LOCATION BACID COEstablished Series
TAXONOMIC CLASS: Fine, smectitic, mesic Ustic Haplargids
TYPICAL PEDON: Bacid silt loam - nonirrigated field. (Colors are for dry soil unless otherwise noted.)
Ap--0 to 4 inches; brown (10YR 5/3) silt loam, dark grayish brown (10YR 4/2) moist; moderate fine granular structure; soft, friable, slightly sticky and slightly plastic; many fine roots; noneffervescent; slightly alkaline; abrupt smooth boundary. (3 to 6 inches thick)
Bt1--4 to 6 inches; brown (10YR 5/3) silty clay loam, brown (10YR 4/3) moist; weak coarse prismatic structure parting to moderate medium subangular blocky; hard, firm, moderately sticky and moderately plastic; many fine roots; few faint clay films on faces of peds; noneffervescent; slightly alkaline; clear smooth boundary. (0 to 4 inches thick)
Bt2--6 to 11 inches; brown (10YR 5/3) silty clay loam, brown (10YR 4/3) moist; moderate medium prismatic structure parting to moderate fine and medium angular blocky; very hard, very firm, very sticky and very plastic; many fine roots; common distinct clay films on faces of peds; noneffervescent; slightly alkaline; clear smooth boundary. (5 to 14 inches thick)
Btk1--11 to 15 inches; pale brown (10YR 6/3) silty clay, brown (10YR 5/3) moist; moderate medium prismatic structure parting to moderate medium angular blocky; very hard, very firm, very sticky and very plastic; many fine roots; few distinct clay films on faces of peds; few fine and medium masses of calcium carbonate throughout; strongly effervescent; moderately alkaline; clear smooth boundary. (3 to 6 inches thick)
Btk2--15 to 21 inches; pale brown (10YR 6/3) silty clay, dark grayish brown (10YR 4/2) moist; weak medium prismatic structure parting to moderate medium subangular blocky; very hard, very firm, very sticky and very plastic; many fine roots; common very fine pores; very few faint clay films on faces of peds and in pores; few fine masses ofcalcium carbonate throughout; violently effervescent; moderately alkaline; clear wavy boundary. (0 to 6 inches thick)
Bk1--21 to 33 inches; pale brown (10YR 6/3) silty clay loam, brown (10YR 5/3) moist; weak medium and coarse prismatic structure parting to weak medium and coarse subangular blocky; hard, firm, very sticky and moderately plastic; few fine roots; few very fine pores; few fine masses of calcium carbonate throughout; violently effervescent; moderately alkaline; gradual wavy boundary. (10 to 20 inches thick)
Bk2--33 to 60 inches; very pale brown (10YR 7/3) silty clay loam, pale brown (10YR 6/3) moist; weak coarse prismatic structure parting to weak medium and coarse subangular blocky; soft, friable, moderately sticky and moderately plastic; few very fine roots; common very fine pores; many fine masses of calcium carbonate throughout; violently effervescent; moderately alkaline.
TYPE LOCATION: Lincoln County, Colorado; approximately 14 miles east and 41 miles south of Hugo; 1,954 feet east and 105 feet north of the southwest corner of Sec. 34, T. 17 S., R. 52 W. 38 degrees 31 minutes 28 seconds north latitude and 103 degrees 13 minutes 13 seconds west longitude.
RANGE IN CHARACTERISTICS:
Soil moisture: Moist in some or all parts in May and June and intermittently in July and August.
Soil moisture regime: Ustic-Aridic moisture regime.
Soil temperature: 49 to 54 degrees F.
Thickness of the Argillic: 8 to 30 inches
Depth to calcium carbonate: 8 to 20 inches
C horizons are present in some pedons.
