LOCATION BROWNSTOWN INEstablished Series
The Brownstown series consists of moderately deep, well drained soils that formed in residuum from siltstone on hills and knobs. Slopes range from 15 to 75 percent. Mean annual precipitation is about 109 cm (43 inches), and mean annual temperature is about 12 degrees C (54 degrees F).
TAXONOMIC CLASS: Loamy-skeletal, mixed, active, mesic Typic Dystrudepts
TYPICAL PEDON: Brownstown silt loam on a convex southeast-facing slope of 48 percent in a forested area at an elevation of about 198 meters (650 feet) above MSL. (Colors are for moist soil unless stated otherwise.)
Oi--0 to 3 cm (0 to 1 inch); partially decomposed leaves from mixed deciduous trees. (0 to 5 cm or 0 to 2 inches thick)
E/A--3 to 15 cm (1 to 6 inches); 90 percent light yellowish brown (10YR 6/4) (E) and 10 percent dark grayish brown (10YR 4/2) silt loam (A), very pale brown (10YR 8/4)and light brownish gray (10YR 6/2) dry; weak medium granular structure; friable; many very fine to medium roots; 5 percent channers; very strongly acid; clear wavy boundary. (10 to 20 cm or 4 to 8 inches thick)
Bw--15 to 46 cm (6 to 18 inches); brownish yellow (10YR 6/6) channery silt loam; weak medium subangular blocky structure; friable; few very fine and fine and common medium and coarse roots; 20 percent channers; very strongly acid; gradual wavy boundary. (20 to 41 cm or 8 to 16 inches thick)
CB--46 to 91 cm (18 to 36 inches); yellowish brown (10YR 5/4) extremely channery silt loam; weak fine subangular blocky structure; friable; few very fine to medium roots; 65 percent channers and 5 percent flagstones; very strongly acid; gradual wavy boundary. (20 to 51 cm or 8 to 20 inches thick)
R--91 to 152 cm (36 to 60 inches); fractured, strongly cemented siltstone bedrock.
TYPE LOCATION: Scott County, Indiana, 500 feet west and 1,550 feet south of the northeast corner of sec. 28, T. 2 N., R. 6 E; USGS Henryville, Ind. topographic quadrangle; lat. 38 degrees 35 minutes 04 seconds N. and long. 85 degrees 51 minutes 58 seconds W., NAD 27. UTM Zone 16, 598760 easting and 4271279 northing NAD 83
RANGE IN CHARACTERISTICS:
Depth to the base of the cambic horizon: 30 to 61 cm (12 to 24 inches)
Depth to a lithic contact: 51 to 102 cm (20 to 40 inches)
Rock fragments: dominantly channers, but include flagstones, and are strongly or very strongly cemented Rock fragments in the particle-size control section average: 35 to 65 percent
Particle-size control section: less than 15 percent fine and coarser sand (less than 5 percent coarse and very coarse sand) in the fine-earth fraction
E/A or A horizon, where present:
A part:
Hue: 10YR
Value: 3 or 4
Chroma: 2 or 3
E part:
Hue: 10YR
Value: 5 or 6
Chroma: 4 to 6
Texture: silt loam or channery silt loam
Rock fragment content: 0 to 34 percent
Reaction: extremely acid to slightly acid
Bw horizon:
Hue: 10YR or 7.5YR
Value: 4 to 6
Chroma: 4 to 6
Texture: channery to extremely channery analogues of silt loam
Clay content: 8 to 18 percent
Silt content: 55 to 80 percent
Rock fragment content: 20 to 75 percent
Reaction: strongly acid to extremely acid
CB horizon:
Hue: 10YR or 7.5YR
Value: 5 or 6
Chroma: 4 to 6
Texture: extremely channery silt loam
Clay content: 8 to 18 percent
Silt content: 55 to 80 percent
Rock fragment content: 60 to 85 percent
Reaction: strongly acid to extremely acid
COMPETING SERIES: These are the Berks, Blasdell, Brownsville, Cadosia Calvin, Cloverlick, Cardiff, Highsplint, Jubin, Judyville, Keyesville (T), Lippitt, Manlius, Matewan, Nailkeg, Peaks, Sylco, Warwick, and Wyoming soils. Blasdell, Brownsville, Cadosia, Cloverlick, Cardiff, Jubin, Highsplint, Warwick and Wyoming soils have bedrock at a depth of more than 40 inches. Berks soils have more than 5 percent coarse and very coarse sand in the particle-size control section, and have rippable bedrock above 40 inches. Calvin soils have hue redder than 7.5YR throughout the cambic horizon. Judyville and Matewan soils have less than 55 percent silt in the Bw horizon. Keyesville (T) soils have a paralithic contact. Lippitt and Peaks soils average less than 40 percent silt in the fine-earth fraction of the control section. Nailkeg, and Sylco soils average more than 18 percent clay in the particle-size control section. Manlius soils do not have measurable amounts of kaolinite in the clay fraction.
GEOGRAPHIC SETTING: Brownstown soils are on steep and very steep backslopes of hills and knobs. Slopes range from 15 to 75 percent. They formed in residuum from siltstone. The bedrock is from the upper part of the Spickert Knob Formation, Borden Group, in Indiana. The mean annual precipitation ranges from 102 to 114 cm (40 to 45 inches), the mean annual temperature ranges from 11 to 14 degrees C (51 to 57 degrees F), frost free period is 170 to 200 days, and elevation ranges from 105 meters (345 feet) to 300 meters (1000 feet).
GEOGRAPHICALLY ASSOCIATED SOILS: These are the Gilwood, Gnawbone, Kurtz, Spickert, Trevlac, Wellrock and Wrays soils. The somewhat excessively drained, less channery Gilwood, and Gnawbone soils are on shoulders and backslopes. The moderately well drained Spickert soils are on summits and shoulders. The well drained, deep Wellrock, Wrays and Kurtz soils are dominantly on shoulders and backslopes. The well drained Trevlac soils are on backslopes.
DRAINAGE AND SATURATED HYDRAULIC CONDUCTIVITY: Well drained. The potential for surface water runoff is high. Saturated hydraulic conductivity is high (14.11 to 42.34 micrometers/s) in the solum. Permeability is moderately rapid in the solum.
USE AND VEGETATION: Almost all areas are in mixed oak-hickory forest, the native vegetation.
DISTRIBUTION AND EXTENT: This series is of moderate extent in MLRA 120C. Brownstown soils are in south-eastern and south-central Indiana.
MLRA SOIL SURVEY REGIONAL OFFICE (MO) RESPONSIBLE: Morgantown, West Virginia
SERIES ESTABLISHED: Scott County, Indiana, 1995. The source of the name is the town of Brownstown in Jackson County, Indiana.
REMARKS: Brownstown soils were previously correlated as the Berks series in MLRA 120C in Indiana.
Representative component and horizon data is in DMU ID# 124486.
Diagnostic horizons recognized in this pedon are: 1) Ochric epipedon: the zone from the surface of the soil to a depth of 15 cm (6 inches) (E/A horizon); 2) Cambic horizon: the zone from approximately 15 to 46 cm (6 to 18 inches) (Bw horizon); and 3) Lithic contact: the zone where soil meets hard bedrock at 91 cm (36 inches).
ADDITIONAL DATA: Lab data: National Soil Survey Lab, Lincoln, NE., data available - S89IN-143-004, (typical pedon). Agricultural Experiment Station, Purdue University, Station Bulletin no. 222, file no. MR7615; Station Bulletin no. 274, file no. JN7810; Station Bulletin no. 360, file no. LW7817; and Station
Bulletin no. 412, file no. JN8002.