LOCATION ANTEL                   NV

Established Series
Rev: CEJ/GJS/JBF
02/2016

ANTEL SERIES

The Antel series consists of very deep, moderately well drained soils that formed in silty textured alluvium from mixed sediments of mostly volcanic rocks, tuff, loess and volcanic ash. The Antel soils are on fan skirts and stream terraces. Slopes are 0 to 2 percent. The mean annual precipitation is about 180 mm and the mean annual temperature is about 9 degrees C.

TAXONOMIC CLASS: Fine-silty, mixed, superactive, mesic Durinodic Haplocambids

TYPICAL PEDON: Antel silt loam--rangeland. (Colors are for dry soil unless otherwise noted.)

A--0 to 13 cm; light gray (10YR 7/2) silt loam, brown (10YR 4/3) moist; strong coarse and very coarse prismatic structure parting to moderate thin and medium platy; slightly hard, very friable,, slightly sticky and plastic; few very fine roots; many very fine vesicular, interstitial and tubular pores; slightly effervescent, moderately alkaline (pH 8.4); clear smooth boundary. (13 to 20 cm thick)

Bw--13 to 28 cm; very pale brown (10YR 7/3) silt loam, dark yellowish brown (10YR 4/4) moist; strong thin and medium platy structure; slightly hard, very friable, slightly sticky and plastic; common very fine and few fine and medium roots; many very fine interstitial and tubular pores; moderately alkaline (pH 8.4); clear irregular boundary. (13 to 30 cm thick)

Bq--28 to 41 cm; very pale brown (10YR 7/3) silty clay loam, brown (10YR 4/3) moist; moderate medium platy structure; hard, very friable, sticky and plastic; common very fine and few fine and medium roots; common very fine interstitial and tubular pores; 30 percent, 10 to 30 mm, weak and moderately strong durinodes; moderately alkaline (pH 8.2); gradual wavy boundary. (0 to 15 cm thick)

2Bq--41 to 64 cm; very pale brown (10YR 8/2) very fine sandy loam (Dominantly volcanic ash), yellowish brown (10YR 5/4) moist; few fine faint iron mottles brown (10YR 4/3) moist; massive; slightly hard, very friable, slightly sticky and slightly plastic; common very fine and few fine roots; common very fine tubular pores; 30 percent, 10 to 20 mm, weak and moderately strong durinodes; slightly effervescent; moderately alkaline (pH 8.4); abrupt wavy boundary. (0 to 23 cm thick)

3Bqk1--64 to 94 cm; grayish brown (10YR 5/2) silty clay loam, brown (10YR 4/3) moist; common fine faint iron mottles yellowish brown (10YR5/4) and dark yellowish brown (10YR 4/4) moist; moderate medium prismatic structure that parts to weak fine angular blocky; slightly hard, very friable, moderately sticky and very plastic; few very fine and fine roots; common very fine tubular pores; 20 percent, 10 to 20 mm, weak and moderately strong durinodes; common fine white (10YR 8/1) lime filaments, strongly effervescent; strongly alkaline (pH 9.0); gradual wavy boundary. (25 to 40 cm thick)

3Bqk2--94 to 152 cm; pale brown (10YR 6/3) silty clay loam, dark brown (10YR 3/3) moist; common fine distinct iron mottles dark yellowish brown (10YR 4/4) and faint very dark grayish brown (10YR 3/2) moist; moderate medium prismatic structure that parts to moderate fine angular blocky; hard, very friable, moderately sticky and very plastic; few very fine and fine roots; common very fine tubular pores; 10 percent, 10 to 20 millimeter, weak and moderately strong durinodes; few very dark gray (10YR 3/1) and black (10YR 2/1) moist iron manganese streaks; few fine white (10YR 8/1) filaments and soft masses of lime; slightly effervescent matrix; violently effervescent segregated lime; strongly alkaline (pH 8.6); clear smooth boundary. (25 to 64 cm thick)

3Bk--152 to 168 cm; very pale brown (10YR 7/3) silt loam, dark grayish brown (10YR 4/2) moist; massive; slightly hard, very friable, slightly sticky and moderately plastic; many very fine tubular pores; 5 percent, 2 to 10 millimeter, rounded and subrounded gravel; few fine very pale brown (10YR 8/2) and very pale brown (10YR 7/3) moist lime filaments; strongly effervescent; moderately alkaline (pH 8.4)

TYPE LOCATION: Lander County, Nevada; approximately 39 miles southwest of Battle Mountain, about 1,000 feet east and 160 feet north of the southwest corner of section 20, T. 26 N., R. 43 E.; USGS The Cedars SW 7.5 minute topographic quadrangle; latitude 40 degrees 06 minutes 07 seconds north and longitude 117 degrees 10 minutes 21 seconds W; WGS84 Decimal Degrees 40.1019444 latitude, -117.1725000 longitude.