Particle size control section:
Clay content: 35 to 50 percent
Silt content: 35 to 60 percent
Sand content: 5 to 20 percent sand, with less than 15 percent fine or coarser sand
Rock fragment content: 0 to 5 percent
A horizon:
Hue: 10YR
Value: 4 through 6, 3 or 4 moist
Chroma: 2 or 3
Texture: silt loam or silty clay loam
Reaction: neutral through moderately alkaline
Bt horizons:
Hue: 7.5YR through 2.5Y
Value: 5 through 7, 4 or 5 moist
Chroma: 2 through 4
Texture: silty clay loam, silty clay, or clay
Reaction: neutral through moderately alkaline
Btk horizons:
Hue: 7.5YR through 2.5Y
Value: 5 through 7, 4 or 5 moist
Chroma: 2 through 4
Texture: silty clay loam, silty clay, or clay
Calcium carbonate equivalent: 5 to 15 percent
Reaction: moderately alkaline or strongly alkaline
Bk horizons:
Hue: 7.5YR to 2.5Y
Value: 5 through 7, 4 through 6 moist
Chroma: 2 through 4
Textures: silt loam, loam or silty clay loam
Calcium carbonate equivalent: 5 to 15 percent
Reaction: moderately alkaline or strongly alkaline
COMPETING SERIES: These are the
Agua Fria(NM),
Arp(AZ),
Bessemer(WY),
Falfa,
Manzanola(CO),
Mughouse(CO),
Rencalson,
Renohill,
Ulm,
Winklo, and
Wyarno series.
Agua Fria soils: have a lithologic discontinuity at depths of 18 to 36 inches.
Arp, Rencalson, Renohill, and Winklo soils: have a paralithic contact at depths of 20 to 40 inches.
Bessemer soils: have greater than 35 percent rock fragments in the substratum.
Falfa soils: have hue of 5YR or redder in the Bt and below.
Manzanola soils: have greater than 15 percent fine and coarser sand in the control section and are calcareous to the surface.
Mughouse soils: have a lithic contact at depths of 20 to 40 inches.
Ulm and Wyarno soils: have more than 15 percent fine sand or coarser in the particle size control section.
GEOGRAPHIC SETTING:
Landform: plains, fans, terraces, and hills
Slopes: 0 to 15 percent
Parent material: alluvium and loess
Elevation ranges from 4,000 to 6,500 feet.
Mean annual precipitation: 11 to 14 inches, most of which falls during the months of April through September
Mean annual temperature: 47 to 53 degrees F.
Mean summer temperature is about 72 degrees F.
The frost free season: 125 to 155 days
GEOGRAPHICALLY ASSOCIATED SOILS: These are the Campo, Fort, and Wilid soils. Campo soils are on plains and have an abrupt textural boundary. Fort soils are on plains and are in the fine-loamy family. Wilid soils are on plains and are in the fine-silty family.
DRAINAGE AND PERMEABILITY: Well-drained; low or medium runoff; slow permeability.
USE AND VEGETATION: These soils are used as rangeland or irrigated and nonirrigated cropland. Native vegetation is mainly blue grama, galleta, sand dropseed, and western wheatgrass.
DISTRIBUTION AND EXTENT: Southeastern and eastern Colorado in MLRA 69 (LRR=G). The soil is of moderate extent.
MLRA SOIL SURVEY REGIONAL OFFICE (MO) RESPONSIBLE: Denver, Colorado
SERIES PROPOSED: Lincoln County Soil Survey, Lincoln County, Colorado.
REMARKS: Diagnostic horizons:
Particle size control section: 4 to 21 inches. (Bt1, Bt2, Btk1, and Btk2 horizons)
Ochric epipedon: 0 to 4 inches. (Ap horizon)
Argillic horizon: 4 to 21 inches. (Bt1, Bt2, Btk1, and Btk2 horizons)
Remarks: The Bacid series replaces Baca in the Ustic-Aridic moisture regime. The Baca series has been reclassified as Fine, smectitic, mesic Aridic Haplustalfs.
Taxonomic Version: Eighth Edition, 1998