LOCATION SKOG               WI
Established Series
FJS/JJJ
07/2005

SKOG SERIES


The Skog series consists of very deep, moderately well drained soils that formed in a thin mantle of loamy alluvium over sandy-skeletal alluvium on floodplains. Permeability is moderately rapid in the loamy alluvium and rapid or very rapid in the sandy-skeletal alluvium. Slopes range from 0 to 3 percent. Mean annual precipitation is about 30 inches. Mean annual air temperature is about 42 degrees F.

TAXONOMIC CLASS: Sandy-skeletal, mixed, frigid Oxyaquic Udorthents

TYPICAL PEDON: Skog gravelly sandy loam, on a convex north facing 2 percent slope, in a woodland, at an elevation of about 800 feet. (Colors are for moist soil unless otherwise stated.)

Oa--0 to 1 inch; black (10YR 2/1) highly decomposed plant material, moderate fine granular structure; many fine and very fine and common medium roots; very friable; slightly acid; abrupt smooth boundary. (0 to 2 inches thick)

A--1 to 6 inches; black (10YR 2/1) gravelly sandy loam, dark grayish brown (10YR 4/2) dry; moderate fine and medium subangular blocky structure; many fine and very fine and common medium roots; friable; about 25 percent gravel and 5 percent cobbles; neutral; clear wavy boundary. (1 to 8 inches thick)

E--6 to 11 inches; brown (7.5YR 4/2) gravelly sandy loam; moderate thin platy structure; common fine and very fine roots; friable; about 20 percent gravel and 5 percent cobbles; moderately acid; clear wavy boundary. (3 to 7 inches thick)

Bt1--11 to 19 inches; dark brown (7.5YR 3/4) extremely gravelly loamy sand; weak fine and medium subangular blocky structure; very friable; common distinct dark brown (7.5YR 3/3) clay bridges between sand grains; many fine and very fine and medium roots; about 50 percent gravel and 10 percent cobbles; slightly acid; clear wavy boundary.

Bt2--19 to 27 inches; dark brown (7.5YR 3/4) extremely gravelly loamy sand; weak fine and medium subangular blocky structure; very friable; common distinct dark brown (7.5YR 3/3) clay bridges between sand grains; few fine, very fine and medium roots; about 65 percent gravel and 10 percent cobbles; slightly acid; clear wavy boundary. (Combined thickness of the Bt horizons range from 0 to 30 inches.)

BC--27 to 38 inches; brown (7.5YR 4/3) extremely gravelly coarse sand; weak coarse subangular blocky structure; very friable; about 50 percent gravel and 10 percent cobbles; few fine and very fine roots; few medium distinct strong brown (7.5YR 5/6) masses of iron accumulation; slightly acid; clear smooth boundary. (0 to 25 inches thick)

C1--38 to 55 inches; brown (7.5YR 4/3) extremely gravelly coarse sand; single grain; loose; about 70 percent gravel and 10 percent cobbles; few fine and very fine roots; common coarse prominent strong brown (7.5YR 5/8) masses of iron accumulation and common coarse distinct grayish brown (10YR 5/2) iron depletions; slightly acid; gradual wavy boundary.

C2--55 to 80 inches; brown (7.5YR 4/3) extremely gravelly coarse sand; single grain; loose; about 70 percent gravel and 10 percent cobbles; few medium distict strong brown (7.5YR 5/6) masses of iron accumulation; slightly acid; gradual wavy boundary.

TYPE LOCATION: Burnett County, Wisconsin; about 10 miles west and 8 miles south of Grantsburg; 1,875 feet south and 450 feet west of northeast corner of Sec. 4, T. 37 N., R. 20 W., USGS Randall topographic quadrangle; Lat 45 degrees, 43 minutes, 31 seconds N, Long. 92 degrees, 50 minutes, 18 seconds W., NAD27

RANGE IN CHARACTERISTICS: Volume of rock fragments in the particle size control section ranges from 35 to 85 percent as a weighted average. Volume of gravel ranges from 25 to 60 percent in the loamy alluvium and from 35 to 75 percent in the sandy-skeletal alluvium. Volume of cobbles ranges from 0 to 15 percent and volume of stones ranges from 0 to 5 percent throughout. Reaction typically ranges from strongly acid to neutral in the solum and is moderately acid or slightly acid in the substratum.

