LOCATION CHAVARO NM
Established Series
RAH-TAC-TCB-RM
05/2016
CHAVARO SERIES
The Chavaro series consists of very deep, well drained, moderately permeable soils. These soils formed in loamy eolian deposits from the Blackwater Draw Formation of Pleistocene age. Chavaro soils are on nearly level to very gently sloping plains and playa slopes. Slope ranges from 0 to 3 percent. Mean annual precipitation is 406 mm (16 in) and mean annual temperature is 15 degrees C. (59 degrees F).
TAXONOMIC CLASS: Fine-loamy, siliceous, active, thermic Calcidic Argiustolls
TYPICAL PEDON: Chavaro loam, on a very gently sloping plain, 1 percent slope in a rangeland at an elevation of about 1,395 m (4,577 ft). (Colors are for dry soil unless otherwise stated.)
A1--0 to 10 cm (0 to 4 in); reddish brown (5YR 4/3) sandy clay loam, dark reddish brown (5YR 3/3) moist; weak medium subangular blocky structure; slightly hard, friable; slightly sticky and slightly plastic; common fine and medium roots throughout; very slightly effervescent; moderately alkaline; clear wavy boundary.
A2--10 to 18 cm (4 to 7 in); reddish brown (5YR 4/3) clay loam, dark reddish brown (5YR 3/3) moist; weak coarse prismatic structure parting to moderate medium subangular blocky; hard, friable; moderately sticky and moderately plastic; common fine roots throughout; very slightly effervescent; moderately alkaline; clear wavy boundary. (Combined thickness of the A horizons is 10 to 25 cm[4to 10 in].)
Bt--18 to 37 cm (7 to 14 in); reddish brown (5YR 4/3) clay loam, dark reddish brown (5YR 3/3) moist; weak coarse prismatic structure parting to moderate medium subangular blocky; hard, firm; moderately sticky and moderately plastic; common fine roots throughout; common discontinuous distinct clay films on ped surfaces; slightly effervescent; moderately alkaline; clear wavy boundary. (Thickness is 10 to 25 cm [4 to 10 in].)
Btk1--37 to 48 cm (14 to 19 in); reddish brown (5YR 5/3) clay loam, reddish brown (5YR 4/3) moist; weak coarse prismatic structure parting to moderate medium subangular blocky; hard, firm; moderately sticky and moderately plastic; common fine roots throughout; common discontinuous distinct clay films on ped surfaces; about 10 percent calcium carbonate by volume as masses, nodules, and finely disseminated carbonates throughout; strongly effervescent; moderately alkaline; clear smooth boundary.
Btk2--48 to 80 cm (19 to 31 in); light reddish brown (5YR 6/4) clay loam, reddish brown (5YR 5/4) moist; moderate medium subangular blocky structure; hard, firm; moderately sticky and moderately plastic; common fine roots throughout; few patchy and faint clay films on ped surfaces; about 30 percent calcium carbonate by volume as masses, nodules, and finely disseminated carbonates throughout; violently effervescent; moderately alkaline; clear wavy boundary.
Btk3--80 to 110 cm (31 to 43 in); reddish yellow (5YR 6/6) clay loam, yellowish red (5YR 5/6) moist; moderate medium subangular blocky structure; hard, firm; common fine roots throughout; moderately sticky and moderately plastic; few patchy and faint clay films on ped surfaces; about 25 percent calcium carbonate by volume as masses, nodules, and finely disseminated carbonates throughout; violently effervescent; moderately alkaline; clear smooth boundary. (Combined thickness of the Btk horizons is 20 to 100 cm [8 to 39 in].)
Bkk--110 to 166 cm (43 to 65 in); pinkish white (5YR 8/2) clay loam, yellowish pink (5YR 7/4) moist; weak medium subangular blocky structure; slightly hard, friable; slightly sticky, slightly plastic; common fine roots throughout; about 55 percent calcium carbonate by volume as masses, nodules, and finely disseminated carbonates throughout; violently effervescent; moderately alkaline; clear wavy boundary. (Thickness is 25 to 102 cm [10 to 40 in].)
