LOCATION BORUP ND+MN SD
Established Series
RBH-CJH
07/2015
BORUP SERIES
The Borup series consists of very deep, poorly and very poorly drained soils that formed in loamy calcareous lacustrine sediments on lake plains. These soils have moderate or moderately rapid permeability and slopes of 0 to 3 percent. Mean annual precipitation is about 20 inches. Mean annual temperature is about 40 degrees F.
TAXONOMIC CLASS: Coarse-silty, mixed, superactive, frigid Typic Calciaquolls
TYPICAL PEDON: Borup silt loam, with a slightly concave slope of less than 1 percent in a shallow depression on a glacial lake plain in a cultivated field. (Colors are for moist soil unless otherwise stated)
Ap--0 to 7 inches; black (10YR 2/1) silt loam, very dark gray (10YR 3/1) dry; weak fine and medium subangular blocky structure; slightly hard, friable, slightly sticky and plastic; few very fine roots; strong effervescence; slightly alkaline; abrupt smooth boundary.
A--7 to 12 inches; black (10YR 2/1) silt loam, very dark gray (10YR 3/1) dry; weak fine and medium subangular blocky structure; hard, friable, slightly sticky and plastic; few very fine roots; strong effervescence; moderately alkaline; clear smooth boundary. (Combined A horizons 4 to 14 inches thick)
Bkg--12 to 28 inches; gray (5Y 5/1) silt loam, gray (5Y 6/1) dry; weak fine and medium subangular blocky structure; hard, friable, sticky and plastic; tongues of very dark grayish brown (10YR 3/2) material to a depth of 18 inches; common fine and medium masses of gypsum crystals in the lower part; violent effervescence; moderately alkaline; gradual wavy boundary.
Bkyg--28 to 34 inches; dark gray (5Y 4/1) silt loam, gray (10YR 6/1) dry; massive; slightly hard, very friable, slightly sticky and slightly plastic; common fine and medium masses of gypsum crystals; violent effervescence; moderately alkaline; gradual wavy boundary. (Combined Bkg horizons 6 to 30 inches thick)
Cg--34 to 60 inches; grayish brown (2.5Y 5/2) very fine sandy loam, light brownish gray (2.5Y 6/2) dry; common medium and coarse distinct light yellowish brown (2.5Y 6/4) redoximorphic concentrations; massive; slightly hard, very friable, slightly sticky and slightly plastic; strong effervescence; moderately alkaline.
TYPE LOCATION: Grand Forks County, North Dakota; about 7 miles east and 4 miles north of Northwood; 1,000 feet west and 40 feet south of the northeast corner of sec. 22, T. 150 N., R. 53 W.
RANGE IN CHARACTERISTICS: The thickness of mollic epipedon ranges from 7 to 20 inches. The top of the calcic horizon is at depths of less than 16 inches. This soil is typically slightly alkaline or moderately alkaline throughout but is strongly alkaline in the Bk horizon of some pedons. These soils do not have rock fragments to depths of 40 inches or more. In the 10- to 40-inch particle-size control section, the average content of noncarbonate clay is less than 18 percent. The calcic horizon has 15 to 45 percent calcium carbonate with as much 35 percent noncarbonate clay. The control section contains less than 15 percent fine sand and coarser. Saline phases are recognized.
The A horizon has hue of 10YR, 2.5Y, 5Y or is neutral, value of 2 or 3, and chroma of 1 or less. Texture is very fine sandy loam, loam, silt loam or silty clay loam. Some pedons have an Ak or ABk horizon up to 10 inches thick.
The Bk horizon has hue of 10YR, 2.5Y or 5Y, value of 4 to 6, and chroma of 1 or 2. Texture is loamy very fine sand, very fine sandy loam, loam or silt loam. It does not have accumulations of gypsum in some pedons.
The C horizon has hue of 10YR, 2.5Y, 5Y or neutral, value of 4 to 6, and chroma of 3 or less and typically has redoximorphic features. Value of 7 is allowed below depths of 48 inches. Texture is very fine sand, loamy very fine sand, very fine sandy loam, loam or silt loam.
Some pedons have a Bg horizon and/or do not have a Cg horizon.
A 2C horizon of loamy till or clayey lacustrine sediments or sandy or gravelly sediments begins at depths as shallow as 40 inches in some pedons.
COMPETING SERIES: No other series is in this family.
GEOGRAPHIC SETTING: These soils are on flats and in depressions and swales on lake plains. Slope gradients are less than 3 percent. They formed in calcareous lacustrine sediments of Late Wisconsinan Age. Mean annual air temperature is 36 to 45 degrees F, and mean annual precipitation ranges from 15 to 24 inches. The frost-free days range from 90 to 145. Elevation above sea level ranges from 800 to 2000 feet.
GEOGRAPHICALLY ASSOCIATED SOILS: GEOGRAPHICALLY ASSOCIATED SOILS: These are the
Augsburg,
Gardena,
Glyndon and
Wheatville soils. Augsburg and Wheatville soils have clayey material above 40 inches. Glyndon and Wheatville soils are on slightly higher lying terrain and are somewhat poorly drained. Moderately well drained Gardena soils are on nearby uplands. They do not have a calcic horizon within a depth of 16 inches.
DRAINAGE AND PERMEABILITY: Very poorly and poorly drained. Runoff is very slow or ponded. Permeability is moderate or moderately rapid. Depth to an apparent seasonal high water table is as high as +0.5 to 1.5 feet at some time from April through June in most years. Depressional areas have an apparent seasonal high water table as high as +1.0 to 1.0 feet some time during most years.
USE AND VEGETATION: Where drained, these soils are cropped to small grains, potatoes, sugar beets, and corn. Undrained areas are used for pasture or hay or wildlife habitat. Native vegetation was a wet-site community of the tall grass prairie.
DISTRIBUTION AND EXTENT: Northwestern and western Minnesota, eastern North Dakota, and northeastern South Dakota primarily in the Red River Valley. Moderately extensive.
MLRA SOIL SURVEY REGIONAL OFFICE (MO) RESPONSIBLE: St. Paul, Minnesota
SERIES ESTABLISHED: Sargent County, North Dakota, 1961.
REMARKS: Diagnostic horizon and features recognized in this pedon are: mollic epipedon - from the surface of the soil to a depth of 12 inches (Ap and A horizons); calcic horizon - 12 inches to 34 inches (Bkg and Bkyg horizons); aquic moisture regime.
National Cooperative Soil Survey
U.S.A.