LOCATION ANCHOR                  AK

Established Series
SAS/MHC/MPR
02/2022

ANCHOR SERIES

Landscape--shore complexes
Landform--tidal flats
Slope--0 to 2 percent
Parent material--organic material over silty marine deposits
Mean annual precipitation--about 760 mm
Mean annual air temperature--about 1 degree C
Depth class--very deep
Drainage class--very poorly drained
Soil moisture regime--peraquic
Soil temperature regime--cryic
Soil moisture subclass--typic

TAXONOMIC CLASS: Coarse-silty, isotic, nonacid Histic Cryaquepts

TYPICAL PEDON: Anchor peat on a linear tidal flat, on a slope of 0 percent at an elevation of 0 m (The soil was saturated throughout the profile when described on July 24, 2010.)

Oi1--0 to 18 cm; peat, brown (10YR 5/3) dry, dark brown (10YR 3/3) moist; many very fine and fine and common medium roots; slightly acid (pH 6.2); clear smooth boundary

Oi2--18 to 39 cm; peat, gray (2.5Y 6/1) dry, dark gray (2.5Y 4/1) moist; many very fine and fine roots; neutral (pH 6.6); clear smooth boundary

Cg--39 to 150 cm; silt, gray (5Y 6/1) dry, dark gray (5Y 4/1) moist; massive; moderately hard, firm, slightly sticky and nonplastic; many very fine and common fine roots; neutral (pH 6.7)

TYPE LOCATION: Dillingham Census Area, Alaska, about 2 km west of the village of Twin Hills; latitude 59.0752778 degrees north, longitude 160.3163889 degrees west, datum WGS 84 (coordinates determined with a GPS)

RANGE IN CHARACTERISTICS:
Mean annual soil temperature--1 to 4 degrees C
Soil moisture control section--saturated in all parts during the growing season (peraquic moisture regime)
Aquic conditions--present throughout the profile
Combined thickness of organic soil layers--20 to 40 cm

Particle-size control section
*Clay content--5 to 15 percent
*Sand content--0 to 20 percent
*Content of particles that are 0.1 to 77.0 mm in diameter (fine sand or coarser)--0 to 15 percent
*Sodium fluoride pH--greater than or equal to 8.4
*Ratio of 1500 kPa water to measured clay--greater than or equal to 0.6

Oi1 horizon
Thickness--5 to 30 cm
Rubbed fiber content--75 to 100 percent

Oi2 horizon
Thickness--5 to 30 cm
Rubbed fiber content--40 to 75 percent
Color value and chroma of sodium pyrophosphate--7/1, 7/2, 8/1, 8/2, 8/3

Cg horizon
Hue--5Y
Value--4 or 5 moist, 6 or 7 dry
Chroma--1 or 2 moist
Fine-earth texture--silt, silt loam
Clay content--5 to 15 percent
Reaction--6.0 to 7.5
Electrical conductivity--4 to 8 ds/m
Thickness--greater than 110 cm

COMPETING SERIES: None

GEOGRAPHIC SETTING:
Elevation--0 to 15 m
Climate--warm, moist summers; cold, moist winters
Mean annual precipitation--760 to 780 mm
Mean annual air temperature--0.9 to 1.7 degrees C
Frost-free period--85 to 140 days

GEOGRAPHICALLY ASSOCIATED SOILS:
Longarm--ochric epipedon; coarse fragments present; no ponding; moderately acid or slightly acid
Ekiligamut--organic soil material more than 130 cm thick; rare flooding
Kipnuktuli--hemic soil material 40 to 130 cm thick; frequent flooding; no ponding

DRAINAGE AND SATURATED HYDRAULIC CONDUCTIVITY:
Drainage class--very poorly drained
Flooding--very frequent, very brief periods
Saturation in normal years--at the soil surface and throughout the profile during all months
Saturated hydraulic conductivity (Ksat)--moderately high or high throughout the profile

USE AND VEGETATION:
Use--wildlife habitat, recreation, subsistence
Potential natural vegetation--water sedge, Lyngbye's sedge, mare's-tail, purple marshlocks, western water hemlock

DISTRIBUTION AND EXTENT: Ahklun Mountains, Alaska; MLRA 237; small extent

SOIL SURVEY REGIONAL OFFICE (SSRO) RESPONSIBLE: WASILLA, ALASKA

SERIES ESTABLISHED: Togiak National Wildlife Refuge, Bethel Census Area, Alaska; 2019

REMARKS:
Diagnostic horizons and other features in this pedon
*Particle-size control section--zone from 64 to 139 cm
*Histic epipedon--Oi horizon
*Aquic conditions--throughout the profile
*Reduced matrix-Cg horizon

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National Cooperative Soil Survey
U.S.A.