LOCATION CAREY                   TX+KS OK

Established Series
Rev. DDR:CLN:TMK
09/2016

CAREY SERIES

The Carey series consists of very deep, well drained, moderately permeable soils that formed in weakly consolidated silty or sandy sediments of Permian age. These soils are on nearly level to moderately sloping shoulders and summits of dissected terraces on uplands of the Central Rolling Red Plains (MLRA 78B, 78C). Slope ranges from 0 to 8 percent. The mean annual air temperature is 14 degrees C (61 degrees F), and the mean annual precipitation is 635 mm (25 in).

TAXONOMIC CLASS: Fine-silty, mixed, superactive, thermic Typic Argiustolls

TYPICAL PEDON: Carey silt loam, on a smooth convex 2 percent slope, in rangeland, at an elevation of 534 m (1752 ft). (Colors are for dry soil unless otherwise stated.)

A--0 to 36 cm (0 to 14 in); dark grayish brown (10YR 4/2) silt loam, very dark grayish brown (10YR 3/2) moist; moderate fine and medium granular structure; slightly hard, very friable; many roots; common medium and fine pores; common wormcasts; neutral; clear smooth boundary. (Thickness of the A horizon is 18 to 46 cm [7 to 18 in])

Bt1--36 to 56 cm (14 to 22 in); reddish brown (5YR 5/3) silty clay loam, reddish brown (5YR 4/3) moist; moderate fine subangular blocky structure; hard, friable; common distinct clay films on faces of peds; few wormcasts; few calcium carbonate coatings on peds; slightly effervescent, moderately alkaline; gradual wavy boundary.

Bt2--56 to 91 cm (22 to 36 in); reddish brown (5YR 5/4) silty clay loam, reddish brown (5YR 4/4) moist; moderate fine and medium subangular blocky structure; hard, friable; common distinct clay films on faces of peds; calcium carbonate films and threads; slightly effervescent; moderately alkaline; clear wavy boundary. (Combined thickness of the Bt horizon is 30 to 81 cm [12 to 32 in])

Btk--91 to 122 cm (36 to 48 in); reddish brown (2.5YR 5/4) silty clay loam, reddish brown (2.5YR 4/4) moist; moderate medium subangular blocky structure; hard, friable; common distinct clay films on most ped surfaces; estimated 10 percent visible calcium carbonate as soft masses and coatings; strongly effervescent; moderately alkaline; gradual smooth boundary. (Thickness of the Btk horizon is 0 to 51 cm [0 to 20 in])

Bk--122 to 173 cm (48 to 68 in); red (2.5YR 5/6) silt loam, red (2.5YR 4/6) moist; weak medium subangular blocky structure; hard, friable; few fine masses and coatings of calcium carbonate; common fine greenish gray (10Y 5/1) silty shale fragments; strongly effervescent, moderately alkaline; gradual wavy boundary. (Thickness of the Bk horizon is 15 to 63 cm [6 to 25 in])

Cd--173 to 203 cm (68 to 80 in); reddish yellow (5YR 6/6) weakly consolidated silty redbeds; massive; stratified; slightly hard, very friable; slightly effervescent, moderately alkaline.

TYPE LOCATION: Wheeler County, Texas; 1 mile east of Shamrock water tower and 0.1 mile west of cemetery; 0.4 mile east and 100 feet north of southwest corner of sec. 43, block 17, HGNRR Survey.

USGS topographic quadrangle:
Latitude: 35 degrees, 12 minutes, 47.4 seconds N
Longitude: 100 degrees, 14 minutes, 2.9 seconds W
Datum: NAD 83

Decimal Degrees
Latitude: 35.21316
Longitude: 100.23414

UTM Easting: 386720 m
UTM Northing: 3897380 m
UTM Zone: 14

RANGE IN CHARACTERISTICS:
Solum thickness: 152 to more than 203 cm (60 to more than 80 in) and corresponds to depth of stratified weakly consolidated Permian sediments The sediments are commonly stratified with silt and very fine sandy loams.
Depth to secondary carbonates: 28 to 102 cm (11 to 40 in), carbonates occur as barely visible films and threads to distinct accumulations of soft masses and concretions.

