LOCATION ALMO                    TN

Established Series
Rev. JAE:JCT:WTB
02/2013

ALMO SERIES

The Almo series consists of poorly drained soils that have a fragipan. These soils are on broad level terraces in the Southern Coastal Plain region. Slopes range from 0 to 2 percent.

TAXONOMIC CLASS: Fine-silty, mixed, active, thermic Typic Fragiaqualfs

TYPICAL PEDON: Almo silt loam on a level low terrace, cultivated.(Colors are for moist soil unless otherwise stated.)

Ap--0 to 7 inches; grayish brown (10YR 5/2) silt loam; few fine faint brown mottles; weak medium granular structure; friable; common fine roots; few fine dark concretions; strongly acid; clear smooth boundary. (5 to 10 inches thick)

B2g--7 to 23 inches; gray (10YR 6/1) silt loam; common medium distinct brown (10YR 5/3) mottles; weak medium subangular blocky structure; friable; few fine roots few fine dark concretions; strongly acid; clear smooth boundary. (10 to 20 inches thick)

Bx1--23 to 42 inches; gray (10YR 6/1) silt loam; common fine and medium distinct yellowish brown (10YR 5/4) and light olive brown (2.5Y 5/4) mottles; weak coarse prismatic structure parting to weak medium angular blocky; firm and brittle; grayish clay films on faces of prisms; few irregular veins of grayish clay; coatings of gray silt on faces of some prisms; few fine dark concretions; strongly acid; gradual wavy boundary. (8 to 20 inches thick)

Bx2--42 to 58 inches; gray (10YR 6/1) clay loam; common medium distinct light olive brown (2.5Y 5/4) and yellowish brown (10YR 5/6) mottles; weak coarse prismatic structure parting to weak medium angular blocky; firm and brittle; few veins of grayish clay and clay films on faces of some peds; few fine dark concretions; strongly acid; gradual wavy boundary. (8 to 18 inches thick)

2B21t--58 to 72 inches; yellowish brown (10YR 5/4) loam; common medium distinct brown (10YR 5/3) and gray (10YR 6/1) mottles; weak medium and fine angular blocky structure; friable; few seams and coatings of grayish clay; few fine dark concretions; moderately acid; gradual smooth boundary. (8 to 18 inches thick)

2B22t--72 to 90 inches; yellowish brown (10YR 5/4) loam; many medium distinct light brownish gray (10YR 6/2) and brown (10YR 4/3) mottles; weak medium and fine subangular blocky structure; friable; few seams and coatings of grayish clay; few fine concretions; neutral.

TYPE LOCATION: Carroll County, Tennessee; 10 miles northwest of Huntingdon; 2 miles west of Jarrell; on South Fork Obion River.

RANGE IN CHARACTERISTICS: Thickness of solum exceeds 60 inches. Combined thickness of horizons having less than 10 percent sand is less than 48 inches. The soil is strongly acid or very strongly acid in the upper part of the solum except for surface layers that have been limed. It ranges from medium acid to neutral in the lower part of the solum. The calcium-magnesium ratio ranges from about 0.1 to 0.9.

The A horizon is brown (10YR 5/3, 4/3), dark grayish brown (10YR 4/2), grayish brown (10YR 5/2), or light brownish gray (10YR 6/2). It is silt loam.

The B horizon is gray (10YR 6/1, 5/1; N 6/0) or light brownish gray (10YR 6/2; 2.5Y 6/2). It has few or common mottles in shades of yellow, olive, and brown. It is silt loam.

The Bx horizon is gray (10YR 6/1, 5/1; N 6/0), light brownish gray (10YR 6/2; 2.5Y 6/2) or light gray (10YR 7/1). it has common distinct mottles of shades of olive, yellow, and brown. It is silt loam, loam, clay loam, or silty clay loam.

The IIBt horizon is yellowish brown (10YR 5/4) or has colors similar to those given for the Bx horizon. It is loam, clay loam, silty clay loam, or silt loam with a high component of sand.

COMPETING SERIES: These are no other soils in this family. Closely related soils are the Almaville, Hatchie, and Henry series. Almaville soils have siliceous mineralogy and the fragipan is underlain by clay that developed in residuum from limestone. Hatchie soils are better drained han Almo soils. Hatchie soils have dominant color of yellowish brown in the B horizon above the fragipan. Henry soils have less than 10 percent sand to depths greater than 48 inches.

GEOGRAPHIC SETTING: Almo soils are on broad level terraces only a few feet above the flood plain. Slopes are less than 2 percent. Mean annual temperature ranges from 59 degrees to 62 degrees F., and mean annual precipitation ranges from 48 to 54 inches.

GEOGRAPHICALLY ASSOCIATED SOILS: These are the moderately well drained Freeland series and the somewhat poorly drained Hatchie series. The somewhat poorly drained Falaya series and the poorly drained Waverly series are a few feet lower on the adjacent bottomlands.

DRAINAGE AND PERMEABILITY: Almo soils are poorly drained; runoff and permeability are slow.

USE AND VEGETATION: These soils are used mostly for growing soybeans, pasture, and cotton. The original vegetation was mixed hardwoods.

DISTRIBUTION AND EXTENT: Coastal Plain region of western Tenneseee; The series is of moderate extent.

MLRA SOIL SURVEY REGIONAL OFFICE (MO) RESPONSIBLE: AUBURN, ALABAMA

SERIES ESTABLISHED: Decatur County, Tennessee; 1943.

REMARKS: These soils formerly were classified with fragipans in the Planosols great soil group.

---

National Cooperative Soil Survey
U.S.A.