC
Established Series
STE/DTA
09/2021
PEAKIN SERIES
MLRA(s): 136
Soil Survey Regional Office (SSRO) RESPONSIBLE: Raleigh, North Carolina
Depth Class: Very deep
Agricultural Drainage Class: Well drained
Permeability: Slow
Surface Runoff: Moderate
Landscape: Triassic Basin uplands
Landform: Interstream divides, ridges, and side slopes
Parent Material: Residuum weathered from Triassic sandstone, mudstone,
siltstone, shale, and conglomerate
Slope: 0 to 40
Mean Annual Air Temperature (type location): 60 degrees F.
Mean Annual Precipitation (type location): 47 inches
TAXONOMIC CLASS: Fine, mixed, semiactive, thermic Typic Hapludults
TYPICAL PEDON: Peakin sandy loam on a 3 percent slope in a loblolly pine plantation. (Colors are for moist soil.)
Ap--0 to 7 inches; brown (7.5YR 4/4) fine sandy loam; weak medium granular structure; very friable; non-sticky; non-plastic; many fine and medium, and few coarse roots; extremely acid; clear smooth boundary. (0 to 12 inches thick)
Bt1--7 to 22 inches; reddish brown (2.5YR 4/4) clay loam; moderate medium subangular blocky structure; firm; sticky; slightly plastic; common fine and medium roots; common prominent clay films on faces of peds; extremely acid; gradual wavy boundary.
Bt2--22 to 41 inches; reddish brown (2.5YR 4/4) silty clay loam; moderate medium subangular blocky structure; firm; moderately sticky; moderately plastic; few fine and medium roots; common prominent clay films on faces of peds; common fine prominent very pale brown (10YR 7/3) iron depletions; extremely acid; gradual wavy boundary.
Bt3--41 to 53 inches; reddish brown (2.5YR 4/4) silty clay loam; moderate medium subangular blocky structure; firm; moderately sticky; moderately plastic; few fine and medium roots; common prominent clay films on faces of peds; common medium prominent light gray (10YR 7/2) iron depletions; very strongly acid; gradual wavy boundary. (Combined thickness of the Bt horizons is 15 to 50 inches)
BCt--53 to 63 inches; reddish brown (2.5YR 4/4) silt loam; weak coarse subangular blocky structure; friable; moderately sticky; plastic; few faint clay films on faces of peds; common medium prominent light gray (10YR 7/2) iron depletions; very strongly acid; gradual wavy boundary. (5 to 25 inches thick)
C--63 to 80 inches; reddish brown (2.5YR 4/4) silt loam saprolite; massive, friable, slightly sticky, slightly plastic; common medium prominent light gray (10YR 7/2) iron depletions; very strongly acid.
TYPE LOCATION: Montgomery County, North Carolina; about 10.7 miles east of Mount Gilead on North Carolina Highway 731; 350 feet south of highway in loblolly pine plantation; USGS Harrisville topographic quadrangle; lat. 35 degrees, 12 minutes, 23 seconds N and long. 79 degrees, 49 minutes, 43 seconds W. (NAD 83).
RANGE IN CHARACTERISTICS:
Solum Thickness: 30 to 60 inches or more
Depth to Bedrock: Greater than 60 inches
Depth to Seasonal High Water Table: 3.0 to 6.0 feet; perched
Fragments: 0 to 35 percent, by volume, in the A, E, EB, BE, and C horizons and 0 to 5 percent, by volume, in the Bt and BC hotizons; mostly gravels
Soil Reaction: Extremely acid to strongly acid throughout, except where surface layers have been limed
RANGE OF INDIVIDUAL HORIZONS:
A or Ap horizon:
Color--hue of 5YR to 10YR, value of 3 to 6, and chroma of 2 to 6. Where value is 3, the layer is less than 6 inches thick.
Texture (fine-earth fraction)--sandy loam, very fine sandy loam, loam, silt loam, or fine sandy loam.
Where eroded, texture includes sandy clay loam, silty clay loam, or clay loam.
E horizon, (if it occurs):
Color--hue of 7.5YR to 10YR, value of 4 to 6, and chroma of 3 to 6
Texture (fine-earth fraction)--very fine sandy loam, loam, fine sandy loam, sandy loam, or silt loam
EB or BE horizon, (if it occurs):
Color--hue of 5YR to 10YR, value of 4 to 6, and chroma of 3 to 6.
Texture (fine earth fraction)--sandy loam, fine sandy loam, silty clay loam, sandy clay loam, clay loam, loam, or silt loam
Bt horizon:
Color--hue of 10R to 7.5YR, value of 3 to 6, and chroma of 3 to 8. Values of 3 are limited to the upper Bt horizon.
