LOCATION BRICKMILL WA
Established Series
Rev. JTK/HRG/RWL
01/2011
BRICKMILL SERIES
The Brickmill series consists of very deep, moderately well drained soils formed in old alluvium with an influence of volcanic ash in the upper part. Brickmill soils are on piedmont slopes grading from mountain footslopes to basin floors. Slopes are 0 to 5 percent. The mean annual precipitation is about 11 inches and the mean annual temperature is about 49 degrees F.
TAXONOMIC CLASS: Loamy-skeletal, mixed, superactive, mesic Vitrandic Haploxerolls
TYPICAL PEDON: Brickmill gravelly ashy loam - irrigated pasture, elevation 1,800 feet. The soil was moist when described with groundwater at 46 inches.(Colors are for dry soil unless otherwise stated)
Ap--0 to 5 inches; very dark grayish brown (10YR 3/2) gravelly ashy loam, very dark brown (10YR 2/2) moist; coarse platy structure parting to moderate medium subangular blocky; slightly hard, very friable, nonsticky and slightly plastic; many very fine roots; common fine and medium irregular pores; 15 percent gravel and 5 percent cobbles; slightly effervescent; slightly acid (pH 6.3); clear wavy boundary.
A--5 to 12 inches; very dark grayish brown (10YR 3/2) gravelly ashy loam, very dark brown (10YR 2/2) moist; moderate coarse platy structure parting to moderate fine and medium subangular blocky; slightly hard, very friable, nonsticky and nonplastic; many very fine roots; common fine and medium irregular pores; 15 percent gravel and 5 percent cobbles; slightly effervescent; neutral (pH 7.0); clear wavy boundary. (combined thickness of the A horizon is 8 to 14 inches thick)
Bw1--12 to 28 inches; brown (10YR 5/3) very gravelly ashy sandy loam, brown (10YR 4/3) moist; moderate medium subangular blocky structure; soft, very friable, nonsticky and nonplastic; many very fine roots; common fine and medium irregular pores;40 percent gravel and 20 percent cobbles; slightly effervescent neutral (pH 7.3); clear wavy boundary. (12 to 20 inches thick)
2Bw2--28 to 38 inches; yellowish brown (10YR 5/4) extremely gravelly sandy loam, brown (10YR 4/3) moist; moderate fine and medium subangular blocky structure; soft, very friable, nonsticky and nonplastic; common fine and medium roots; many fine and medium irregular and tubular pores; 45 percent gravel and 20 percent cobbles; many large prominent yellowish red (5YR 4/6) redox concentrations; slightly effervescent; neutral (pH 7.3); gradual irregular boundary. (8 to 12 inches thick)
2BC--38 to 49 inches; yellowish brown (10YR 5/4) extremely gravelly sandy loam, brown (10YR 4/3) moist; weak fine subangular blocky structure; soft, very friable, nonsticky and nonplastic; few very fine roots; 50 percent gravel and 20 percent cobbles; many large prominent yellowish red (5YR 4/6) redox concentrations; slightly effervescent; neutral (pH 7.2); gradual irregular boundary. (10 to 14 inches thick)
3C--49 to 60 inches; light olive brown (2.5Y 5/4) extremely gravelly loamy coarse sand, very dark grayish brown (2.5Y 3/2) moist, single grain; loose; common very fine roots; 50 percent gravel, 15 percent cobbles and 5 percent stones; many large distinct black (5Y 2.5/2) redox segregations; slightly effervescent; neutral (pH 7.0).
TYPE LOCATION: Kittitas County, Washington; about 3 miles northeast of Ellensburg; 1,100 feet east, 1,9002,500 feet south of the northwest corner of section 19, T. 18 N., R. 19 E.; Latitude 47 degrees, 00 minutes, 14 seconds N. and Longitude 120 degrees, 30 minutes, 46 seconds W.
RANGE IN CHARACTERISTICS: The mean annual soil temperature ranges from 47 to 50 degrees F. These soils are continuously saturated with water at a depth of 30 to 40 inches. for 90 or more days in most years. Water tables are a combination of natural conditions and artificially induced high water due to irrigation. The particle-size control section averages 45 to 70 percent sand, 5 to 15 percent clay and 40 to 70 percent rock fragments. The depth to an extremely gravelly or cobbly loamy sand or sand 3C horizon is 40 inches or more. The upper 10 to 30 inches has an estimated volcanic glass content of 5 to 20 percent, acid oxalate extractable aluminum plus iron of 0.25 to 0.7 percent and a moist bulk density of 1.15 to 1.40 g/cc. The mollic epipedon is 10 to 20 inches thick.
The A horizon has value of 3 or 4 dry, 2 or 3 moist and chroma of 2 or 3 dry or moist. Texture is gravelly ashy loam or very cobbly ashy loam. Reaction is slightly acid or neutral.