Particle-size control section (weighted average):
Clay content: 20 to 35 percent

A horizon:
Hue: 5YR to 10YR
Value: 3 to 5, 2.5 to 3 moist
Chroma: 2 or 3
Texture: very fine sandy loam, silt loam, or loam
Effervescence: slight
Reaction: neutral or slightly alkaline

Bt1 horizon:
Hue: 2.5YR to 7.5YR
Value: 4 or 5, 3 to 4 moist
Chroma: 2 to 4
Texture: loam, clay loam, sandy clay loam, or silty clay loam
Effervescence: slight
Reaction: neutral to moderately alkaline

Bt2 horizon:
Hue: 2.5YR or 5YR
Value: 4 or 5, 3 to 4 moist
Chroma: 3 to 6
Texture: loam, clay loam, or silty clay loam
Effervescence: slight
Reaction: neutral to moderately alkaline

Btk horizon:
Hue: 2.5YR to 7.5YR
Value: 5 or 6, 4 to 5 moist
Chroma: 4 to 6
Texture: very fine sandy loam, silt loam, silty clay loam, or clay loam
Visible calcium carbonate: common fine carbonate masses
Other features: Some pedons do not have this horizon.
Effervescence: slight to strong
Reaction: moderately alkaline

Bk horizon:
Hue: 2.5YR or 5YR
Value: 4 to 6, 3 to 5 moist
Chroma: 4 to 6
Texture: very fine sandy loam, silt loam, loam, clay loam or silty clay loam
Visible calcium carbonate: few fine carbonate masses
Effervescence: slight to strong
Reaction: moderately alkaline

Cd horizon:
Texture: is weakly consolidated, nonparalithic, stratified sandstone, siltstone, or packsand. Interbedded layers of silt loam, silty clay loam or very fine sandy loam are common in some pedons.
Fractures: are greater than 10 cm (4 in) apart
Bulk density: is high enough to be root restrictive
Excavation difficulty: low to moderate
Cementation: this material slakes in water within 15 hours
Effervescence: slightly to strongly
Reaction moderately alkaline

COMPETING SERIES: These are the Selman (OK) and Willow (OK) series. Series in similar families include the Dodson (TX), Grant (OK), Kingfisher (OK), Obaro (TX), Quanah (TX), St. Paul (OK), Vanoss (OK) and Westview (OK) series. Selman soils: occur in areas with annual temperatures of less than 15 degrees C (59 degrees F).
Dodson soils: have a fine particle-size control section
Grant, Kingfisher, and Vanoss soils: do not have secondary carbonates within 86 cm (34 in)
Obaro soils: have an ochric epipedon
Quanah soils: are calcareous throughout and do not have an argillic horizon
St. Paul and Westview soils: have a mollic epipedon more than 50 cm (20 in) thick

GEOGRAPHIC SETTING:
Parent material: formed in materials weathered from silty or sandy sediments of Permian age
Landscape: Dissected plains
Landform: Hills
Slope: 0 to 8 percent
Mean annual air temperature: 15 to 18 degrees C (59 to 64 degrees F)
Mean annual precipitation: 508 to 711 mm (20 to 28 in)
Frost-free period: 200 to 230 days
Elevation: 305 to 762 m (1000 to 2500 ft)
Thornthwaite annual P-E indices: 34 to 44

GEOGRAPHICALLY ASSOCIATED SOILS: These are the Bukreek, Dodson, Lutie, Madge, Obaro, Paducah, Quinlan, St. Paul, and Woodward series.
Bukreek and Madge soils: have fine-loamy particle-size control sections Dodson soils: have fine particle-size control sections
Lutie soils: are calcareous and have calcic horizons
Obaro, Paducah, Quinlan, and Woodward soils: have an ochric epipedon; In addition, Obaro, Quinlan and Woodward soils do not have an argillic horizon.

DRAINAGE AND PERMEABILITY: Well drained, moderate permeability, Surface runoff is negligible on 0 to 1 percent slopes, low on 1 to 5 percent slopes and medium on 5 to 8 percent slopes.

USE AND VEGETATION: Most areas are cultivated to cotton, wheat, and grain sorghum. Some areas remain in rangeland and support blue grama, buffalograss, little bluestem, sand bluestem, switchgrass, and sideoats grama.

DISTRIBUTION AND EXTENT: LRR H-Central Great Plains Winter Wheat and Range Region; Northwestern part of the Central Rolling Red Plains of Texas and adjoining areas in Oklahoma (MLRA'S 78B & 78C). The series is of moderate extent.

MLRA SOIL SURVEY REGIONAL OFFICE (MO) RESPONSIBLE: Temple, Texas

SERIES ESTABLISHED: Harmon County, Oklahoma; 1943.

REMARKS:
These soils were formerly classified in the Reddish Chestnut great soil group.

The Carey series originally was considered as deep and very deep 100 to 178 cm (40 to 70 in) to Permian sediments. Most of the 100 to 152 cm (40 to 60 in) areas are in Oklahoma and interpretations have been developed for this soil. As these survey areas are updated, a new series will be developed to better define this soil.

Diagnostic horizons and features recognized in this pedon:
Mollic epipedon: 0 to 36 cm (0 to 14 in) (A horizon)
Argillic horizon: 36 to 122 cm (14 to 48 in) (Bt horizons)

ADDITIONAL DATA: None

Taxonomic version: Keys To Soil Taxonomy, Twelfth Edition, 2014

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National Cooperative Soil Survey
U.S.A.