LOCATION QUANAH                  TX+OK

Established Series
Rev. WRE-ERB-DDR
01/2017

QUANAH SERIES

The Quanah series consists of very deep, well drained, moderately permeable soils that formed in loamy calcareous slope alluvium and/or colluvium of Permian age. These soils occur on nearly level to gently sloping base slopes and side slopes of hillslopes. Slope ranges from 0 to 5 percent. Mean annual precipitation is 610 to 660 mm (24 to 26 in) and the mean annual air temperature is about 16.7 degrees C (62 degrees F).

TAXONOMIC CLASS: Fine-silty, mixed, superactive, thermic Typic Calciustolls

TYPICAL PEDON: Quanah silty clay loam--rangeland.
(Colors are for dry soil unless otherwise stated.)

A--0 to 28 cm (0 to 11 in); brown (10YR 4/3) silty clay loam, dark brown (10YR 3/3) moist; weak subangular blocky and moderate fine and medium granular structure; hard, friable; many fine roots; many very fine pores; strongly effervescent, moderately alkaline; clear smooth boundary. Thickness is 15 to 38 cm (6 to 15 in)

Bw1--28 to 64 cm (11 to 25 in); brown (7.5YR 5/4) silty clay loam, brown (7.5YR 4/3) moist; moderate fine to medium subangular blocky structure; hard, friable; many fine pores, common medium pores; strongly effervescent, moderately alkaline; gradual smooth boundary. Thickness is 20 to 56 cm (8 to 22 in)

Bw2--64 to 86 cm (25 to 34 in); reddish brown (5YR 5/4) silty clay loam, reddish brown (5YR 4/4) moist; moderate fine to medium subangular blocky structure; hard, friable; many very fine pores; few fine strongly cemented calcium carbonate concretions; strongly effervescent, moderately alkaline; gradual smooth boundary. Combined thickness of the Bw horizons is 20 to 86 cm (8 to 34 in)

Bk1--86 to 117 cm (34 to 46 in); reddish yellow (5YR 6/6) silty clay loam; yellowish red (5YR 5/6) moist; weak fine to medium subangular blocky structure; hard, friable; estimated 25 to 30 percent by volume of masses and strongly cemented concretions of calcium carbonate; violently effervescent, moderately alkaline; diffuse boundary. Combined thickness of the Bk horizons is 102 more than 152 cm (40 to more than 60 in)

Bk2--117 to 183 cm (46 to 72 in); reddish yellow (5YR 6/6) silty clay loam, yellowish red (5YR 5/6) moist; weak fine to medium subangular blocky structure; very hard, firm; estimated 15 to 40 percent by volume of films and threads of calcium carbonate; violently effervescent, moderately alkaline.

TYPE LOCATION: Hardeman County, Texas; from the courthouse in Quanah, 2.2 miles north on State Highway 6; 1.75 miles west on county road; 1.0 mile north on county road; 200 feet west of road in rangeland.
USGS topographic quadrangle: Quanah West, Texas;
Latitude: 34 degrees, 20 minutes, 39 seconds N;
Longitude: 99 degrees, 46 minutes, 21 seconds W;
Datum WGS84.
UTM Easting 428949.51 m, UTM Northing 3800587.86 m, UTM Zone 14.

RANGE IN CHARACTERISTICS:
Soil Moisture: Typic Ustic soil moisture regime.
Thickness of mollic epipedon: 25 to 51 cm (10 to 20 in)
Depth to identifiable secondary carbonate: 25 to 102 cm (10 to 40 in)
Depth to calcic horizon: 51 to 102 cm (20 to 40 in)

Particle-size control section (weighted average)
Silicate clay content: 20 to 35 percent
Calcium carbonate equivalent: 15 to 35 percent

A horizon
Hue: 7.5YR or 10YR
Value: 4 or 5
Chroma: 2 or 3
Texture: silt loam, loam, clay loam, or silty clay loam
Rock fragment: 0 to 5 percent, by volume, weathered limestone less than 1 cm across long axis
Effervescence: slight to strong
Reaction (pH): slightly alkaline to moderately alkaline (7.4 to 8.4)

Bw or upper Bk horizons (above a calcic horizon)
Hue: 5YR to 10YR
Value: 4 or 5
Chroma: 2 to 4
Texture: silt loam, loam, clay loam, or silty clay loam
Total clay content: 20 to 40 percent
Carbonate clay content: 1 to 5 percent
Rock fragment: 0 to 5 percent, by volume, weathered limestone less than 1 cm across long axis
Identifiable secondary carbonate: 0 to 5 percent, fine, concretions, films, threads, or masses
Calcium carbonate equivalent: 2 to 15 percent
Effervescence: slight to strong
Reaction (pH): slightly alkaline to moderately alkaline (7.4 to 8.4)

