LOCATION FREELAND TN+AR KYEstablished Series
TAXONOMIC CLASS: Fine-silty, siliceous, active, thermic Oxyaquic Fraglossudalfs
TYPICAL PEDON: Freeland silt loam - cultivated. (Colors are for moist soil unless otherwise stated.)
Ap--0 to 13 inches; brown (10YR 4/3) silt loam; weak fine granular structure; very friable; many fine roots; medium acid; clear smooth boundary. (Combined thickness of A horizon ranges from 6 to 15 inches.)
Btl--13 to 20 inches; dark yellowish brown (10YR 4/4) silt loam; weak fine subangular blocky structure; friable; common fine roots; few fine discontinuous pores; few fine weakly cemented dark brown iron and manganese nodules; strongly acid; clear smooth boundary.
Bt2--20 to 27 inches; yellowish brown (10YR 5/6) silt loam; weak fine and medium subangular blocky structure; friable; few fine roots; few fine discontinuous pores; few fine weakly cemented dark brown iron and manganese nodules; strongly acid; gradual smooth boundary.
Bt3--27 to 36 inches; yellowish brown (10YR 5/6) silt loam; few fine distinct pale brown (10YR 6/3) mottles; weak medium subangular blocky structure; friable; few fine roots; few fine discontinuous pores; few fine weakly cemented strong brown iron and manganese nodules; very strongly acid; clear smooth boundary.
E/B--36 to 41 inches; E part, light gray (10YR 7/1) silt loam; many medium distinct yellowish brown (10YR 5/4), few fine prominent brownish yellow (10YR 6/6), and few fine faint light brownish gray mottles; weak fine and medium subangular blocky structure; friable in about 60 percent; few fine roots; Btx part, yellowish brown (10YR 5/6) silt loam; moderate fine and medium subangular blocky structure; firm and brittle in about 40 percent; common fine discontinuous pores; few fine strong brown iron and manganese concretions; very strongly acid; abrupt irregular boundary. (3 to 10 inches thick)
Btx1--41 to 50 inches; mottled yellowish brown (10YR 5/6), gray (10YR 6/1) and strong brown (7.5YR 5/6) silt loam; moderate very coarse prismatic structure parting to moderate medium subangular blocky; very firm and brittle; few fine roots in gray seams; few fine discontinuous pores; common distinct grayish clay films on faces of peds and prisms; vertical gray seams 1/8 to 1 1/2 inches wide that are silty clay loam with pockets of loam; few fine strong brown iron and manganese concretions; very strongly acid; gradual smooth boundary.
2Btx-2--50 to 67 inches; mottled light gray (2.5Y 7/2) light olive brown (2.5Y 5/6), and light yellowish brown (2.5Y 6/4) loam; moderate very coarse prismatic structure parting to weak medium subangular blocky; very firm and brittle; common distinct grayish clay films on faces of peds and prisms; few fine discontinuous pores; vertical gray seams 1/8 to 1 1/2 inches wide that are silty clay loam with pockets of loam; common fine strong brown and dark brown iron and manganese concretions; few mica flakes; strongly acid; clear smooth boundary.
2Btx3--67 to 79 inches; yellowish brown (10YR 5/6) loam; common medium distinct light brownish gray (10YR 6/2) and strong brown (7.5YR 5/8) and common medium prominent gray (10YR 6/1) mottles; weak very coarse prismatic structure parting to weak medium and coarse subangular blocky; firm and brittle in about 35 percent of the matrix; common distinct gray clay films on faces of prisms; vertical gray seams 1/8 to 1 1/2 inches wide extend to the bottoms of this horizon; common fine strong brown and dark brown iron and manganese concretions; common mica flakes; neutral. (Combined thickness of Btx horizons ranges from 20 to 60 inches or more.)
TYPE LOCATION: McNairy County, Tennessee; 1.1 miles southeast of Eastview, 0.3 miles northeast of intersection of US 45 and Mayflower Road, 0.5 mile west of intersection of Mayflower Road and Hack Bridge Road, 350 feet north of Mayflower Road in field.
RANGE IN CHARACTERISTICS: Solum thickness is 60 or more inches. Depth to layers containing more than 15 percent sand is less than 48 inches. Depth to fragipan commonly ranges from 24 to 40 inches, but may be as shallow as 18 inches in severely eroded areas. Reaction is strongly acid or very strongly acid in the upper part of the solum except where lime has been added. The lower part of the solum ranges from strongly acid to neutral.
