LOCATION BETHEL OKInactive Series
TAXONOMIC CLASS: Fine, mixed, active, mesic Typic Hapludults
TYPICAL PEDON: Bethel loamy fine sand, cropland
(Colors are for dry soil unless otherwise stated.)
Ap--0 to 8 inches; grayish brown (10YR 5/2) loamy fine sand, very dark grayish brown (10YR 3/2) moist; weak very fine granular structure; soft, very friable; many very fine and few fine roots; few fine pores; common strong brown (7.5YR 5/6) rhizospheres; moderately acid; clear smooth boundary.
A--8 to 12 inches; grayish brown (10YR 5/2) loamy fine sand, very dark grayish brown (10YR 3/2) moist; weak medium subangular blocky structure parting to moderate medium granular; soft, very friable; many very fine and few fine roots; few fine pores; common strong brown (7.5YR 5/6) rhizospheres; slightly acid; clear smooth boundary.
E--12 to 18 inches; light brownish gray (10YR 6/2) loamy fine sand, dark grayish brown (10YR 4/2) moist; common medium faint very dark grayish brown (10YR 3/2) mottles; moderate medium and coarse prismatic structure parting to moderate medium subangular blocky; soft, very friable; many very fine roots; few fine pores; common strong brown (7.5YR 5/6) rhizospheres; neutral; clear wavy boundary.
Bt--18 to 22 inches; brown (10YR 5/3) sandy clay loam, brown (10YR 4/3) moist; common medium faint dark grayish brown (10YR 4/2) moist and common medium prominent strong brown (7.5YR 4/6) moist redox depletions and concentrations; strong medium and coarse prismatic structure parting to strong medium blocky; very hard, very firm; common discontinuous clay films on faces of peds; many very fine roots; common fine pores; common strong brown (7.5YR 5/6) rhizospheres; slightly alkaline; clear wavy boundary.
Btg1--22 to 34 inches; gray (10YR 5/1) sandy clay, very dark gray (10YR 3/1) moist; common fine distinct dark yellowish brown (10yr 4/4) moist and common fine prominent yellowish brown (10YR 5/6) moist redox concentrations and depletions, moderate medium and coarse prismatic structure parting to moderate medium blocky; very hard, very firm, common continuous distinct clay films on faces of peds; many very fine roots; few fine pores, mildly alkaline; clear irregular boundary.
Btg2--34 to 45 inches; gray (10YR 5/1), very dark gray (10YR 3/1) moist, light gray (10YR 6/1), gray (10YR 5/1) moist, and brownish yellow (10YR 6/6) sandy clay loam, yellowish brown (10YR 5/6) moist; this material is a mixture of redox concentrations and depletions; moderate medium and coarse prismatic structure parting to moderate medium subangular blocky; very hard, firm; common continuous distinct clay films on faces of peds; few very fine roots; few fine pores; neutral; clear irregular boundary.
BCtg--45 to 53 inches; grayish brown (10YR 5/2) sandy loam, dark grayish brown (10YR 4/2) moist; common coarse prominent light yellowish brown (10YR 6/4) moist, common coarse distinct dark yellowish brown (10YR 4/4) moist, and common fine distinct brown (7.5YR 4/2) moist redox concentrations and depletions; moderate medium and coarse prismatic structure parting to weak medium and coarse subangular blocky; hard, friable; few discontinuous faint clay bridging of sands; few very fine roots; few fine pores; neutral; gradual wavy boundary.
BCg--53 to 66 inches; light brown (7.5YR 6/3), brown (7.5YR 5/3) moist, reddish yellow (7.5YR 6/6), strong brown (7.5YR 5/6) moist, light gray (10YR 7/2) light brownish gray (10YR 6/2) moist, sandy loam; this material is a mixture of redox concentrations and depletions, weak coarse subangular blocky structure; slightly hard, very friable; few very fine roots; few fine pores; neutral; gradual wavy boundary.
Btb--66 to 86 inches; pink (7.5YR 7/3) sandy loam, light brown (7.5YR 6/3) moist; many coarse prominent strong brown (7.5YR 4/6) moist redox concentrations; moderate coarse prismatic structure parting to moderate medium subangular blocky; hard, friable; common discontinuous clay films on faces of peds; few very fine roots; few fine pores; slightly alkaline.
TYPE LOCATION: Logan County, Oklahoma, 4.0 miles west and 0.60 miles north of Crescent; 1800 feet east and 2000 feet south of the northwest corner of Sec. 7, T. 17 N., R. 4 W.