The Oa horizon has hue of 7.5YR or 10YR, value of 2.5 or 3 and chroma of 1. Some pedons have Oe horizons with similar colors.

The A horizon has hue of 10YR or 7.5YR, value of 2 or 2.5, and chroma of 1 or 2. The texture is gravelly sandy loam.

The E horizon has hue of 10YR or 7.5YR, value of 4, and chroma of 2 or 3. Texture is the gravelly or very gravelly, analogs of loamy sand or sandy loam.

Some pedons have a Bw horizon with hue of 7.5YR, value of 3 or 4, and chroma of 3 or 4. Texture is gravelly loamy sand or very gravelly loamy sand.

The Bt horizon has hue of 7.5YR, value of 3 or 4, and chroma of 3 or 4. Texture is the very gravelly or extremely gravelly, analogs of loamy sand or loamy coarse sand.

The BC horizon has hue of 7.5YR; value of 3 or 4; and chroma of 4 to 6. Textures are very gravelly or extremely gravelly analogs of loamy sand, loamy coarse sand or coarse sand.

The C horizon has a hue of 5YR to 10YR, value of 3 to 5, and chroma of 3 to 6. Texture is the very gravelly or extremely gravelly analogs of coarse sand or sand.

COMPETING SERIES: There are no competing series.

GEOGRAPHIC SETTING: These soils are on flood plains. Slopes range from 0 to 3 percent. These soils formed in in a thin mantle of loamy alluvium over sandy-skeletal alluvium. The mean annual temperature is about 39 to 45 degrees F. Mean annual precipitation is about 28 to 33 inches. Frost-free days range from 90 to 140 days. Elevation ranges from 700 to 1200 feet.

GEOGRAPHICALLY ASSOCIATED SOILS: These are the Clemens (T), Dairyland (T), Emmert, and Rockmarsh (T) series. The somewhat poorly drained Clemens (T) and Rockmarsh (T) soils are on lower landscape positions and have more clay in the series control section. The moderately well drained Dairyland soils are on similar landscape positions but are underlain by dense loamy till. The excessively drained Emmert soils are on slightly higher landscape positions.

DRAINAGE AND PERMEABILITY: Moderately well drained drained. Surface runoff is low. Permeability is rapid or very rapid. These soils have an apparent seasonal water table at a depth of 2 to 3.5 feet from April to June in most years. It is rarely flooded.

USE AND VEGETATION: Most areas of this soil are in woodland. Native vegetation is mixed hardwoods and conifers. Common trees are quaking aspen, bigtooth aspen, white spruce, yellow birch, sugar maple, basswood, and black cherry.

DISTRIBUTION AND EXTENT: Northwestern Wisconsin and East Central Minnesota. LRR-K, MLRA 91B. The series is of small extent.

MLRA SOIL SURVEY REGIONAL OFFICE (MO) RESPONSIBLE: St. Paul, Minnesota

SERIES PROPOSED: Burnett County, Wisconsin, 2003. Source of name is Skog Road in Burnett County, Wisconsin near the type location.

REMARKS: Diagnostic horizons and other features recognized in this pedon are:
Ochric epipedon: 0 to 11 inches (Oa, A, and E horizons)
Oxyaquic feature: redoximorphic features and saturation within 40 inches;
The Bt horizons are not argillic since they do not have over 3 percent clay increase from the overlying horizons;
Particle size control section: (10 to 40 inches)


National Cooperative Soil Survey
U.S.A.