RANGE IN CHARACTERISTICS:
Soil moisture: Usually dry, but are moist in some part for short periods from October to May; typic aridic soil moisture regime.
Mean annual soil temperature: 8 to 12 degrees C.
Depth to Bq horizon: 28 to 50 cm.
Reaction: Moderately alkaline to strongly alkaline.
Salt and sodium: Are moderately or strongly affected at depths below 50 to 76 cm and free or slightly affected above. Some pedons are moderately sodic affected in the upper part.
Other features - At depths below 50 cm, a horizon that is less than 13 cm thick and is 10 percent weakly discontinuously silica and carbonate cemented occurs in some pedons. Faint or distinct relict iron mottles are common in any horizon below 40 cm.

Particle-size control section - Clay content: 27 to 35 percent.
Texture: Stratified very fine sandy loam, silt loam, silty clay loam, or light silty clay, averaging silty clay loam.
Rock fragments: 0 to 5 percent gravel.

A horizon
Hue: 10YR or 2.5Y.
Value: 6 or 7 dry, 3 through 5 moist.
Chroma: 2 through 4.
Structure: Platy or prismatic.
Other features: Noneffervescent in some pedons.

Bw horizon
Hue: 10YR or 2.5Y.
Value: 6 or 7 dry, 3 through 5 moist.
Chroma: 2 through 4.
Structure: Platy or prismatic

Bq horizon
Hue: 10YR or 2.5Y.
Value: 5 through 8 dry, 3 through 5 moist.
Chroma: 2 through 4.
Structure: Prismatic parting to angular blocky or platy or the horizon is massive.
Consistence: Slightly hard or hard dry, slightly sticky or sticky and slightly plastic or plastic wet.
Effervescence: Slightly effervescent through violently effervescent. Cementation: 20 to 40 percent weakly or strongly silica cemented durinodes.

Bqk horizons - Hue: 10YR or 2.5Y.
Value: 5 through 8 dry, 3 through 5 moist.
Chroma: 2 through 4.
Structure: Prismatic parting to angular blocky or platy or the horizon is massive.
Consistence: Slightly hard or hard dry, slightly sticky or sticky and slightly plastic or plastic wet.
Effervescence: Slightly effervescent through violently effervescent. Cementation: 10 to 20 percent weakly to strongly silica cemented durinodes.

COMPETING SERIES: This is the Relley series. Relley soils have dominantly silt loam textured particle-size control sections with 18 to 27 percent clay.

GEOGRAPHIC SETTING: Antel soils are on fan skirts and stream terraces. These soils formed in silty textured alluvium from mixed sediments of mostly volcanic rocks, tuffs, loess and volcanic ash. Slopes are 0 to 2 percent. Elevations are 1,405 to 1,525 meters. The climate is cool, semiarid with hot, dry summers and cool, moist winters. The mean annual precipitation is 150 to 200 mm; mean annual temperature is 8 to 10 degrees C., and the frost-free season is 100 to 120 days.

GEOGRAPHICALLY ASSOCIATED SOILS: These are the Batan, Creemon, Hessing and Wholan soils and the competing Relley soils. Batan soils lack cambic horizons and are calcareous throughout. Creemon and Wholan soils have coarse-silty control sections. Hessing and Wholan soils lack Bq horizons with more than 20 percent durinodes in a friable matrix.

DRAINAGE AND PERMEABILITY: Moderately well drained; slow or very slow runoff; moderately slow permeability; moderately high saturated hydraulic conductivity. Flooded phases are recognized.

USE AND VEGETATION: Irrigated agriculture, livestock grazing and wildlife habitat. The native vegetation is principally shadscale, bud sagebrush, suaeda, pepperweed and other mustards. On flooded areas it is principally big sagebrush, shadscale, Great Basin wildrye, foxtail and some greasewood.

DISTRIBUTION AND EXTENT: North-central Nevada. These soils are not extensive.

MLRA SOIL SURVEY REGIONAL OFFICE (MO) RESPONSIBLE: Davis, California

SERIES ESTABLISHED: Lander County, North Part, Nevada, 1974.

REMARKS: Antel soils were classified as Alluvial soils.
Diagnostic horizons and features recognized in this pedon are:
Ochric epipedon - The zone from the surface to 18 cm (The A and part of the Bw horizons).
Cambic horizon - The zone from about 13 to 28cm (Bw horizon).
Endosaturation feature - The zone from 41 t0 152 cm (The 2Bq, 3Bqk1 and 2Bqk2 horizons).
Silica accumulation - The zone from about 41 to 94 cm (2Bq and 3Bqk1 horizons).
Particle-size control section - The zone from 25 to 100 cm (includes all or part of the Bw, Bq, 2Bq, 3Bqk1, and 3Bqk2 horizons).

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National Cooperative Soil Survey
U.S.A.