B'tk4--166 to 203 cm (65 to 80 in); light reddish brown (5YR 6/4) clay loam, reddish brown (5YR 5/4) moist; weak medium subangular blocky structure; hard, firm; slightly sticky, slightly plastic; common fine roots throughout; few patchy and faint clay films on ped surfaces; about 40 percent calcium carbonate by volume as masses, nodules, and finely disseminated carbonates throughout; violently effervescent; moderately alkaline.
TYPE LOCATION: Roosevelt County, New Mexico; from the intersection of Highway 70 and Highway 330 in Elida; 7 miles southwest on Highway 70 to private road; 0.6 miles west on private road; 411 ft north on private road; 60 ft east in rangeland; SW of the NW of S. 18. T. 5 S., R. 30 E. of Section 18, Township 5 S., Range 30 E; Latitude: 33 degrees, 52 minutes, 18.4 seconds North; Longitude: 103 degrees, 44 minutes, 12.9 seconds west; Elida, New Mexico USGS quad; NAD 83.
RANGE IN CHARACTERISTICS:
Soil moisture: An aridic moisture regime bordering on ustic. The soil moisture control section is dry in some or all parts for more than 205 but less than 270 days, cumulative, in normal years. November through April normally is the driest months. These soils are intermittently moist in May through October.
Mean annual soil temperature: 15 to 18 degrees C. (59 to 64 degrees F).
Depth to argillic horizon: 10 to 25 cm (4 to 10 in).
Depth to secondary calcium carbonate: 20 to 50 cm (8 to 20 in).
Depth to calcic horizon: 51 to 102 cm (20 to 40 in).
Particle-size control section: 18 to 35 percent silicate clay.
Solum thickness: more than 203 cm (80 in).
A horizons:
Hue: 5YR to 10YR
Value: 3 to 5 dry, 3 or 4 moist
Chroma: 2 to 4
Texture: loam, sandy clay loam
Effervescence: none to strong
Reaction: slightly or moderately alkaline
Bt horizons:
Hue: 5YR to 10YR
Value: 4 to 6 dry, 3 to 5 moist
Chroma: 3 to 6
Texture: sandy clay loam or clay loam
Visible calcium carbonate: less than 2 percent as films, threads, or nodules
Effervescence: slight or strong
Reaction: moderately alkaline
Btk horizons:
Hue: 5YR to 10YR
Value: 4 to 7 dry, 3 to 6 moist
Chroma: 3 to 6
Texture: sandy clay loam, clay loam
Visible secondary calcium carbonate: 5 to 50 percent by volume in the form of masses, nodules and finely disseminated carbonates
Effervescence: strong or violent
Reaction: moderately alkaline
Bkk Horizon:
Hue: 5YR or 7.5YR
Value: 6 to 8 dry, 5 to 7 moist
Chroma: 2 to 6
Texture: sandy clay loam, clay loam
Visible secondary calcium carbonate: 50 to 70 percent by volume in the form of masses, nodules and finely disseminated carbonates
Calcium carbonate by weight: 40 to 60 percent
Effervescence: violent
Reaction: moderately alkaline or strongly alkaline
B'tk Horizon:
Hue: 5YR or 7.5YR
Value: 4 to 7 dry, 3 to 6 moist
Chroma: 2 to 6
Texture: sandy clay loam, clay loam
Visible secondary calcium carbonate: 5 to 50 percent by volume in the form of masses, nodules and finely disseminated carbonates
Effervescence: strong or violent
Reaction: moderately alkaline
COMPETING SERIES: There are no competing series in the same family. Similar soils include the
Acuff,
Amarose (T-NM),
Arizer (T-NM),
Bovina (T-TX),
Elida (T-NM),
Estacado,
Evanola (T-NM),
Faskin,
Jalmar,
Redona,
Texline,
Triomas, and
Vestwells (T-NM) series.
