LOCATION WOLCOTT IN+MI
Established Series
Rev. KL-LCO-DWW
11/2021
WOLCOTT SERIES
The Wolcott series consists of deep, very poorly drained, moderately permeable soils formed in loamy till. Slopes range from 0 to 2 percent. Mean annual precipitation is about 35 inches, and mean annual temperature is about 54 degrees F.
TAXONOMIC CLASS: Fine-loamy, mixed, superactive, mesic Typic Endoaquolls
TYPICAL PEDON: Wolcott clay loam - on a 0 percent slope in a cultivated field. (Colors are for moist soil unless otherwise stated.)
Ap--0 to 10 inches; black (10YR 2/1) clay loam, dark gray (10YR 4/1) dry; moderate medium granular structure; friable; common medium and fine roots; few pebbles; neutral; abrupt smooth boundary. (7 to 10 inches thick)
A12--10 to 15 inches; black (10YR 2/1) clay loam, dark gray (10YR 4/1) dry; common fine distinct grayish brown (2.5Y 5/2) mottles; moderate medium granular structure; friable; common very fine roots; few pebbles; neutral; clear wavy boundary. (3 to 6 inches thick)
B1g--15 to 21 inches; grayish brown (2.5Y 5/2) clay loam; moderate fine subangular blocky structure; friable; common very fine roots; many continuous distinct medium black (10YR 2/1) organic coatings on faces of peds; 5 percent fine gravel; neutral; clear wavy boundary. (3 to 6 inches thick)
B21g--21 to 29 inches; gray (5Y 5/1) clay loam, many fine distinct olive brown (2.5Y 4/4) mottles; moderate medium prismatic structure parting to moderate medium subangular blocky; firm; few very fine roots; many distinct thin very dark gray (10YR 3/1) organic coatings that are continuous on faces of prisms and patchy on faces of interior peds; 5 percent fine gravel; neutral; clear wavy boundary.
B22g--29 to 36 inches; gray (5Y 5/1) clay loam, many medium distinct yellowish brown (10YR 5/6) mottles; moderate medium prismatic structure parting to moderate medium subangular blocky; firm; few very fine roots; many continuous distinct thin dark gray (10YR 4/1) organic coatings on faces of peds; 8 percent fine gravel; neutral; clear wavy boundary. (The combined thickness of the B2 horizon is 13 to 27 inches.)
B3g--36 to 47 inches; gray (5Y 5/1) loam, many medium distinct yellowish brown (10YR 5/6) and strong brown (7.5YR 5/6) mottles; weak medium prismatic structure parting to moderate medium subangular blocky; firm; few very fine roots; many continuous distinct thin dark gray (10YR 4/1) organic coatings on faces of peds; 8 percent fine gravel; neutral; clear wavy boundary. (4 to 11 inches thick)
C1g--47 to 65 inches; light gray (N 6/0) loam, many coarse distinct olive brown (2.5Y 4/4) and grayish brown (2.5Y 5/2) mottles; massive; firm; about 12 percent fine gravel; slight effervescence; mildly alkaline; clear wavy boundary.
C2--65 to 71 inches; olive brown (2.5Y 4/4) loam, many medium distinct light gray (N 6/0) mottles; moderate medium subangular blocky structure; firm; about 12 percent gravel; strong effervescence; moderately alkaline.
TYPE LOCATION: White County, Indiana; 1,825 feet east and 550 feet north of the southwest corner of sec. 22, T. 27 N., R. 6 W.
RANGE IN CHARACTERISTICS: The thickness of the solum ranges from 30 to 60 inches. Gravel content is less than 5 percent in the A horizon and 5 to 10 percent in the B horizon.
The A horizon has hue of 10YR, value of 2 or 3 and chroma of 1 or it is N and value of 2 or 3. Most pedons have few or common, fine, faint, or distinct mottles in the lower part of the A horizon. It is loam, clay loam, or silty clay loam, and neutral or slightly acid.
The B horizon has hue of 10YR, 2.5Y or 5Y, value of 4 through 6 and chroma of 1 or 2. Mottles are common or many, fine to coarse, distinct or prominent. It is loam or clay loam and weighted average is between 27 and 35 percent clay. It is slightly acid or neutral.
The C horizon has hue of 10YR, 2.5Y, 5Y or N, value of 4 through 6, chroma of 0 through 6, and has distinct or prominent mottles. Effervescence is slight to violent. In places bedrock is at a depth of 40 to 60 inches.
COMPETING SERIES: These are
Clyde,
Colwood,
Faxon,
Gansner,
Kossuth,
Letri,
Reddick,
Selma,
Tripoli, and
Webster. Broomfield and Faxon soils have bedrock within 40 inches. Clyde, Colwood, and
Lyles soils have stratified lower sola. Gansner soils are on higher elevations and receive more precipitation. Letri soils occur in drier climates. Reddick soils contain more silt in the lower part of the solum. Selma soils are underlain by sand or loamy sand. Kossuth soils are in a somewhat drier climate and are poorly drained. Tripoli and Webster soils contain considerable amounts of montmorillonite.
GEOGRAPHIC SETTING: Wolcott soils are on nearly level or depressional Wisconsinan till plains. Slope gradient is from 0 to 2 percent. These soils formed in loamy glacial till. Mean annual precipitation ranges from 30 to 40 inches, and mean annual temperature from 47 to 57 degrees F.
GEOGRAPHICALLY ASSOCIATED SOILS: These are the
Conover,
Corwin,
Montmorenci,
Odell, and
Rensselaer soils. Conover soils lack mollic epipedons and are on slightly higher positions. Corwin soils have an argillic horizon and are on gently sloping areas. Montmorenci soils lack mollic epipedons and are on gently sloping areas. Odell soils have an argillic horizon and are on nearby higher topographic positions. Rensselaer soils are in similar positions and have an argillic horizon.
DRAINAGE AND PERMEABILITY: Very poorly drained. Surface runoff is very slow or ponded. Permeability is moderate.
USE AND VEGETATION: Mostly cropped to corn, soybeans, wheat, or hay. A small part is used for oats, sorghum, or permanent pasture. Native vegetation was prairie grass.
DISTRIBUTION AND EXTENT: Northwestern Indiana. The series is of moderate extent.
SOIL SURVEY REGIONAL OFFICE (SSRO) RESPONSIBLE: AMHERST, MASSACHUSETTS
SERIES ESTABLISHED: White County, Indiana, 1979.
National Cooperative Soil Survey
U.S.A.