LOCATION BURFORD OK

Established Series
Rev. CRC:JGF:TMK
09/2016

BURFORD SERIES

The Burford series consists of deep, well drained, slowly permeable soils formed in calcareous loamy material overlying silty redbeds. These soils are on gently sloping to steep summits and side slopes within the Central Rolling Red Plains (MLRA 78). Slope ranges from 1 to 20 percent. Mean annual air temperature is 16 degrees C (61 degrees F), and the mean annual precipitation is 660 mm (26 in).

TAXONOMIC CLASS: Fine-silty, mixed, superactive, thermic Typic Haplustepts

TYPICAL PEDON: Burford silt loam-rangeland, at an elevation of 427 m (1400 ft). (Colors are for dry soil unless otherwise stated.)

A--0 to 23 cm (0 to 9 in); reddish brown (5YR 4/4) silt loam, dark reddish brown (5YR 3/4) moist; moderate fine and medium granular structure; hard, friable; many fine roots; common wormcasts; very few very fine nodules of calcium carbonate; strongly effervescent; moderately alkaline; gradual smooth boundary. (Thickness of the A horizon is 13 to 38 cm [5 to 15 in])

Bw--23 to 48 cm (9 to 19 in); reddish brown (5YR 5/4) silty clay loam, reddish brown (5YR 4/4) moist; moderate fine and medium subangular blocky structure; very hard, very firm; common fine roots; common wormcasts; few fine nodules of calcium carbonate; strongly effervescent; moderately alkaline; gradual smooth boundary. (Thickness of the Bw horizon is 18 to 56 cm [7 to 22 in])

Bk--48 to 64 cm (19 to 25 in); reddish brown (5YR 5/4) silty clay loam, reddish brown (5YR 4/4) moist; moderate medium subangular blocky structure; very hard, very firm; few fine roots; common and medium soft masses and nodules of calcium carbonate, approximately 15 percent by volume; strongly effervescent; moderately alkaline; clear smooth boundary. (Thickness of the Bk horizon is 20 to 71 cm [8 to 28 in])

2BCk--64 to 81 cm (25 to 32 in); reddish brown (2.5YR 4/4) clay, dark red (2.5YR 3/6) moist; strong fine and medium angular blocky structure; extremely hard, extremely firm; few fine roots; few fine nodules, and few medium threads of calcium carbonate, approximately 7 percent by volume; strongly effervescent; moderately alkaline; clear smooth boundary. (Thickness of the 2BCk horizon is 0 to 20 cm [0 to 12 in])

2C--81 to 107 cm (32 to 42 in); red (2.5YR 4/6) claystone, dark red (2.5YR 3/6) moist; massive; extremely hard, extremely firm; few fine roots in cracks; common threads of calcium carbonate; strongly effervescent; moderately alkaline; clear smooth boundary. (Thickness of the 2C horizon is 0 to 64 cm [0 to 25 in])

2Cdy--107 to 203 cm (42 to 80 in); red (2.5YR 4/6) claystone, dark red (2.5YR 3/6) moist; massive; extremely hard, extremely firm; many seams of gypsum crystals; common thin strata and pockets of blueish-gray shale; strongly effervescent; moderately alkaline.

TYPE LOCATION: Woods County, Oklahoma; 6 miles east and 2 miles south of Freedom Oklahoma; 3500 feet north and 2180 feet west of the southeast corner of sec. 10, T. 26 N., R. 17 W.

USGS topographic quadrangle:
Latitude: 36 degrees, 44 minutes, 58.02 seconds N
Longitude: 99 degrees, 0 minutes, 52.2 seconds W
Datum:

Decimal Degrees
Latitude: 36.74945
Longitude: 99.0145

UTM Easting: 498705 m
UTM Northing: 40670778 m
UTM Zone: 14

RANGE IN CHARACTERISTICS:
Solum thickness (depth to C material): 61 to 127 cm (24 to 50 in)
Depth visible calcium carbonate: 13 to 81 cm (5 to 32 in)
Lithologic discontinuity: 61 to 152 cm {24 to 60 in)

Reaction is slightly or moderately alkaline in the A and 2Cd horizons and moderately alkaline throughout the remainder of the soil.