The A or Ap horizon has hue of 10YR or 7.5YR, value of 4 or 5, and chroma of 3 or 4. Eroded areas have surface layers with chroma of 6 or 8. Texture is silt loam, fine sandy loam, or loam.
The Bt horizon has hue of 10YR, value of 4 or 5, and chroma of 4 to 8; or hue of 7.5YR, value of 4, and chroma of 4 to 6. Mottles in shades of yellow or brown range from none to common. Texture is silt loam or silty clay loam.
The E part of the E/B horizon, and E horizon where present, have hue of 10YR, value of 6 or 7, and chroma of 3 or less. Mottles of higher chroma range from none to common. Texture is silt loam.
The Btx horizon, in most pedons, has a mottled matrix. Mottles have hue of 10YR, or 2.5Y, values of 4 to 8, and chroma of 1 to 6. In some pedons, the Btx horizon and Btx part of the E/B horizon have hue of 10YR, value of 5 to 6, and chroma of 4 to 8. Mottles of brown, yellow, and gray range from common to many in the Btx horizon. Texture is silt loam or loam.
The 2Btx horizon has colors and textures similar to the Btx. Texture is fine sandy loam, clay loam, and sandy clay loam.
The C horizon, where present, is stratified sandy and loamy sediments. Colors are similar to the Btx horizon. Texture of strata ranges from loamy sand to clay loam.
COMPETING SERIES: There are no series in the same family. Bude, Byram, Calloway, Dulac, Duralde, Gigger, Grenada, Hatchie, Loring, Necessity, Paden, Providence and Woodmont soils are in related families. All of these, except the Hatchie and Woodmont soils, have mixed mineralogy. In addition, Loring and Grenada soils contain less than 10 percent sand in the control section; and Bude, Calloway, and Necessity soils have mottles of chroma 2 or less in the upper 10 inches of the B horizon or within 16 inches of the surface. Hatchie and Woodmont soils have mottles with chroma 2 or less throughout the B horizon. Byram, Dulac, Gigger, Loring and Providence do not have layers with at least a 3 percent decrease in clay immediately above the fragipan. Duralde soils have fragic properties but do not have a fragipan. Paden soils have base saturation of less than 35 percent.
GEOGRAPHIC SETTING: Freeland soils are on nearly level to strongly sloping terraces. Slopes are mostly 0 to 8 percent but range up to 12 percent in dissected landscapes. The soil formed in a silty mantle of loess over loamy alluvium. Average annual temperature ranges from 59 to 62 degrees F., and average annual precipitation ranges from 49 to 55 inches.
GEOGRAPHICALLY ASSOCIATED SOILS: These are the competing Dulac, Hatchie and Providence series, and the Lexington, Smithdale, Collins, and Iuka series. Dulac, Providence, Lexington and Smithdale soils are on adjacent uplands. Hatchie soils are on lower adjacent terraces. Collins and Iuka soils are on nearby floodplains.
DRAINAGE AND PERMEABILITY: Moderately well drained. Moderate permeability above the fragipan, slow in the fragipan. Runoff is slow to medium.
USE AND VEGETATION: Used mainly for growing soybeans, corn, small grains, hay and pasture. A small acreage is used for growing cotton. A small portion is in forests of pine and mixed hardwoods.
DISTRIBUTION AND EXTENT: The Coastal Plain area of West Tennessee and possibly in Alabama and Mississippi. The series is of moderate extent.
MLRA SOIL SURVEY REGIONAL OFFICE (MO) RESPONSIBLE: Auburn, Alabama
SERIES ESTABLISHED: Madison County, Tennessee; West Tennessee Experiment Station, 1937.
REMARKS: Diagnostic horizons and features recognized in this pedon are:
Ochric epipedon - the zone from the soil surface to about 13 inches (Ap).
Argillic horizon - the zone from about 13 inches to 79 inches, except from 36 to 41 inches (E/B) (argillic above the pan is not diagnostic).
Fragipan - the zone from about 41 inches to about 67 inches (Btx1, 2Btx2)
Glossic horizon- from 36 to 41 inches.
ADDITIONAL DATA: Samples Numbers 77P0168-77P0176, NSSL, Lincoln, Nebraska.
Classification only was changed in 7/94. Competing series and other items will be updated later.