LOCATION CISCO                   TX

Established Series
Rev. JDM:CLN
12/2016

CISCO SERIES

The Cisco series consists of very deep, well drained, moderately permeable soils that formed in loamy and sandy materials derived from sandstone of Cretaceous age. These soils occur on very gently sloping to moderately sloping backslopes and footslopes of low ridges on hills. Slope ranges from 1 to 8 percent. Mean annual precipitation is about 737 mm (29 in), and mean annual air temperature is about 18.3 degrees C (65 degrees F).

TAXONOMIC CLASS: Fine-loamy, siliceous, superactive, thermic Typic Haplustalfs

TYPICAL PEDON: Cisco loamy fine sand--cultivated.
(Colors are for dry soil unless otherwise stated.)

Ap--0 to 25 cm (0 to 10 in); brown (7.5YR 5/4) loamy fine sand, brown (7.5YR 4/4) moist; weak fine granular structure; slightly hard, friable; few fine roots; neutral; clear smooth boundary. Thickness is 13 to 46 cm (5 to 18 in)

Bt1--25 to 36 cm (10 to 14 in); yellowish red (5YR 4/6) sandy clay loam, yellowish red (5YR 4/6) moist; moderate fine subangular blocky structure; very hard, firm; few fine roots; few medium pores; few thin clay films on faces of peds; slightly acid; gradual smooth boundary. Thickness is 10 to 51 cm (4 to 20 in)

Bt2--36 to 76 cm (14 to 30 in); yellowish red (5YR 4/6) sandy clay loam, yellowish red (5YR 4/6) moist; weak medium subangular blocky structure; very hard, firm; few fine roots; few fine pores; few thin clay films on faces of peds; slightly acid; gradual smooth boundary. Thickness is 30 to 51 cm (12 to 20 in)

BCt--76 to 127 cm (30 to 50 in); reddish yellow (7.5YR 6/6) sandy clay loam, strong brown (7.5YR 5/6) moist; weak coarse subangular blocky structure; few medium faint brown (7.5YR 4/4) mottles and few fine faint yellowish red mottles; very hard, firm; few fine roots; few fine pores, few thin clay films on faces of peds; few fine brown concretions; neutral; clear wavy boundary. Thickness is 15 to 76 cm (6 to 30 in)

BCk--127 to 178 cm (50 to 70 in); light brownish gray (10YR 6/2) fine sandy loam, light brownish gray (10YR 6/2) moist; common fine yellowish brown mottles; weak coarse prismatic structure; slightly hard, friable; common fine calcium carbonate concretions; slightly effervescent; moderately alkaline.

TYPE LOCATION: Eastland County, Texas; from the intersection of U.S. Highway 183 and Texas Highway 36 in Rising Star, 6.6 miles west on Texas Highway 36; south on county road 0.3 mile and 109 yards west in field.
USGS topographic quadrangle: Pioneer, TX;
Latitude: 32 degrees, 5 minutes, 47.06 seconds, N;
Longitude: 99 degrees, 5 minutes, 4.53 seconds, W;
Datum: WGS84.
UTM Easting 492018.23 m, UTM Northing 3551124.77 m; UTM Zone 14.

RANGE IN CHARACTERISTICS:
Soil Moisture: Typic ustic soil moisture regime.
Solum thickness: 152 to 203 cm (60 to 80 in)
Depth to argillic horizon: 13 to 46 cm (5 to 18 in)
Depth to secondary carbonates: 91 to 152 cm (36 to 60 in)

Particle-size control section (weighted average)
Clay content: 20 to 35 percent. More than 20 percent (relative) decrease in clay from the maximum within a depth of 152 cm (60 in)
Rock fragments: 0 to 10 percent, rounded siliceous pebbles in some pedons

A horizon
Hue: 5YR, 7.5YR, 10YR
Value: 4 to 6
Chroma: 2 to 4
Texture: loamy sand, loamy fine sand, fine sandy loam
Reaction (pH): slightly acid to neutral (6.1 - 7.3)

Bt horizons
Hue: 2.5YR, 5YR
Value: 4 or 5
Chroma: 4 to 8
Texture: sandy clay loam, clay loam
Clay content: 20 to 35 percent
Reaction (pH): slightly acid to slightly alkaline (6.1 - 7.8)

