LOCATION BULLUMP NV+CA OR UT
Established Series
Rev. PWB-DD-JVC-JBF
11/2018
BULLUMP SERIES
The Bullump series consist of deep and very deep, well drained soils that formed in colluvium derived from quartzite, welded tuff, chert, argillite, shale, conglomerate, and rhyolite with a component of loess. Bullump soils are on mountains. Slopes are 5 to 75 percent. The mean annual precipitation is about 400 mm and the mean annual temperature is about 6 degrees C.
TAXONOMIC CLASS: Loamy-skeletal, mixed, superactive, frigid Pachic Argixerolls
TYPICAL PEDON: Bullump gravelly loam--rangeland. (Colors are for dry soil unless otherwise noted.) The surface is partially covered by 20 percent gravel and 5 percent cobbles.
A1--0 to 8 cm; brown (10YR 4/3) gravelly loam, very dark grayish brown (10YR 3/2) moist; weak fine subangular blocky structure; soft, very friable, slightly sticky and nonplastic; many very fine and fine roots; many very fine and common fine tubular pores; 20 percent gravel; neutral (pH 7.2); clear wavy boundary. (5 to 20 cm thick)
A2--8 to 23 cm; brown (10YR 4/3) gravelly loam, very dark grayish brown (10YR 3/2) moist; moderate medium subangular blocky structure; soft, very friable, slightly sticky and nonplastic; many very fine and common fine roots; many very fine and common fine tubular pores; 20 percent gravel; neutral (pH 7.3); clear wavy boundary. (8 to 30 cm thick)
BA--23 to 58 cm; brown (10YR 5/3) very gravelly loam, dark brown (10YR 3/3) moist; moderate medium subangular blocky structure; slightly hard, very friable, slightly sticky and slightly plastic; common very fine and fine roots; many very fine and common fine tubular pores; 35 percent gravel; neutral (pH 7.3); gradual wavy boundary. (0 to 50 cm thick)
Bt1--58 to 81 cm; pale brown (10YR 6/3) very gravelly loam, brown (10YR 4/3) moist; moderate medium subangular blocky structure; slightly hard, very friable, moderately sticky and moderately plastic; common very fine and fine roots; common very fine and fine tubular pores; common faint clay films on faces of peds; 35 percent gravel and 5 percent cobbles; neutral (pH 7.3); clear wavy boundary. (18 to 43 cm thick)
Bt2--81 to 137 cm; light yellowish brown (10YR 6/4) very gravelly clay loam, brown (10YR 4/3) moist; moderate fine subangular blocky structure; slightly hard, friable, moderately sticky and moderately plastic; common fine and few very fine roots; common very fine and fine tubular pores; many distinct clay films on faces of peds and lining pores; 40 percent gravel and 15 percent cobbles; neutral (pH 7.2); abrupt wavy boundary. (20 to 76 cm thick)
R--137 cm; hard fractured quartzite; few fine and coarse, common medium roots lining fractures in the bedrock.
TYPE LOCATION: Elko County, Nevada; in the Elko Hills about 2 miles southwest of Ryndon; approximately 220 feet south and 500 feet west of the northeast corner of section 24, T. 35 N., R. 56 E.; USGS Ryndon 7.5 minute topographic quadrangle; latitude 40 degrees 54 minutes 42 seconds N and longitude 115 degrees 36 minutes 20 seconds W; WGS84 Decimal Degrees 40.9116667 latitude, -115.6055556 longitude.
RANGE IN CHARACTERISTICS:
Soil moisture: Moist in winter and early summer, dry late July to early October. Additional soil moisture may be supplied by lateral water movement in the lower part of the profile; xeric soil moisture regime that borders on aridic.
Mean annual soil temperature: 6 to 8 degrees C.
Mollic epipedon thickness: 50 to 100 cm; includes the transitional BA horizon when present and may include the Bt1 horizon in some pedons.
Depth to base of argillic horizon: 100 to 150 cm.
Depth to bedrock: 100 to 200 cm to a lithic contact.
Reaction: Slightly acid through slightly alkaline.
Other features: Some very deep pedons have C horizons below 100 cm.
Particle-size control section - Clay content: 25 to 35 percent.
Rock fragments: 35 to 55 percent, mainly gravel. Lithology of fragments are various rocks.
A horizons
Value: 3 through 5 dry, 2 or 3 moist.
Chroma: 1 through 3, dry or moist.
Organic matter content: 2 to 7 percent.
