LOCATION BRYDE TXEstablished Series
TAXONOMIC CLASS: Fine, smectitic, hyperthermic Vertic Paleustalfs
TYPICAL PEDON: Bryde fine sandy loam--in rangeland on a 2 percent simple convex west-facing slope. Elevation is 420 feet above sea level. (Colors are for dry soil unless otherwise stated)
A--0 to 9 inches; grayish brown (10YR 5/2) fine sandy loam, very dark grayish brown (10YR 3/2) moist; massive; very hard, very friable, nonsticky, nonplastic; common fine and few medium roots; few fine tubular pores; few wormcasts; slightly acid; abrupt wavy boundary. (4 to 15 inches thick)
Bt1--9 to 17 inches; dark gray (10YR 4/1) clay, very dark gray (10YR 3/1) moist; moderate medium prismatic structure parting to moderate medium and coarse angular blocky; extremely hard, extremely firm, very sticky, very plastic; common fine roots; few fine tubular pores; few wormcasts; common thick faint continuous black clay films; common prominent pressure faces; fine sand and silt coats on tops of prisms; neutral; gradual wavy boundary.
Bt2--17 to 25 inches; dark gray (10YR 4/1) clay, very dark gray (10YR 3/1) moist; weak coarse prismatic structure parting to moderate medium angular blocky; extremely hard, extremely firm, very sticky, very plastic; common fine roots; few fine tubular pores; common thick faint continuous black clay films; common prominent pressure faces; few small slickensides; few wedge-shaped peds; few fine rounded siliceous pebbles; slightly alkaline; gradual wavy boundary.
Bt3--25 to 35 inches; dark gray (10YR 4/1) sandy clay, very dark gray (10YR 3/1) moist; weak medium and coarse prismatic structure parting to moderate medium angular blocky; very hard, very firm, very sticky, very plastic; common fine roots; few fine tubular pores; common thick faint continuous black clay films; common distinct pressure faces; few small slickensides; slightly alkaline; gradual wavy boundary. (The combined Bt horizons are 18 to 36 inches thick)
Btk--35 to 41 inches; grayish brown (10YR 5/2) clay loam, dark grayish brown (10YR 4/2) moist; weak medium prismatic structure parting to weak fine and medium angular blocky; hard, firm, sticky, plastic; few fine roots; few fine tubular pores; common thick faint continuous dark grayish brown clay films; few distinct pressure faces; few fine and medium masses of calcium carbonate; slightly alkaline; gradual wavy boundary. (0 to 18 inches thick)
Bt/2Cr--41 to 47 inches; grayish brown (2.5Y 5/2) sandy clay loam, dark grayish brown (2.5Y 4/2) moist; weak fine and medium angular blocky structure; hard, firm; slightly sticky, slightly plastic; very few fine roots; very few very fine tubular pores; few thick faint discontinuous dark grayish brown clay films on vertical ped faces; about 40 percent by volume 2Cr material of weakly consolidated sandstone of fine sandy loam texture; slightly alkaline; clear smooth boundary. (0 to 18 inches thick)
2Cr--47 to 80 inches; light gray (5Y 7/2) weakly consolidated sandstone with texture of fine sandy loam, pale olive (5Y 6/3) moist; massive very hard, friable, nonsticky, nonplastic; very few very fine roots in fractures that are less than four inches apart; dark grayish brown Bt material coats some of the horizontal and vertical fractures in the upper part; Bt material is up to 2 inches in diameter and 1/2 inch thick with weak fine subangular blocky structure; few fine and medium yellow stains in Cr material; neutral.
TYPE LOCATION: Karnes County, Texas; from the intersection of Texas Highway 119 and Texas Highway 80 in Gillett, 4.4 miles southeast on Texas Highway 119 to county road, 0.8 mile east, 0.3 mile north in rangeland. (Latitude: 29N, 06, 57; Longitude: 97W, 42, 06).
RANGE IN CHARACTERISTICS: Solum thickness ranges from 40 to 60 inches. Threads, films, or masses of calcium carbonate range from a depth of 18 to 40 inches. COLE averages between 0.07 and 0.16 in the Bt horizon and PLE of the upper 50 inches is more than 2.5 inches. Cracks up to 1/2 inch wide extend to a depth of 20 inches or more.
The A horizon has hue of 10YR, value of 3 to 5, and chroma of 1 to 3. Some pedons have up to 2 percent by volume siliceous pebbles. Texture is very fine sandy loam, fine sandy loam or sandy clay loam. Some pedons have a thin sandy clay loam BA horizon in hue of 10YR, value of 3, and chroma of 1 or 2. The organic matter content ranges from 0.4 to less than 2.0 percent. Reaction is slightly acid or neutral.
