LOCATION WICKWARE WIEstablished Series
TAXONOMIC CLASS: Fine-silty, mixed, superactive, frigid Haplic Glossudalfs
TYPICAL PEDON: Wickware silt loam - on an east facing convex slope of 8 percent in a cultivated area at an elevation of 1100 feet. (Colors are for moist soil unless otherwise stated.)
Ap--0 to 10 inches; dark brown (10YR 3/3) silt loam, pale brown (10YR 6/3) dry; moderate medium granular structure; friable; common fine and medium roots; neutral; abrupt smooth boundary. (6 to 10 inches thick)
B/E--10 to 17 inches; about 60 percent dark yellowish brown (10YR 4/4) silt loam (Bt); moderate medium subangular blocky structure; friable; few distinct dark brown (7.5YR 3/4) clay films on faces of peds; penetrated by tongues of pale brown (10YR 6/3) silt loam (E), very pale brown (10YR 7/3) dry; moderate medium platy structure; friable; few fine roots; slightly acid; clear smooth boundary. (The glossic horizon ranges from 2 to 30 inches thick.)
Bt1--17 to 25 inches; brown (7.5YR 4/4) silt loam; moderate medium subangular blocky structure; friable; few fine roots; many faint dark brown (7.5YR 3/4) clay films on faces of peds; common prominent very pale brown (10YR 7/3) coatings of clean silt grains on vertical faces of peds; slightly acid; clear wavy boundary.
Bt2--25 to 32 inches; strong brown (7.5YR 4/6) silt loam; moderate coarse subangular blocky structure; friable; few fine roots; many distinct dark brown (7.5YR 3/4) clay films on faces of peds; slightly acid; clear wavy boundary.
Bt3--32 to 36 inches; strong brown (7.5YR 4/6) silt loam; weak coarse subangular blocky structure; friable; few fine roots; common distinct dark brown (7.5YR 3/4) clay films on faces of peds; moderately acid; clear wavy boundary. (Combined thickness of the Bt horizon is 15 to 35 inches)
C--36 to 60 inches; dark yellowish brown (10YR 4/4) silt loam; massive; friable; strongly acid.
TYPE LOCATION: Barron County, Wisconsin; about 3 miles north of Ridgeland; 1800 feet south and 600 feet east of the northwest corner of sec. 19, T. 32 N., R. 12 W.
RANGE IN CHARACTERISTICS: Thickness of the silty mantle is more than 60 inches. Thickness of the solum ranges from 30 to 50 inches. Weighted average clay content of the argillic horizon is 18 to 27 percent. Reaction typically ranges from very strongly acid to slightly acid throughout the pedon, but ranges to neutral in the Ap horizon where the soil is limed.
The Ap horizon has value of 3 or 4 and chroma of 2 or 3. Uncultivated pedons have an A horizon, 1 to 4 inches thick, with hue of 10YR, value of 2 or 3, and chroma of 1 or 2.
Some pedons have an E horizon with value of 4 to 6 and chroma of 2 or 3. Colors of 4/3 or 5/3 have value dry of 7 or more.
Wickware soils have a glossic horizon (E/B or B/E horizons, or both). The E part has color and texture like the E horizon described above. The Bt part has hue of 7.5YR or 10YR, value of 4 or 5, and chroma of 4 to 6.
The Bt horizon has color and texture like the Bt part described above.
The C horizon has hue of 7.5YR or 10YR and value and chroma of 4 to 6.
COMPETING SERIES: These are the Campia, Dobie, Doritty, and Otterholt series. Similar soils are the Crystal Lake, Seaton, and Spencer series. Campia soils formed in silty lacustrine deposits and are stratified within a depth of 40 inches. Dobie soils have a paralithic contact of soft sandstone at a depth of 20 to 40 inches. Doritty soils are mottled and have a perched seasonal water table. Otterholt soils have sandy loam glacial till at a depth of 40 to 60 inches. Crystal Lake soils formed in silty lacustrine deposits and are stratified within 40 inches. Seaton soils are mesic. Spencer soils have redox features, have a perched seasonal water table, and have glacial till at 40 to 60 inches.
GEOGRAPHIC SETTING: Wickware soils are on foot slopes and lower back slopes on valley sides in glaciated bedrock controlled uplands. Slope gradients range from 6 to 20 percent. Wickware soils formed in very deep silty colluvium. Mean annual precipitation ranges from 28 to 33 inches. Mean annual temperature ranges from 39 to 45 degrees F. The frost free period ranges from about 120 to 135 days. Elevation ranges from 800 to 1,950 feet.
GEOGRAPHICALLY ASSOCIATED SOILS: These are Dobie, Doritty, and Quarderer soils. The well drained Dobie soils are nearby on higher positions in the landscape where a loess mantle is thinner over glauconitic sandstone. The moderately well drained Doritty soils are in similar or lower positions on the landscape. The moderately well drained Quarderer soils formed in silty alluvium in lower landscape positions in drainageways.
DRAINAGE AND PERMEABILITY: Well drained. Runoff is moderate or rapid. Permeability is moderate.
USE AND VEGETATION: Most areas are used for cropland. Common crops are corn, small grain, and hay. Native vegetation is northern hardwoods, mainly sugar maple, northern red oak, and American basswood.
DISTRIBUTION AND EXTENT: Northwestern Wisconsin. This soil is of small extent.
MLRA SOIL SURVEY REGIONAL OFFICE (MO) RESPONSIBLE: St. Paul, Minnesota
SERIES ESTABLISHED: Barron County, Wisconsin 1993.
REMARKS: Diagnostic horizons recognized in this pedon are: ochric epipedon - 0 to 10 inches (Ap); glossic horizon - 10 to 17 inches (B/E); argillic horizon - 10 to 36 inches (B/E, Bt1, Bt2, Bt3).
ADDITIONAL DATA: Soil Interpretation Record - WI0481