LOCATION GLYNDON MN+ND SD

Established Series
Rev. RBH-CJH
07/2014

GLYNDON SERIES

The Glyndon series consists of very deep, somewhat poorly drained soils that formed in silty glacial lacustrine sediments and delta sediments on glacial lake plains. They have moderate permeability in the upper part and moderately rapid permeability in the lower part. They have slopes of 0 to 3 percent. Mean annual precipitation is about 20 inches. Mean annual air temperature is about 40 degrees F.

TAXONOMIC CLASS: Coarse-silty, mixed, superactive, frigid Aeric Calciaquolls

TYPICAL PEDON: Glyndon loam with a plane level slope on a glacial lake plain in a cultivated field. (Colors are for moist soil unless otherwise stated)

Ap--0 to 8 inches; black (10YR 2/1) loam, few masses of very dark gray (10YR 3/1); dark gray (10YR 4/1) dry; weak very fine subangular blocky structure; very friable; many roots; strong effervescence; moderately alkaline; abrupt smooth boundary.

A--8 to 11 inches; black (10YR 2/1) loam, common inclusions of very dark gray (10YR 3/1); dark gray (10YR 4/1) dry; weak very fine subangular blocky structure; very friable; many roots; strong effervescence; moderately alkaline; gradual wavy boundary. (Combined A horizon 7 to 16 inches)

Bk1--11 to 16 inches; dark gray (10YR 4/1) loam; weak very fine subangular blocky structure; very friable; many roots; disseminated carbonates throughout; violent effervescence; moderately alkaline; gradual wavy boundary.

Bk2--16 to 28 inches; light yellowish brown (2.5Y 6/3) loam; few fine faint light yellowish brown (2.5Y 6/4) redoximorphic concentrations; weak very fine subangular blocky structure; very friable; disseminated carbonates throughout; violent effervescence; moderately alkaline; clear smooth boundary. (Combined Bk horizons 10 to 52 inches thick)

C--28 to 36 inches; light yellowish brown (2.5Y 6/4) loamy very fine sand; common fine distinct light olive brown (2.5Y 5/6) redoximorphic concentrations; massive; very friable; strong effervescence; moderately alkaline; gradual smooth boundary.

Cg--36 to 60 inches; light brownish gray (2.5Y 6/2) loamy very fine sand; many medium prominent brownish yellow (10YR 6/8) redoximorphic concentrations; massive with some weak bedding planes; very friable; strong effervescence; moderately alkaline.

TYPE LOCATION: Norman County, Minnesota; about 4 miles north and 2 miles east of Ada; 665 feet east and 210 feet south of the northwest corner of Sec. 25, T. 145 N., R. 46 W.

RANGE IN CHARACTERISTICS: The thickness of the mollic epipedon ranges from 7 to 16 inches. The calcic horizon begins within a depth of 16 inches. These soils have less than 15 percent fine sand or coarser in the upper part of the particle-size control section. These soils do not have rock fragments at least to a depth of 40 inches. The calcium carbonate equivalent typically ranges from 15 to 40 percent in the 0- to 40-inch section. Calcium carbonate contents higher than 40 percent are in the calcic horizon in some pedons and some pedons are saline.

The Ap or A horizon has hue of 10YR, value of 2 or 3, and chroma of 1 or 2. Texture is very fine sandy loam, loam, silt loam, sandy clay loam or silty clay loam. Reaction is slightly alkaline to strongly alkaline. Some pedons have an ABk horizon.

The Bk horizon has hue of 10YR to 5Y, value of 3 to 7, and chroma of 1 to 4. Redoximorphic features are present in some pedons. Texture is loamy very fine sand, very fine sandy loam, loam, sandy clay loam, silt loam, or silty clay loam. Sandy clay loam and silty clay loam textures are possible because of the large amounts of clay size calcium carbonate in this horizon. Some pedons have Bky or BCk horizons. Reaction is slightly alkaline to strongly alkaline.

The C horizon has hue of 10YR to 5Y, value of 4 to 7, and chroma of 2 to 4. Redoximorphic features are present in some to all parts. Texture is very fine sand, loamy very fine sand, very fine sandy loam, loam, or silt loam. Reaction is slightly alkaline to strongly alkaline. A 2C horizon of finer or coarser materials begin at depths as shallow as 40 inches in some pedons.

COMPETING SERIES: These are the Bohnsack series. Bohnsack soils contain more than 15 percent fine sand or coarser in the upper part of the particle-size control section and contain 2 to 10 percent rock fragments.

GEOGRAPHIC SETTING: These soils have plane or slightly convex slopes with gradient of 0 to 3 percent on glacial lake plains. They formed in 40 inches or more of late Wisconsian age glacial lacustrine sediments and delta sediments. Mean annual air temperature is 36 to 45 degrees F. Mean annual precipitation ranges from 15 to 24 inches. Frost-free days range from 90 to 150. Elevation above sea level ranges from 800 to 1500 feet.

GEOGRAPHICALLY ASSOCIATED SOILS: These are the Bearden, Borup, Delamere, Eckman, Gardena, Mantador, Tiffany, and Wheatville soils. Bearden soils are fine-silty. The poorly drained Borup soils are in shallow depressions and lower-lying flats, and have a calcic horizon within 16 inches. Delmamere soils are in similar positions and are leached. Eckman and Gardena soils are better drained and are on higher lying areas. Mantador soils are in similar positions and the calcic horizon is below 16 inches. Tiffany soils are in depressions, are poorly drained, and are leached. Wheatville soils have clayey 2C horizons within 40 inches.

DRAINAGE AND PERMEABILITY: Somewhat poorly drained. Surface runoff is negligible to moderate depending on slope. Permeability is moderate in the upper part and moderately rapid in the lower part. An apparent seasonal high water table is at depths of 1.5 to 3.5 at some time from April through June in most years.

USE AND VEGETATION: These soils are cultivated. Small grains are the principal crops, but sugar beets and potatoes are important crops. Native vegetation is tall grass prairie.

DISTRIBUTION AND EXTENT: Mainly in the Red River Valley of northwestern Minnesota and eastern North Dakota. It is also in smaller glacial lake basins of western Minnesota, central North Dakota, and northeast South Dakota. It is extensive.

MLRA SOIL SURVEY REGIONAL OFFICE (MO) RESPONSIBLE: St. Paul, Minnesota

SERIES ESTABLISHED: Sargent County, North Dakota, in 196l.

REMARKS: Diagnostic horizons and features recognized in this pedon are: mollic epipedon - zone from the surface to 11 inches (Ap and A horizons); calcic horizon - zone from 11 to 28 inches (Bk1 and Bk2 horizons); aquic moisture regime.

Where the soil has been previously correlated as moderately well drained or on slopes of more than 3 percent, a new series should be established (Aquic Calciudolls).

ADDITIONAL DATA: Refer to MAES Central File Code Nos. 2, 3, 4, 107, 122, 125, and 931 for results of some laboratory analyses of pedons of this series. No. 122 is the typical pedon of this series.

National Cooperative Soil Survey
U.S.A.