RANGE IN CHARACTERISTICS: Solum thickness is greater than 50 inches. Organic matter content is less than 1.0 percent. Depth to water table ranges from .5 to 2.5 inches.
The Ap or A horizon has hue of 7.5YR or 10YR, value of 4 to 6, and chroma of 2 to 4. Texture is loamy fine sand or fine sandy loam. Reaction ranges from moderately acid to neutral.
The E horizon has hue of 7.5YR or 10YR, value of 5 or 6, and chroma of 3 or 4. Some pedons have mottles in shades of brown. Texture is loamy fine sand. Reaction ranges from strongly acid to neutral. Some pedons lack an E horizon due to past cultivation.
The Bt horizon has hue of 7.5YR or 10YR, value of 4 to 6, and chroma of 3 to 6. Redox concentrations and depletions are in shades of brown or gray. Texture is sandy clay loam. Reaction ranges from neutral to moderately alkaline.
The Btg1 horizon has hue of 7.5YR to 2.5Y, value of 4 or 5, and chroma of 3 or 4. Redox concentrations and depletions are in shades of brown or gray. Texture is sandy clay. Reaction is slightly or moderately alkaline.
The Btg2 or Btg3 horizon has hue of 10YR to 2.5Y, value of 4 to 7, and chroma of 0 to 2. Redox concentrations and depletions are in shades of brown or gray. The Btg2 is sandy clay loam and the Btg3 is fine sandy loam or sandy clay loam. Reaction is slightly or moderately alkaline. Some pedons may have Bt' horizons below the Btg1 horizon that are similar in color, redox feature, texture, and reaction to the Btg2 and Btg3 horizons except for chroma which ranges from 3 to 6.
The BCg horizons have hue of 7.5YR to 2.5Y, value of 5 to 7, and chroma of 1 or 2. Redox concentrations and depletions are in shades of brown or gray. Texture is fine sandy loam, sandy loam, and loamy fine sand. Reaction is slightly or moderately alkaline. Some pedons have BC horizons that are similar in color, redox features, texture, and reaction to the BCg horizon except for chroma which ranges from 3 to 8.
Some pedons have buried horizons below 60 inches.
COMPETING SERIES: Soils in similar families are Carwile. Carwile soils have a mollic epipedon and a fine textural control section. There are no competing series within MLRA 80A.
GEOGRAPHIC SETTING: Bethel soils are on level to very gently sloping upland terraces of the Central Rolling Red Prairies (MLRA 80A). They formed in loamy alluvium or aeoliam sediments of Pleistocene age. Slopes range from 0 to 3 percent.
Mean Annual Precipitation: 26 to 40 inches.
Mean Annual Temperature: 58 to 64 degrees F.
Thornthwaite Annual P-E indices: 44 to 64.
Frost Free Days: 200 to 220.
Elevation: 900 to 1300 feet.
GEOGRAPHICALLY ASSOCIATED SOILS: There are the Bocox, Derby, Dougherty, Konawa, and Navina series. Bocox soils are in slightly lower areas and have sandy textures greater than 20 inches thick. Derby soils are on dunes. Dougherty and Konawa soils are on slightly higher positions. Navina soils have a mollic epipedon and are on slightly higher positions.
DRAINAGE AND PERMEABILITY: Somewhat poorly drained; slow runoff, moderately slowly permeable. These soils pond water about 6 inches deep for brief periods (2 to 7 days). The frequency of ponding is frequent. These soils have endosaturation from a depth of 2.0 feet to 3.5 feet from October through May.
USE AND VEGETATION: The principle use is for cropland, and the main crop
is wheat or other small grains. Some areas are improved range and bermudagrass is the dominate species.
DISTRIBUTION AND EXTENT: Central Rolling Red Prairies of Oklahoma and possibly Kansas and Texas. The series is of small extent.
MLRA SOIL SURVEY REGIONAL OFFICE (MO) RESPONSIBLE: Temple, Texas
SERIES ESTABLISHED: Logan County, Oklahoma; 1992.
REMARKS: These soils were formerly mapped as Doughterty and Vanoss. Diagnostic horizons and features associated with the pedon are: OCHRIC EPIPEDON - the zone from the soil surface to a depth of 12 inches (the Ap and A horizons).
ALBIC HORIZON - the zone from 12 inches to 18 inches (the E horizon). ARGILLIC HORIZON - the zone from 18 inches to 52 inches (the Bt, Btg,and BCt horizons).
ADDITIONAL DATA: NSSL lab. sample S92OK-083-006, full characterization.
Soil Interpretation Record: OK0403 Bethel Series