BCt horizon
Hue: 2.5YR, 5YR, 7.5YR
Value: 4 to 7
Chroma: 4 to 8
Texture: sandy clay loam, fine sandy loam
Clay content: 10 to 25 percent
Redox features: none to many; yellowish brown, brown, and red
Reaction (pH): slightly acid to moderately alkaline (6.1 - 8.4)

BC or BCk horizon
Hue: 7.5YR, 10YR
Value: 5 to 8
Chroma: 2 to 8
Texture: sandy clay loam, fine sandy loam, loam and may be interbedded with weakly cemented sandstone
Redox features: few to many; yellow, brown, and red
Identifiable secondary carbonate: 0 to 5 percent by volume; concretions, films, masses, and threads
Reaction (pH): neutral to moderately alkaline (6.6 - 8.4)

C horizon (where present)
Color: shades of yellow, brown or red
Texture: loamy fine sand, fine sandy loam, sandy clay loam, loam, or weakly cemented sandstone
Reaction (pH): slightly alkaline to moderately alkaline (6.1 - 8.4)

COMPETING SERIES: This is the Newcastle series in the same family. Similar soils are the Campair, Honeycreek, May, Menard, and Rochelle series.
Campair soils: are less than 102 cm (40 in) deep to hard sandstone of Cambrian age
Newcastle soils: are less than 102 cm (40 in) deep to Pennsylvanian and Permian age sandstone
Honeycreek soils: are 102 to 152 cm (40 to 60 in) deep to schist or gneiss bedrock and have mixed mineralogy
May soils: occur on stream terraces in slightly moister climates
Menard soils: have mixed mineralogy
Rochelle soils: occur on ancient terraces, are moderately deep to gravel beds, and have mixed mineralogy

GEOGRAPHIC SETTING:
Parent material: sandy and loamy materials derived from sandstone of Cretaceous age
Landscape: hills
Landform: low ridges
Slope: 1 to 8 percent
Mean annual precipitation: 686 to 889 mm (27 to 35 in)
Thornthwaite P-E Index: 40 to 50
Mean annual air temperature: 16.7 to 19.4 degrees C (62 to 67 degrees F)
Frost free period: 220 to 245 days
Elevation: 213.4 to 670.6 m (700 to 2,200 ft)

GEOGRAPHICALLY ASSOCIATED SOILS: These are the Chaney, Hext, May, Menard, Nimrod, Pedernales and Wise series.
Chaney soils: occur on similar or slightly lower positions and have gray mottles in the Bt horizons
Hext and Wise soils: occur on slightly higher positions, do not have argillic horizons, and have carbonates in the upper part of the solum
May soils: occur on slightly lower stream terraces
Menard soils: occur on similar positions
Nimrod soils: occur on slightly higher positions, have gray mottles in the Bt horizons, and have arenic surface layers
Pedernales soils: occur on slightly higher positions and have more than 35 percent clay in the particle-size control section

DRAINAGE AND PERMEABILITY: Well drained; Permeability is moderate; Runoff is low on 1 to 5 percent slopes and medium on 5 to 8 percent slopes.

USE AND VEGETATION: Mainly cultivated; principal crops are peanuts and grain sorghum. Native vegetation consists of a dense cover of post oak trees, with grassy understory of little bluestem, sideoats grama, and silver bluestem.

DISTRIBUTION AND EXTENT: North central Texas. Land Resource Region J (Southwestern Prairies Cotton and Forage Region); MLRAs 84B (Western Cross Timbers) and 85 (Grand Prairie). The series is of large extent.

MLRA SOIL SURVEY REGIONAL OFFICE (MO) RESPONSIBLE: Temple, Texas

SERIES ESTABLISHED: Eastland County, Texas; 1972.

REMARKS: These soils were formerly included in the Menard series.

Edited 12/2016 (RFG-TRD): Converted to tabular format and added metric units. Updated competing series, geographic setting, and associated soils sections.

Diagnostic horizons and features recognized in this pedon:
Particle-size control section: 25 to 76 cm (10 to 30 in) (Bt1 and Bt2)
Ochric epipedon : 0 to 25 cm (0 to 10 in) (Ap horizon)
Argillic horizon : 25 to 127 cm (10 to 50 in) (Bt1, Bt2 and BCt)

ADDITIONAL DATA: None

Taxonomic Version: Keys to Soil Taxonomy, Twelfth Edition, 2014

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National Cooperative Soil Survey
U.S.A.