Bt horizons
Hue: 7.5YR or 10YR.
Value: 4 through 6 dry, 2 through 4 moist.
Chroma: 2 through 6, dry or moist.
Texture: Very gravelly loam, very gravelly clay loam, or very gravelly sandy clay loam.
Clay content: 25 to 35 percent.
Rock fragments: 35 to 55 percent.
Organic matter content: 0.5 to 3 percent.
Structure: Fine through coarse subangular blocky or angular blocky.
Consistence: Slightly sticky or moderately sticky and slightly plastic or moderately plastic.
Other features: Uncoated sand grains and few silt coats lining pores occur in some pedons. Some pedons have few distinct relict redox concentrations of iron or manganese stains on gravel.
COMPETING SERIES: These are the
Bullvaro,
Burchflat,
Camelback,
Chrisflat,
Dogbed,
Dooh,
Erig,
Krenka,
Leroman,
Lockgate,
Murain,
Nutval,
Snyderville,
Softback,
Softscrabble,
Staberg,
Vetagrande, and
Vipont series.
Bullvaro and
Nutval soils have an aridic moisture regime and 18 to 25 percent clay in the particle-size control section.
Burchflat and
Vipont soils are moderately deep to lithic contacts.
Camelback and
Softback soils have 60 to 80 percent rock fragments in the particle-size control section and are dominated by cobbles.
Chrisflat and
Murain soils do not have lithic contacts between 100 and 200 cm from the soil surface.
Snyderville soils have depth to base of the argillic horizon of less than 100 cm and have sandy C horizons.
Dooh soils have an aridic moisture regime.
Dogbed soils have mollic epipedons that include most subhorizons of the argillic horizon and have rock fragments which are volcanic rocks such as tuff, tuff-breccia, and andesite.
Erig soils are dominated by cobbles in the particle-size control section.
Krenka soils have 20 to 25 percent clay in the particle-size control section.
Leroman and
Staberg soils are moderately deep to paralithic contacts.
Lockgate soils are deep to paralithic contacts.
Softscrabble soils are dominated by cobbles in the particle-size control section and have depth to base of the argillic horizon of more than 150 cm.
Vetagrande soils have an aridic moisture regime and average 18 to 27 percent clay in the particle-size control section.
GEOGRAPHIC SETTING: Bullump soils are on mountains. They typically occur on backslope positions. These soils formed in colluvium derived from quartzite, argillite, chert, conglomerate, shale, and rhyolite with a component of loess. Slopes are 5 to 75 percent. Elevations range from 1,495 to 2,625 meters. The climate is semiarid with cool, moist winters and warm, dry summers. The mean annual precipitation is typically 360 to 460 mm, but ranges to 560 mm at the highest elevations. The mean annual temperature is 5 to 8 degrees C and the frost-free period is 50 to 90 days.
GEOGRAPHICALLY ASSOCIATED SOILS: These are the
Cleavage,
Hapgood,
Inpendence, and
Tusel soils. Cleavage soils are shallow to bedrock. Hapgood, Inpendence, and Tusel soils have a cryic temperature regime.
DRAINAGE AND SATURATED HYDRAULIC CONDUCTIVITY: Well drained; high or very high surface runoff; moderately high saturated hydraulic conductivity.
USE AND VEGETATION: Bullump soils are used for livestock grazing and wildlife habitat. The present vegetation is mainly mountain big sagebrush, antelope bitterbrush, snowberry, mountain brome, Idaho fescue, and bluebunch wheatgrass.
DISTRIBUTION AND EXTENT: Northern Nevada, northeastern California, southern Oregon, and western Utah. These soils are extensive with about 102,000 acres of the series mapped to date. MLRAs 21, 23, 25, and 28A.
MLRA SOIL SURVEY REGIONAL OFFICE (MO) RESPONSIBLE: Davis, California.
SERIES ESTABLISHED: Elko County (Central Part), Nevada, 1986.
REMARKS: Diagnostic horizons and features recognized in this pedon are:
Mollic epipedon - The zone from the soil surface to 58 cm (A1, A2, and BA horizons).
Argillic horizon - The zone from 58 to 137 cm (Bt1 and Bt2 horizons).
Lithic contact - The boundary at 137 cm to underlying hard bedrock (R layer).
Particle-size control section - The zone from 58 to 108 cm (Bt1 horizon and part of the Bt2 horizon).
National Cooperative Soil Survey
U.S.A.