LOCATION BRIDGEWATER             WA+ID OR

Established Series
Rev. HRG/KMS/CSW
09/2019

BRIDGEWATER SERIES

Landscape--Columbia Plateau
Landform--relict channels of flood plains, low terraces, alluvial fans
Slope--0 to 15 percent
Parent material--alluvium
Mean annual precipitation--about 300 mm
Mean annual air temperature--about 11 degrees C
Depth class--very deep
Drainage class--well drained
Soil moisture regime--xeric
Soil temperature regime--mesic
Soil moisture subclass--typic

TAXONOMIC CLASS: Loamy-skeletal, mixed, superactive, mesic Cumulic Haploxerolls

TYPICAL PEDON: Bridgewater extremely cobbly sandy loam in an area of rangeland, on a 2-percent, southwest-facing slope at an elevation of 400 m

A1--0 to 20 cm; extremely cobbly sandy loam, dark grayish brown (10YR 4/2) dry, very dark brown (10YR 2/2) moist; weak fine granular structure; soft, very friable, nonsticky and nonplastic; many very fine roots; many very fine irregular pores; 30 percent gravel, 25 percent cobbles, and 15 percent stones; neutral (pH 7.0); clear wavy boundary

A2--20 to 76 cm; extremely cobbly sandy loam, dark grayish brown (10YR 4/2) dry, very dark grayish brown (10YR 3/2) moist; weak medium subangular blocky structure; soft, very friable, nonsticky and nonplastic; common very fine roots; many very fine irregular pores; 30 percent gravel, 30 percent cobbles, and 10 percent stones; neutral (pH 7.0); clear wavy boundary

2C--76 to 150 cm; extremely cobbly loamy sand, brown (10YR 5/3) dry, very dark grayish brown (10YR 3/2) moist; single grain; loose; few very fine roots; 30 percent gravel, 30 percent cobbles, and 10 percent stones; neutral (pH 7.0)

TYPE LOCATION: Asotin County, Washington, about 14.5 km southwest of Anatone; about 365 m south and 90 m west of the northeast corner of section 5, T. 6 N., R. 44 E.; Mountain View, Washington, U.S. Geological Survey 7.5-minute topographic quadrangle; latitude 46.026947, -longitude 117.323662, datum WGS 84 (coordinates estimated from PLSS details)

RANGE IN CHARACTERISTICS:
Thickness of mollic epipedon--50 to 100 cm
Depth to 2C horizon--50 to 100 cm
Mean annual soil temperature--11 to 13 degrees C
Moisture control section--usually moist, but dry in all parts 75 to 90 consecutive days between depths of 10 and 30 cm following summer solstice

Particle-size control section
*Clay content--6 to 15 percent
*Rock fragment content--50 to 80 percent

A1 horizon
Value--3 or 4 dry
Chroma--1 or 2 moist, 2 or 3 dry

A2 horizon
Value--3 to 5 dry, 2 or 3 moist
Chroma--2 or 3 dry or moist
Texture of fine-earth fraction--coarse sandy loam, sandy loam, loam
Rock fragment content--35 to 90 percent
Reaction--6.1 to 7.8

Combined thickness of A horizon--50 to 100 cm

2C horizon
Value--3 to 5 dry, 2 or 3 moist
Chroma--1 to 3 dry or moist
Texture of fine-earth fraction--coarse sand, sand, loamy sand
Rock fragment content--60 to 90 percent
Reaction--6.1 to 7.8

COMPETING SERIES:
Wisalilwala--no sand or loamy sand textures below mollic epipedon; dry 90 to 105 consecutive days following summer solstice

GEOGRAPHIC SETTING:
Elevation--230 to 760 m
Climate--warm, dry summers; cool, wet winters
Mean annual precipitation--300 to 560 mm
Mean annual air temperature--10 to 12 degrees C
Frost-free season--120 to 190 days

GEOGRAPHICALLY ASSOCIATED SOILS:
Gwinly--25 to 50 cm (shallow) to a lithic contact (basalt, tuff)
Laufer--25 to 50 cm (shallow) to a lithic contact (basalt)
Lickskillet--30 to 50 cm (shallow) to a lithic contact (basalt, rhyolite)
Joseph--sandy-skeletal

DRAINAGE AND SATURATED HYDRAULIC CONDUCTIVITY:
Drainage class--well drained
Saturated hydraulic conductivity (Ksat)--moderately high in upper part, high or very high in lower part
Flooding--rare, occasional

USE AND VEGETATION:
Use--livestock grazing
Native vegetation--bluebunch wheatgrass, serviceberry, hawthorn, rose

DISTRIBUTION AND EXTENT: Southeastern Washington, western Idaho, and northeastern Oregon; MLRAs 8 and 9; small extent

MLRA SOIL SURVEY REGIONAL OFFICE (MO) RESPONSIBLE: Portland, Oregon

SERIES ESTABLISHED: Asotin County, Washington; 1984

REMARKS:
Diagnostic features and horizons recognized in this pedon
*Mollic epipedon--zone from 0 to 76 cm
*Organic carbon--irregular decrease with increasing depth

05/2016--The Bridgewater series was used in an update project of some riparian areas southeast of Pendleton in Umatilla County, Oregon. The soils in this project area support ponderosa pine, have sandy loam in the 2C horizon, and are in a 600 to 650 mm precipitation zone. These concepts are outside the range in characteristics for the Bridgewater series; thus, they are not recognized in this official series description. A new series should be considered for areas that support ponderosa pine and have fine subsurface textures.

6/2016--This official series description was updated according to SSR1 Technical Note 11--Content and Format of Official Series Descriptions (revised 12/2015).

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National Cooperative Soil Survey
U.S.A.