Texture--clay loam, clay, silty clay, silty clay loam, sandy clay loam, or sandy clay
Redoximorphic features--iron depletions in shades of gray, yellow, or brown may be present in the lower Bt horizons
BCt horizon:
Color--hue of 10R to 5YR, value of 3 to 6, and chroma of 3 to 8, or is mottled in shades of brown, yellow, gray, or red
Texture--silt loam, silty clay loam, clay loam, loam, sandy clay, sandy clay loam, or silty clay
Redoximorphic features--iron depletions in shades of gray, yellow, or brown are in most pedons
C horizon (if it occurs):
Color--hue of 10R to 7.5YR, value of 3 to 6, and chroma of 3 to 8, or is mottled in shades of brown, yellow, gray, or red
Texture--variable, commonly loamy saprolite
Redoximorphic features--iron depletions in shades of gray, yellow, or brown are in most pedons
COMPETING SERIES:
Albertville soils--formed in residuum weathered from shale and have a paralithic contact within 40 to 60 inches
Badin soils--formed in residuum weathered from meta-volcanic and other
fine-grained rocks and have a depth to paralithic contact of 20 to 40 inches
Brockroad soils--formed in residuum weathered from mica schist and gneiss and have a depth to a lithologic discontinuity of 24 to 50 inches
Carnasaw soils--formed in residuum weathered from shale of Pennsylvanian age and have a depth to paralithic contact of 40 to 60 inches
Catharpin soils--formed in moderately fine and fine textured overlay material and residuum weathered from gneiss and schist and have a depth to a lithologic discontinuity of 24 to 50 inches
Coghill soils--formed in residuum weathered from quartzose limestone, and interbedded calcareous sandstone and shale
Corryton soils--formed in residuum weathered from shale that is interbedded with thin seams of limestone in places
Luverne soils--formed in stratified marine sediments of the Southern Coastal Plain
Masada soils--formed in old alluvium on terraces in the Southern
Piedmont and Atlantic Coastal Plain
Mayodan soils--do not have redoximorphic features within 60 inches of the surface
McQueen soils--formed in alluvium and are on stream terraces at low to
intermediate elevations above the floodplain
Nanford soils--formed in residuum weathered from metavolcanic rock, have a subsoil with hue of 5YR to 10YR, and have a depth to paralithic contact of 40 to 60 inches
Sweatman soils--formed in marine sediment consisting of thinly bedded clayey shales and sandy and loamy material of the Southern Coastal Plain
Tarrus soils--formed in residuum weathered from metavolcanic rock and have a subsoil with hue of 10R or 2,5YR, and have a depth to paralithic contact of 40 to 60 inches
Townley soils--formed in clayey residuum weathered from shale or interbedded sandstone and shale and have a depth to paralithic contact of 20 to 40 inches
Uwharrie soils--formed in residuum weathered from meta-volcanic and other fine-graind rocks
Vance soils--formed in residuum weathered from felsic crystalline rock
GEOGRAPHIC SETTING:
Landscape: Triassic Basins of the thermic Southern Piedmont
Landform: Interstream divides, ridges, and side slopes
Parent Material: Residuum weathered from Triassic sandstone, mudstone,
siltstone, shale, and conglomerate
Mean Annual Air Temperature: 60 degrees F
Mean Annual Precipitation: 47 inches
Frost Free Period: 180 to 260 days
GEOGRAPHICALLY ASSOCIATED SOILS:
In addition to the competing
Mayodan soils they are:
Brickhaven soils--are moderately well drained, lack redoximorphic depletions in the upper Bt, have a depth to paralithic contact of 40 to 60 inches, and have a base saturation greater than 35 percent above the paralithic contact and are intermingled in some areas
Carbonton soils--are moderately well drained, have a depth to paralithic contact of 20 to 40 inches, and have a base saturation greater than 35 percent above the paralithic contact and are intermingled in some areas
Creedmoor soils--are moderately well and somewhat poorly drained and have a high shrink swell potential
Pinoka soils--have a depth to paralithic contact of 20 to 40 inches, have a fine-loamy particle size class and are on higher ridges
DRAINAGE AND PERMEABILITY:
Agricultural Drainage Class: Well drained
Surface Runoff: Slow
Permeability of Restrictive Layer (upper 60 inches): Slow
USE AND VEGETATION:
Major Uses: mixed hardwood and pine forest
Dominant Vegetation: Where forested--loblolly pine, red maple, sweet gum, black gum, water oak, winged elm, and willow oak.
SOIL SURVEY REGIONAL OFFICE (SSRO) RESPONSIBLE: Raleigh, North Carolina
DISTRIBUTION AND EXTENT:
Distribution: Thermic region of Piedmont in the Triassic Basin of North Carolina and possibly Virginia
Extent: Small
SERIES PROPOSED: Montgomery County, North Carolina, 2000
REMARKS: Peakin soils were previously mapped as Mayodan soils. Mayodan soils do not have iron depletions within 60 inches of the surface.
Diagnostic horizons and soil characteristics recognized in this pedon are:
Ochric epipedon--the zone from the soil surface to a depth of 7 inches (Ap horizon)
Argillic horizon--the zone from 7 to 61 inches (Bt and BCt horizons)
Series control section--the zone from 0 to 60 inches
ADDITIONAL DATA:
Reference particle-size data is available from the project soil survey staff, Troy, North Carolina.
Data Map Unit ID:
TABULAR SERIES DATA:
SOI-5 Soil Name Slope Airtemp FrFr/Seas Precip Elevation
Peakin 0-40 57-65 180-260 40-55 150-450
SOI-5 FloodL FloodH Watertable Kind Months Bedrock Hardness
NONE 3.0-6.0 Perched NOV-APR >60
SOI-5 Depth Texture 3-Inch No-10 Clay% -CEC-
0-7 FSL SIL L 0-0 95-100 7-20 -
7-53 CL SIC SICL 0-0 95-100 35-55 -
53-61 SIC SICL 0-0 95-100 35-55 -
SOI-5 Depth -pH- O.M. Salin Permeab Shnk-Swll-
0-7 3.6-5.5 1-3 0-0 0.6-2.0 LOW
7-53 3.6-5.5 .5-1 0-0 0.06-0.6 MODERATE
53-61 3.6-5.5 .5-1 0-0 0.06-0.2 LOW
National Cooperative Soil Survey
U.S.A.