A horizon:
Hue: 2.5YR to 7.5YR
Value: 4 to 6, 3 to 5 moist
Chroma: 3 to 6
Texture: loam, silt loam, clay loam, or silty clay loam
Clay content: 18 to 35 percent
Calcium carbonate equivalent: 0 to 10 percent
Effervescence: strong
Reaction: slightly alkaline or moderately alkaline

Bw horizon:
Hue: 2.5YR to 7.5YR
Value: 4 to 6, 3 to 5 moist
Chroma: 3 to 6
Texture: loam, silt loam, clay loam, or silty clay loam
Clay content: 20 to 40 percent
Secondary carbonates: amount-0 to 2 percent by volume; size-fine; kind-films, nodules, and masses
Calcium carbonate equivalent: 2 to 15 percent
Effervescence: strong
Reaction: moderately alkaline

Bk horizon:
Hue: 2.5YR or 5YR
Value: 4 to 6, 3 to 5 moist
Chroma: 3 to 6
Texture: loam, silt loam, silty clay loam, or clay loam
Clay content: 20 to 40 percent
Secondary carbonates: amount-5 to 30 percent by volume; size fine; kind-films, nodules, and masses
Calcium carbonate equivalent: 5 to 20 percent.
Effervescence: strong
Reaction: moderately alkaline

BC and 2BC horizon:
Hue: 2.5YR or 5YR
Value: 4 to 6, 3 to 5 moist
Chroma: 4 or 6
Texture: clay loam, silty clay loam, or clay
Clay content: 27 to 50 percent
Secondary carbonates: amount-0 to 10 percent by volume; size-fine; kind-threads, masses, films, and nodules
Calcium carbonate equivalent: 5 to 15 percent
Effervescence: strong
Reaction: moderately alkaline

2C horizon:
Hue: 2.5YR or 5YR
Value: 4 to 6, 3 to 5 moist
Chroma: 4 or 6
Texture: clay loam, silty clay loam, or clay
Clay content ranges from 27 to 50 percent
Secondary carbonates (when present): amount-5 to 15 percent; size-fine; kind- masses, seams, and threads
Calcium carbonate equivalent: 5 to 15 percent
Effervescence: strong
Reaction: moderately alkaline

2Cd horizon:
Colors: similar to the C horizon
Texture: weathered interbedded silty shale, siltstone, and sandstone
Other features: this material is Cd-nonparalithic. It has rock-like structure and the bulk density is high enough to be root restrictive. Cracks or fractures may be less than 10 cm (4 in) apart or more than 10 cm (4 in) apart.
Excavation difficulty: low or moderate
Cementation: slakes in water within 15 hours
Calcium carbonate equivalent ranges: 5 to 15 percent
Effervescence: strong or violent
Reaction: slightly alkaline or moderately alkaline

COMPETING SERIES: This is Obaro soil in the same family.
Obaro soils: have weakly cemented sandstone within 102 cm (40 in) of the surface

GEOGRAPHIC SETTING:
Parent material: calcareous loamy alluvial or colluvial material overlying silty redbeds
Landscape: Dissected plains
Landform: Hills
Slope: 1 to 20 percent
Mean annual air temperature: 14 to 18 degrees C (57 to 64 degrees F)
Mean annual precipitation: 553 to 710 mm (22 to 28 in)
Frost-free period: 190 to 230 days
Elevation: 305 to 670 m (1000 to 2200 ft)
Thornthwaite annual P-E indices: 32 to 44

GEOGRAPHICALLY ASSOCIATED SOILS: These are the Carey, Jaywi, Tillman, Vernon, and Woodward series.
Carey soils: have mollic epipedons and Bt horizons
Jaywi soils: have sola thicker than 152 cm (60 in)
Tillman soils: have mollic epipedons and Bt horizons
Vernon soils: have more than 35 percent clay in the 25 to 100 cm (10 to 40 in) control section
Woodward soils: have less than 18 percent clay in the 25 to 100 cm (10 to 40 in) control section

DRAINAGE AND PERMEABILITY:
Drainage: Well drained
Permeability: slow
Runoff: high on 1 to 5 percent slopes, and very high on slopes greater than 5 percent

USE AND VEGETATION: Used mainly for rangeland. Minor use is devoted to cotton, wheat, and grain sorghum. Native vegetation consists mainly of short grasses with some midgrasses.

DISTRIBUTION AND EXTENT: Texas and Oklahoma; LRR-H Central Great Plains Winter Wheat and Range Region (MLRA's 78B, 78C, and 78D). The soil is extensive.

MLRA SOIL SURVEY REGIONAL OFFICE (MO) RESPONSIBLE: Temple, Texas

SERIES ESTABLISHED: Woods County, Oklahoma; 1995.

REMARKS:

Diagnostic horizons and features recognized in this pedon are:
Ochric epipedon: 0 to 23 cm (0 to 9 in) (A horizon)
Cambic horizon: 23 to 48 cm (9 to 25 in) (Bw horizon)
Lithologic discontinuity: 64 cm (25 in)

Taxonomic version: Keys To Soil Taxonomy, Twelfth Edition, 2014

National Cooperative Soil Survey
U.S.A.