LOCATION COPENHAGEN IDEstablished Series
TAXONOMIC CLASS: Ashy-skeletal, glassy, frigid Lithic Haploxerolls
TYPICAL PEDON: Copenhagen very channery ashy loam in rangeland. (Colors are for dry soil unless otherwise noted.)
A--0 to 6 inches; gray (10YR 5/1) very channery ashy loam, very dark grayish brown (10YR 3/2) moist; weak fine granular structure; soft, friable, slightly sticky and slightly plastic; common very fine, common fine and few medium roots; 35 percent fine channers; neutral (pH 7.0); clear smooth boundary. (2 to 8 inches thick)
Bw--6 to 14 inches; gray (10YR 5/1) very channery ashy loam, very dark grayish brown (10YR 3/2) moist; weak medium subangular blocky structure; slightly hard, very friable, slightly sticky and moderately plastic; common very fine, common fine, and few medium roots; 35 percent channers and 5 percent flagstones; neutral (pH 7.2); clear wavy boundary. (6 to 12 inches thick)
R--14 inches; consolidated volcanic ash and tuff.
TYPE LOCATION: Oneida County, Idaho; 5 miles northeast from Malad City, approximately 1,000 feet south and 1,300 feet east of the northwest corner, sec. 6, T. 14 S., R. 37 E. Latitude 42 degrees, 14 min., 33 sec. north; Longitude 112 degrees 10, min., 35 sec. west.
RANGE IN CHARACTERISTICS:
Mollic epipedon thickness - 4 to 16 inches thick Clay in the particle-size control section - 15 to 25 percent clay Volcanic glass content in the particle-size control section - 70 to 90 percent Coarse fragments in the particle-size control section - 35 to 85 percent Reaction of profile - neutral or slightly alkaline Depth to consolidated ash - 10 to 20 inches Average annual soil temperature - 42 to 47 degrees F
A horizon Hue - 10YR or 2.5Y Value - 4 or 5 dry, 2 or 3 moist Chroma - 1 or 2 dry or moist
Bw horizon Hue - 10YR or 2.5Y Value - 4 or 5 dry, 2 or 3 moist Chroma - 1 through 3 dry or moist Textures - very gravelly loam, very channery loam, extremely channery loam
COMPETING SERIES: These are the Chanybuck and Kunceider series. Chanybuck soils are 5 to 10 inches deep to a lithic contact. Kunceidar soils have an aridic soil moisture regime.
GEOGRAPHIC SETTING: Copenhagen soils are on mountain sideslopes and toeslopes. Elevations range from 4,800 to 6,200 feet. Slopes are 12 to 55 percent. This soil formed in alluvium from consolidated volcanic ash and tuffaceous limestone with some influence from loess. Average annual precipitation is 14 to 18 inches. Average annual air temperature is 40 to 45 degrees F. Average annual summer air temperature is 63 to 65 degrees F. Frost-free period is about 70 to 95 days.
GEOGRAPHICALLY ASSOCIATED SOILS: These are the Broadhead, Hondoho, Lonigan, and the Manila soils. All these soils lack a lithic contact within 20 inches. They are on adjacent mountain slopes.
DRAINAGE AND PERMEABILITY: Well drained; medium to rapid runoff; moderate permeability.
USE AND VEGETATION: Used mainly for range. Vegetation is mainly mountain big sagebrush, antelope bitterbrush, bluebunch wheatgrass, and slender wheatgrass.
DISTRIBUTION AND EXTENT: Copenhagen soils are inextensive in southeastern Idaho.
MLRA SOIL SURVEY REGIONAL OFFICE (MO) RESPONSIBLE: Portland, Oregon
SERIES ESTABLISHED: Oneida County, Idaho, 1994.
REMARKS: Diagnostic horizons and features recognized in this pedon are:
Mollic epipedon - The zone from the soil surface to 14 inches (A and Bw horizons)
Particle-size control section - The zone from the soil surface to 14 inches (A and Bw horizons)
Xeric soil moisture regime.
Classification revised 2/02 from shallow Vitrandic Haploxerolls to Lithic Haploxerolls based on type location recognizing a lithic contact.