Bk horizons (Calcic horizon)
Hue: 5YR or 7.5YR
Value: 5 or 6
Chroma: 4 to 6
Texture: silt loam, loam, clay loam, or silty clay loam
Total clay content: 20 to 40 percent
Carbonate clay content: 2 to 10 percent
Rock fragment: 0 to 10 percent, by volume, weathered limestone less than 1 cm across long axis
Identifiable secondary carbonate: 5 to 40 percent, concretions, films, threads, or masses
Calcium carbonate equivalent: 15 to 40 percent
Effervescence: slight to violent
Reaction (pH): slightly alkaline to moderately alkaline (7.4 to 8.4)

COMPETING SERIES: This is the Nuvalde series in the same family. Similar soils include Angelo, Aspermont, Burford, Jaywi, Lutie, Oakley, and Set series.
Nuvalde and Angelo soils: allow clay or silty clay textures in the particle-size control section and formed in alluvial sediments on stream terraces
Aspermont and Burford soils: are deep (102 to 152 cm) to densic bedrock and do not have a mollic epipedon
Jaywi soils: do not have a mollic epipedon
Lutie soils: have an argillic horizon
Oakley soils: are fine-loamy in the particle-size control section and formed in alluvial terrace sediments
Set soils: are deep (102 to 152 cm) to densic bedrock of Pennsylvanian age and have carbonatic mineralogy

GEOGRAPHIC SETTING:
Parent material: calcareous loamy slope alluvium and/or colluvium derived from gypsum, limestone, and mudstone of the Blaine Formation of Permian age.
Landscape: dissected plains
Landform: base slopes and side slopes on hillslopes
Slope: dominantly 0 to 3 percent, but range up to 5 percent
Mean annual precipitation: 559 to 686 mm (22 to 27 in)
Thornthwaite P-E indices: 32 to 38
Mean annual air temperature: 15.0 to 18.3 degrees C (59 to 65 degrees F)
Frost free days: 200 to 230 days
Elevation: 426.7 to 609.6 m (1,400 to 2,000 ft)

GEOGRAPHICALLY ASSOCIATED SOILS: These are the Aspermont, Jaywi, Nipsum, Talpa, Tilvern, Vernon and Westill series.
Aspermont soils: occur on similar to slightly higher positions
Jaywi soils: occur on more sloping areas
Nipsum soils: have a mollic epipedon more than 50 cm (20 in) thick and occur on lower positions
Talpa soils: are less than 50 cm (20 in) deep to dolomitic limestone and occur on higher positions
Tilvern, Vernon, and Westill soils: have more than 35 percent clay in the particle-size control section. Tilvern and Vernon occur on similar to higher positions and Westill soils occur on similar to lower positions.

DRAINAGE AND PERMEABILITY: Well drained. Permeability is moderate. Runoff is negligible on slopes less than 1 percent, low on 1 to 5 percent slopes.

USE AND VEGETATION: Used mostly as rangeland, but some areas are cultivated with wheat, sorghums, and cotton the principal crops. Native vegetation is sideoats grama, buffalograss, blue grama, vine-mesquite, and mesquite trees.

DISTRIBUTION AND EXTENT: North central Texas and southwestern Oklahoma; Land Resource Region - H; MLRAs 78B and 78C (Central Rolling Red Plains). This series is of moderate extent.

MLRA SOIL SURVEY REGIONAL OFFICE (MO) RESPONSIBLE: Temple, Texas

SERIES ESTABLISHED: Hardeman County, Texas; 1966.

REMARKS: These soils were formerly included in the La Casa series and classified in the Reddish Chestnut great soil group.

Edited 01/2017 (RFG-ROG): Changed to tabular format. Added metric measurements. Updated competing series, geographic setting, and associated soils sections.

Diagnostic horizons and features recognized in the pedon are:
Particle-size control section: 25 to 100 cm (10 to 40 in)
Mollic epipedon: 0 to 28 cm (0 to 11 in) (A horizon)
Cambic horizon: 28 to 86 cm (11 to 34 in) (Bw1 and Bw2 horizons)
Calcic horizon: 86 to 183 cm (34 to 72 in) (Bk1 and Bk2 horizons)

ADDITIONAL DATA: KSSL Data from Foard County, TX User Pedon ID# 03TX155003

Taxonomic Version: Keys to Soil Taxonomy, Twelfth Edition, 2014

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National Cooperative Soil Survey
U.S.A.