Acuff,
Bovina, and
Estacado soils: are moist in the soil moisture control section for longer periods.
Amarose and
Faskin soils: have higher color value and chromas and lower organic carbon content in the surface horizon, in addition Faskin soils are in the superactive activity class.
Arizer soils: have lighter colors in the argillic horizon.
Elida soils: have less than 18 percent silicate clay in the particle-size control section.
Evanola soils: have higher color value and chromas and lower organic carbon content in the surface horizon, have a calcic horizon at 44 cm (17 in) from the soil surface, have a superactive cation exchange activity class, formed in sediments weathered primarily from sandstone and shale of Triassic age and are dry in the soil moisture control section for slightly longer periods.
Jalmar and
Vestwells soils: have a sandy surface more than 51 cm (20 in) thick and a loamy particle-size control section.
Redona soils: have higher color value and chromas and lower organic carbon content in the surface horizon, have a superactive cation exchange activity class, formed in sediments weathered primarily from sandstone and shale of Triassic age and are dry in the soil moisture control section for slightly longer periods.
Texline soils: have a calcic horizon below 51cm (20 in) cm of the mineral soil surface and are cooler in the soil temperature control section and are moist in the soil moisture control section for longer periods.
Triomas soils: have higher color value and chromas and lower organic carbon content in the surface horizon and have a calcic horizon below 152 cm (60 in)
GEOGRAPHIC SETTING:
Parent material: loamy, calcareous eolian sediments in the Blackwater Draw Formation of Pleistocene age.
Landform: nearly level to very gently sloping plains and playa slopes.
Slopes: 0 to 3 percent.
Mean annual air temperature: 14 to 17 degrees C. (57 to 63 degrees F).
Mean annual precipitation: 356 to 432 mm (14 to 17 in).
Frost-free period: 180 to 220 days.
Elevation: 762 to 1,463 m (2,500 to 4,800 ft).
Thornthwaite annual P-E Index Values: 22 to 26.
GEOGRAPHICALLY ASSOCIATED SOILS: These are the
Kenhill (NM) and
Ratliff series.
Kenhill soils; are on similar landscape positions and have petrocalcic horizons.
Ratliff soils: are on similar landscape positions, do not have an argillic horizon and a CEC activity class of superactive.
DRAINAGE AND PERMEABILITY: Well drained and moderate permeability. Surface runoff is negligible on less than 1 percent slopes and low on 1 to 3 percent slopes.
USE AND VEGETATION: Mainly used for rangeland. Small areas are used for irrigated cropland. Principal crops where irrigated are grain sorghum and wheat. Climax vegetation is dominantly short grasses with a few mid grasses and includes blue grama, black grama, and buffalograss, with lesser amounts of vine-mesquite, western wheatgrass, sideoats grama, galleta, or tobosa, silver bluestem, wild alfalfa, and prairie clover. This soil has been correlated to the Loamy (R077DY042TX) ecological site in MLRA-77D.
DISTRIBUTION AND EXTENT: Southern High Plains, Southern Part (MLRA 77D in LRR H) of eastern New Mexico. The series is minor in extent.
MLRA SOIL SURVEY REGIONAL OFFICE (MO) RESPONSIBLE: Temple, Texas
SERIES ESTABLISHED: MLRA-77 Soil Survey Update; Roosevelt County, New Mexico, 2016
REMARKS: These soils were previously included with the Portales and Mansker series.
Diagnostic horizons and features recognized in this pedon are:
Ochric epipedon: 0 to 18 cm (0 to 7 in) A horizons.
Argillic horizon: 18 to 110 cm (7 to 43 in) Bt and Btk horizons.
Calcic horizon: 48 to 203 cm (19 to 80 in) Btk2, Btk3, Bkk, and B'tk4 horizons.
ADDITIONAL DATA: NSSL Laboratory Data available - Roosevelt County, New Mexico (S10NM041004).
Taxonomic Version: Keys to Soil Taxonomy, Eleventh Edition, 2010.
National Cooperative Soil Survey
U.S.A.