LOCATION WYOMING PAEstablished Series
TYPICAL PEDON: Wyoming very gravelly sandy loam - woodland. (Colors are for moist soil unless otherwise noted.)
Ap--0 to 7 inches; dark brown (10YR 3/3) very gravelly sandy loam; weak fine granular structure; very friable, nonsticky, nonplastic; many roots; 35 percent rock fragments; very strongly acid; abrupt smooth boundary. (5 to 12 inches thick)
Bw--7 to 15 inches; dark brown (7.5YR 4/4) very gravelly sandy loam; weak fine subangular blocky structur; very friable, nonsticky, nonplastic; common roots; 50 percent rock fragments; very strongly acid; gradual wavy boundary. (5 to 20 inches thick)
BC--15 to 25 inches; dark brown (7.5YR 4/4) extremely gravelly coarse sandy loam; weak fine subangular blocky structure; very friable, nonsticky, nonplastic; common roots; 60 percent rock fragments; very strongly acid; gradual wavy boundary. (0 to 18 inches thick)
C--25 to 65 inches; brown (10YR 4/3) extremely gravelly loamy coarse sand, with stratified sand and gravel; single grain; loose, nonsticky, nonplastic; 65 percent rock fragments; very strongly acid.
TYPE LOCATION: Wyoming County, Pennsylvania; Mehoopany Township, 2 1/2 miles east of Mehoopany, 2 miles east of intersection of Routes 65006 and T435, 100 feet west of T435.
RANGE IN CHARACTERISTICS: Solum thickness ranges from 18 to 35 inches. Depth to bedrock is commonly 10 feet or more. Rock fragments, dominantly of water-rounded sandstone or siltstone up to 8 inches in size, range from 15 to 50 percent by volume in the A horizon, from 20 to 60 percent in the B horizon and from 35 to 75 percent in the BC and C horizons. The soil ranges from extremely acid to moderately acid in all horizons, unless limed.
The Ap horizon has hue of 10YR through 5YR, value of 3 through 5, and chroma of 2 through 4. Undisturbed pedons have a thin A horizon and some pedons have an E horizon. Texture is fine sandy loam, sandy loam or loam in the fine-earth fraction.
The B horizon has hue of 10YR through 2.5YR, value of 4 or 5, and chroma of 3 or 4. Texture is coarse sandy loam, sandy loam or fine sandy loam in the fine-earth fraction with an average or more than 50 percent fine sand or coarser. Some pedons have a BA horizon.
The C horizon has hue of 10YR through 2.5YR, value of 4 or 5, and chroma of 2 through 4. Texture is sandy loam, loamy sand or sand in the fine-earth fraction but texture above a depth of 25 inches is sandy loam.
COMPETING SERIES: The Berks, Blasdell, Calvin, Cardiff, Chenango, Dekalb, Hazleton, Itswoot, Lehew, Lippitt, Manlius, Oquaga, Parker, Remote, Sylco, Tunkhannock, Warwick, and Watt series are in the same family. Berks, Blasdell, and Cardiff soils have B horizon textures of silt loam and loam. Calvin, Dekalb, Lehew, Lippitt, Manlius, Oquaga, Sylco, and Watt soils have bedrock between 20 and 40 inches. Chenango and Tunkhannock soils have B horizons whose texture is silt loam, loam or sandy loam with less than 50 percent sand coarser than very fine sand in the particle-size control section. Hazleton soils contain angular rock fragments and have B horizon texture of loam and sandy loam with less than 50 percent of fine sand coarser than very fine sand in the particle-size control section. Itswoots soils have sola thicker than 40 inches. Parker soils contain rock fragments of gneiss. Remote soils have more than 22 percent clay in the particle-size control section. Warwick soils have color value of 3 or less in the lower part of the series control section.
GEOGRAPHIC SETTING: Wyoming soils are nearly level to very steep soils on outwash terraces, moraines, kames, eskers, and valley trains. Slope gradients range from about 0 to 45 percent. They formed in gravelly, water-sorted material derived from red and gray sandstone, siltstone, and shale. The climate is humid and temperate. Mean annual precipitation ranges from 32 to 45 inches. Mean annual air temperature ranges from 45 to 55 degrees F., and the frost-free season ranges from 120 to 180 days.
GEOGRAPHICALLY ASSOCIATED SOILS: These include the competing Chenango and Tunkhannock series and the Barbour, Braceville, Linden, Lordstown, Mardin, Oquaga, Pope, and Wellsboro series. The Barbour, Linden, and Pope soils are on floodplains. Braceville, Mardin, and Wellsboro soils have a fragipan. Lordstown and Oquaga soils have bedrock within 40 inches.
DRAINAGE AND PERMEABILITY: Somewhat excessively drained. Runoff is slow to medium. Permeability is rapid.
USE AND VEGETATION: Most gently sloping areas are cleared and used for general farm crops. Some areas are being urbanized. Wooded areas contain maple, beech, ash, oak, hemlock and white pine.
DISTRIBUTION AND EXTENT: Pennsylvania and possibly New Jersey. The series is of moderate extent. Pennsylvania has about 40,000 acres.
MLRA SOIL SURVEY REGIONAL OFFICE (MO) RESPONSIBLE: Amherst, Massachusetts
SERIES ESTABLISHED: Crawford County, Pennsylvania, 1973.
REMARKS: Diagnostic horizons and features recognized in this pedon are:
a. Ochric epipedon - the zone from the surface of the soil to a depth of about 7 inches (Ap horizon).
b. Cambic horizon - the zone from 7 to 15 inches (Bw horizon).