The Bt horizons have hue of 10YR, value of 2 to 5, and chroma of 1 to 3. Texture is sandy clay or clay. Some pedons have brown redoximorphic features. Reaction is neutral or slightly alkaline.
The Btk horizon has hue of 10YR, value of 2 to 5, and chroma of 1 or 2. Texture is clay loam, sandy clay, or clay. Some pedons have brown redoximorphic features. Films, threads or masses of calcium carbonate range up to 5 percent by volume. Reaction is slightly alkaline or moderately alkaline.
The Bt/2Cr horizon has hue of 10YR or 2.5Y, value of 3 to 6, and chroma of 1 to 4. Texture of the Bt is clay loam, sandy clay loam, sandy clay, or clay. The 2Cr part of the horizon is weakly consolidated sandstone with texture of fine sandy loam or very fine sandy loam. This material slakes in water. Some pedons have redoximorphic features in shades of yellow, gray, black or brown. Some pedons have films, threads or masses of calcium carbonate and pockets of salt and gypsum crystals range up to 10 percent by volume. Gravel-sized fragments of shale range up to 15 percent by volume. It is calcareous in some pedons. Reaction is slightly alkaline or moderately alkaline.
The 2Cr horizon is in shades of gray, brown or white and is weakly consolidated sandstone with texture of fine sandy loam or very fine sandy loam. Some pedons have soft shale or shale thinly interbedded with weakly consolidated sandstone. Some pedons have films, threads or masses of calcium carbonate, or pockets and clusters of salt crystals that range up to 5 percent by volume. The material slakes in water and has fractures less than four inches apart. The reaction ranges form neutral to moderately alkaline.
COMPETING SERIES: There are no other series. Similar soils are the Cadell, Crockett, Gillett, Zack, and Zulch. Cadell, Crockett, Zack and Zulch have a thermic temperature regime. In addition, Cadell and Zack soils have iron depletions that are due to wetness. Crockett soils have red and yellow masses of iron accumulation. Zulch soils have an aquic moisture regime and have gleyed Bt horizons. Gillett soils have sola less than 40 inches thick.
GEOGRAPHIC SETTING: Bryde soils are on gently sloping convex upland surfaces. Slopes range from 1 to 5 percent. The soil formed in loamy and clayey sediments over weakly consolidated sandstone thinly interbedded with loamy deposits mainly those of the Jackson geologic group. Mean annual precipitation ranges from 28 to 32 inches and mean annual temperature ranges from 70 to 74 degrees F. Frost free days ranges from 275 to 290. Elevation ranges from 310 to 480 feet. The Thornthwaite annual P-E index ranges from 31 to 44.
GEOGRAPHICALLY ASSOCIATED SOILS: These include Clareville, Gillett, Tordia and Miguel soils. Clareville soils are on slightly lower positions and have a mollic epipedon. Gillett, Miguel, and Tordia soils are on similar surfaces. In addition, Miguel soils have higher chroma, and Tordia soils have clayey surfaces.
DRAINAGE AND PERMEABILITY: Well drained. Permeability is slow. Runoff is medium on 1 to 3 percent slopes and high on 3 to 5 percent slopes.
USE AND VEGETATION: Mainly used as rangeland and wildlife habitat. A few areas are used as cropland or bermudagrass pasture. The main native grasses are Texas wintergrass, sideoats grama, curly mesquite, buffalograss, threeawns, bristlegrass, Hall's panicum, and red grama. Woody plants are mainly agarito, lotebush, mesquite, and spiny hackberry, with scattered post oak and live oak. Cultivated crops include small grain, corn, grain, and forage sorghum.
DISTRIBUTION AND EXTENT: In the northeast part of the Rio Grande Plain of Texas (MLRA 83A, and B). The series is of moderate extent.
MLRA SOIL SURVEY REGIONAL OFFICE (MO) RESPONSIBLE: Temple, Texas
SERIES ESTABLISHED: Karnes County, Texas; 1989. The name is from a triangulation station in southern Karnes County.
REMARKS: These soils were formerly included in the Orelia series.
The diagnostic horizons and features recognized in this pedon are:
Ochric epipedon - from 0 to 9 inches, consisting of the A horizon.
Abrupt texture change at 9 inches.
Argillic horizon - from 9 to 47 inches (Bt, Btk, and Bt/2Cr horizons)
Vertic feature - slickensides between 17 and 35 inches, and cracks up to 1/2 inch wide that extend to a depth of more than 12 inches.
Cr feature - This is not a paralithic layer. Although it does slake in water, it has cracks less than 4 inches apart.
ADDITIONAL DATA: Karnes County, Texas; TAMU Characterization Lab numbers S88TX-255-005
SOIL INTERPRETATION RECORD NUMBER: TX1184