The Bw horizon has value of 4 or 5 dry, 3 or 4 moist and chroma of 3 or 4 dry. Texture is extremely gravelly ashy sandy loam, very gravelly ashy sandy loam or very cobbly ashy loam. Reaction is neutral or slightly alkaline.
The 2Bw horizon has value of 4 or 5 dry, 3 or 4 moist and chroma of 3 or 4 dry or moist. Texture is extremely gravelly sandy loam, very gravelly sandy clay loam or extremely cobbly sandy loam. It has 35 to 70 percent rock fragments. Reaction is neutral or slightly alkaline.
The 2BC horizon has value of 4 or 5 dry, 3 or 4 moist and chroma of 3 or 4 dry. Texture is very gravelly sandy loam, extremely gravelly sandy loam, or extremely cobbly sandy loam. It has 45 to 70 percent rock fragments. Reaction is neutral or slightly alkaline.
The 3C horizon has a hue of 2.5Y or 5Y, value of 4 or 5 dry, 3 or 4 moist and chroma of 2 to 4 dry, 1 or 2 moist. Texture is extremely gravelly sand, extremely cobbly loamy sand or extremely gravelly loamy coarse sand. It has 60 to 90 percent rock fragments. Reaction is neutral or moderately alkaline.
COMPETING SERIES: These are the
Cookcreek,
Eaglespring,
Foggydew,
Garrison,
Metmill (T),
Neviot (T),
Northstar,
Opportunity (T),
Peka,
Thuso, and
Wagberg series. The Eaglespring and Foggydew soils are 40 to 60 inches deep to a lithic contact. The Garrison soils are 24 to 36 inches deep to a sand and gravel discontinuity. Metmill soils are dry for 45 to 60 consecutive days following the summer solstice, have aquic conditions at a depth of 20 to 30 inches and have 26 to 34 percent clay in the particle-size control section. Neviot soils have 15 to 25 percent clay in the particle-size control section, secondary carbonates at a depth of 44 to 60 inches and lack an extremely cobbly or extremely gravelly sand or loamy sand substratum. Cookcreek and Northstar soils are 20 to 40 inches deep to a lithic contact. Opportunity are not saturated with water for 90 or more days within 30 to 40 inches. Peka soils are not saturated with water for 90 or more days within 30 to 40 inches and have a densic contact at a depth of 40 to 60 inches. Thuso soils are dry for 90 to 105 consecutive days following the summer solstice and are not saturated with water. Wagberg soils are 40 to more than 60 inches deep to bedrock and are not saturated with water for 90 or more days within 30 to 40 inches between mid
May and mid October.
GEOGRAPHIC SETTING: Brickmill soils are on fan piedmonts characterized by numerous perennial on fan streams, and bar and channel microrelief. Brickmill soils formed in old alluvium with an influence of volcanic ash in the upper part. Slopes are 0 to 5 percent. Elevations are 1,400 to 1,800 feet. These soils are in a semiarid climate with warm, dry summers and cool, moist winters. The mean annual precipitation is 9 to 12 inches. The irrigation season, which affects water table levels, runs from mid May through mid October. The average January temperature is about 25 degrees F, the average July temperature is about 69 degrees F. and the mean annual temperature is 48 to 50 degrees F. The frost-free season is 130 to 150 days.
GEOGRAPHICALLY ASSOCIATED SOILS: These are the
Nanum and
Wenas soils. Nanum soils are fine-loamy and are located on alluvial fans. Wenas soils are in depressional and channeled areas, have an aquic moisture regime, and are fine-loamy.
DRAINAGE AND PERMEABILITY: Moderately well drained; slow runoff; permeability is moderate above the litholoigic discontinuity, and rapid to very rapid below. This soil has an irrigation induced water table at 30 to 40 inches with its uppermost limit occurring at some time between during the mid-May to mid-October growing season.
USE AND VEGETATION: These soils are used for pasture, limited cropland, and wildlife habitat. Native vegetation is bluebunch wheatgrass, Sandberg bluegrass, and big sagebrush.
DISTRIBUTION AND EXTENT: Kittitas Valley in Kittitas County, Washington; MLRA 8. Series is of small extent.
MLRA SOIL SURVEY REGIONAL OFFICE (MO) RESPONSIBLE: Portland, Oregon
SERIES ESTABLISHED: Kittitas County, Washington, 2003.
REMARKS: Diagnostic horizons and features recognized in this pedon:
Mollic epipedon the zone from 0 to 28 inches (Ap and Bw horizons)
Cambic horizon the zone from 28 to 38 inches (2Bw horizon)
Vitrandic feature the zone from 0 to 28 inches
Oxyaquic feature irrigation induced water table within 40 inches of the surface for 90 or more days
Type location moved 3/02 to reflect the current central concept of series.
ADDITIONAL DATA: Partial laboratory data available for soil sample # S92WA-037-016, NSSL, Lincoln, NE
National Cooperative Soil Survey
U.S.A.