LOCATION SOCKEYE WA

Established Series
Rev. RGC/TDT
02/2011

SOCKEYE SERIES

The Sockeye series consists of very deep and deep to hard bedrock, well drained soils that formed in residuum and colluvium from sedimentary and metasedimentary rocks on moderate relief and dissected mountain slopes. Slopes are 10 to 75 percent. The mean annual precipitation is about 150 inches and mean annual temperature is about 42 degrees F.

TAXONOMIC CLASS: Medial, mixed, isofrigid Pachic Fulvudands

TYPICAL PEDON: Sockeye medial loam-forestland, on a 30 percent north-northwesterly aspect at an elevation of 1,380 feet in a Pacific silver fir/swordfern-oxalis plant association. (When described on June 15, 1997, the soil was moist throughout. Colors are for moist soil unless otherwise stated. All textures are apparent field textures.)

Oi--0 to 1 inch; slightly decomposed needles, leaves, twigs, and cone fragments; abrupt smooth boundary. (1 to 3 inches thick)

Oe--1 to 2 inches; moderately decomposed organic materials; abrupt smooth boundary. (0 to 2 inches thick)

A--2 to 4 inches; very dark brown (10YR 2/2) medial loam, dark brown (10YR 3/3) dry; moderate very fine and fine subangular blocky, and moderate very fine and fine granular structure; hard, friable, nonsticky and nonplastic; weakly smeary; many very fine, fine, medium, and coarse roots; many very fine and fine tubular and irregular pores; 5 percent gravel; very strongly acid (pH 4.6); clear smooth boundary. (2 to 4 inches thick)

Bw1--4 to 8 inches; 90 percent dark brown (7.5YR 3/4) gravelly medial loam, yellowish brown (10YR 5/4) dry and 10 percent dark yellowish brown (10YR 3/4), yellowish brown (10YR 5/4) dry; moderate very fine, fine, and medium subangular blocky and moderate very fine and fine granular structure; slightly hard, friable, slightly sticky and slightly plastic; weakly smeary; common very fine, fine, medium, and coarse roots; common very fine and fine tubular and irregular pores; 20 percent gravel; very strongly acid (pH 4.6); clear wavy boundary.

Bw2--8 to 19 inches; brown (7.5YR 4/4) gravelly medial loam, yellowish brown (10YR 5/6) dry; moderate very fine, fine, and medium subangular blocky structure; slightly hard, friable, slightly sticky and slightly plastic; weakly smeary; common very fine, fine, medium, and coarse roots; common very fine and fine tubular and irregular pores; 10 percent gravel, 5 percent cobbles; very strongly acid (pH 4.6); clear wavy boundary.

Bw3--19 to 32 inches; strong brown (7.5YR 4/6) medial loam, brownish yellow (10YR 6/6) dry; weak very fine, fine, and medium subangular blocky structure; slightly hard, friable, slightly sticky and slightly plastic; weakly smeary; few very fine, fine, and medium roots; few very fine and fine tubular and irregular pores; 10 percent gravel; strongly acid (pH 5.2); clear wavy boundary.

Bw4--32 to 41 inches; dark yellowish brown (10YR 3/6) medial sandy loam, brownish yellow (10YR 6/6) dry; weak very fine, fine, and medium subangular blocky structure; slightly hard, friable, slightly sticky and slightly plastic; weakly smeary; few very fine roots;few very fine and fine irregular pores; 10 percent gravel; very strongly acid (pH 5.0); clear wavy boundary.

Bw5--41 to 47 inches; dark yellowish brown (10YR 3/6) very gravelly medial sandy loam, brownish yellow (10YR 6/6) dry; weak very fine, fine, and medium subangular blocky structure; slightly hard, friable, slightly sticky and slightly plastic; weakly smeary; few very fine roots; few very fine and fine irregular pores; 35 percent gravel, 5 percent cobbles; very strongly acid (pH 5.0); clear wavy boundary.

Bw6--47 to 62 inches; dark yellowish brown (10YR 3/6) extremely gravelly medial sandy loam, brownish yellow (10YR 6/6) dry; weak very fine, fine, and medium subangular blocky and weak very fine and fine granular structure; slightly hard, friable, slightly sticky and slightly plastic; weakly smeary; 70 percent gravel, 10 percent cobbles; very strongly acid (pH 4.8).

TYPE LOCATION: Grays Harbor County, Washington, about 2.5 miles north-northwest of the intersection of State Highway 101 and Forest Service road #21, about 420 feet east and 635 feet north of the southwest corner of Section 1, T. 23 N., R. 11 W. (Latitude 47 degrees, 31 minutes, 15 seconds North, Longitude 124 degrees, 03 minutes, 54 seconds West)

RANGE IN CHARACTERISTICS: The mean annual soil temperature is 43 to 47 degrees F. The mean summer soil temperature is 47 to 50 degrees F and the mean winter soil temperature is 40 to 45 degrees F. The difference between the mean summer and mean winter soil temperature is 5 to 9 degrees F. These soils are usually moist, and are dry 0 to 30 consecutive days in the soil moisture control section; udic soil moisture regime. Depth to bedrock is greater than 60 inches. The particle-size control section has andic soil properties throughout, and 0 to 45 percent rock fragments by volume with a weighted average of less than 35 percent. The andic soil material has an estimated moist bulk density of 0.30 to 0.70 g/cc, acid-oxalate extractable aluminum plus one half of the acid-oxalate extractable iron of 2 to 5 percent, phosphate retention of 85 to 100 percent, 15-bar water retention of 25 to 50 percent for air dried samples and acid oxalate iron is 1.0 to 2.5 percent. It has 2 to 8 cmol/kg of aluminum. The particle-size control section has 10 to 25 percent field estimated clay and 30 to 55 percent sand.

The A horizon has hue of 10YR or 7.5YR moist and dry, value of 2 or 3 moist and 3 or 4 dry, and chroma of 2 or 3 moist and 3 or 4 dry. It has 20 to 40 percent organic matter.

The Bw horizon has hue of 10YR or 7.5YR moist and dry, value of 3 or 4 moist and 5 through 7 dry, and chroma of 4 or 6 moist and dry. The upper part of the B horizon to a depth of about 30 inches is gravelly medial loam, medial loam, or medial silt loam. It has 7 to 20 percent organic matter. The lower part of the B horizon is medial sandy loam, very gravelly medial sandy loam, or extremely gravelly medial sandy loam. It is very strongly acid or strongly acid. It has 4 to 7 percent organic matter.

COMPETING SERIES: There are no competing series. The Haas series is similar. Haas soils are moderately well drained with redox features at depths of 30 to 40 inches.

GEOGRAPHIC SETTING: Sockeye soils are on mountain slopes and dissected mountain slopes. Slopes are 10 to 75 percent. The soils formed in residuum and colluvium from sedimentary and metasedimentary rocks. Elevations are 800 to 2800 feet. Mean annual precipitation is 90 to 170 inches. Fog drip contributes to the effective precipitation totals. Mean annual temperature is 40 to 45 degrees F. The frost-free season is 120 to 140 days.

GEOGRAPHICALLY ASSOCIATED SOILS: These are the Hookbranch, Lunchcreek, Snahopish, Solleks, Sooes and Stolzenberg soils. Hookbranch and Lunchcreek soils are on mountain slopes and headwalls and are medial-skeletal. Snahopish soils are on mountain slopes and dissected mountain slopes and are medial-skeletal. Solleks soils are on mountain slopes and dissected mountain slopes and are medial-skeletal. Sooes and Stolzenberg are on mountain slopes and have a paralithic contact.

DRAINAGE AND PERMEABILITY: Well drained; moderate or moderately rapid permeability.

USE AND VEGETATION: Timber production, wildlife habitat, recreation, and watershed. Native vegetation is western hemlock, Pacific silver fir, salmonberry, western swordfern, Oregon oxalis, deer fern, threeleaf foamflower, and false-lily-of-the-valley.

DISTRIBUTION AND EXTENT: Washington; MLRA 4A. Series is of small extent.

MLRA SOIL SURVEY REGIONAL OFFICE (MO) RESPONSIBLE: Portland, Oregon

SERIES ESTABLISHED: Grays Harbor County, Washington, 2000; Olympic National Forest.

REMARKS: Diagnostic horizons and features recognized in this pedon are:
Ochric epipedon
Cambic horizon - 4 to 62 inches (Bw1 through Bw6 horizons)
Andic soil properties - 2 to 62 inches (A and Bw1 through Bw6 horizons)
Fulvudands - Organic carbon requirements based on laboratory data from the associated Snahopish and Solleks series.
Mixed mineralogy - Based on laboratory data for Snahopish and Solleks series.
PSCS - 2 to 42 inches (A, Bw1 through Bw4, and a portion of Bw5 horizons)
All depths to diagnostic horizons and features are measured from the top of the first mineral horizon.

National Cooperative Soil Survey
U.S.A.