LOCATION COYOTEBLUFF             OR

Established Series
Rev. JLW/RJO/TLC/DAL
10/2012

COYOTEBLUFF SERIES

The Coyotebluff series consists of deep, well-drained soils on mountain sideslopes. Coyotebluff soils formed in mixed volcanic ash and loess over granitic colluvium. Slopes are 30 to 90 percent. Mean annual precipitation is about 35 inches and mean annual temperature about 41 degrees F.

TAXONOMIC CLASS: Ashy-skeletal over loamy-skeletal, glassy over isotic, frigid Humic Vitrixerands

TYPICAL PEDON: Coyotebluff very stony ashy sandy loam - forested, on a 63 percent northfacing slope at an elevation of 4,100 feet. (Colors are for moist soil unless otherwise noted. Soil textures are apparent field textures.)

Oi--0 to 1 inches; slightly decomposed needles and twigs

A--1 to 12 inches; dark brown (7.5YR 3/3) very stony ashy sandy loam, brown (7.5YR 5/3) dry; weak fine subangular blocky structure; soft, very friable, nonsticky and nonplastic; many very fine and few fine, medium and coarse roots throughout; common very fine irregular pores; 5 percent gravel, 15 percent cobbles, 25 percent stones, and 10 percent boulders; neutral (pH 6.9); gradual smooth boundary. (7 to 14 inches thick)

AB--12 to 20 inches; dark brown (7.5YR 3/3) extremely stony ashy sandy loam, brown (7.5YR 5/3) dry; weak fine and very fine subangular blocky structure; soft, very friable, nonsticky and nonplastic; common very fine, fine, medium and coarse roots throughout; common very fine irregular pores; 15 percent gravel, 15 percent cobbles, 30 percent stones, and 10 percent boulders; neutral (pH 6.9); gradual smooth boundary. (6 to 11 inches thick)

2Bwb--20 to 33 inches; dark yellowish brown (10YR 4/4) extremely stony sandy loam, brown (10YR 5/3) dry; weak very fine subangular blocky structure; soft, very friable, nonsticky and nonplastic; common very fine, fine, medium and coarse roots throughout; common very fine irregular pores; 15 percent gravel, 15 percent cobbles, 30 percent stones, and 10 percent boulders; neutral (pH 6.9); gradual, smooth boundary. (19 to 27 inches thick)

2BC--33 to 44 inches; brown (10YR 4/3) extremely stony loamy sand, pale brown (10YR 6/3) dry; single grain; loose, nonsticky and nonplastic; few fine, medium and coarse roots; many very fine irregular pores; 10 percent gravel, 10 percent cobbles, 40 percent stones, and 10 percent boulders; neutral (pH 6.9). (11 to 20 inches thick)

2R--44 inches, hard granite

TYPE LOCATION: Grant County, Oregon
Section 3 (NW , SW , NW ), T. 8 S., R. 34 E.
Latitude: 44 degrees, 54 minutes, 21.4 seconds N.
Longitude: 118 degrees, 36 minutes, 47.2 seconds W.
UTM coordinates: zone: 11; north 4,973,550 meters; east 372,650 meters; NAD27
USGS Quadrangle: Silver Butte

RANGE IN CHARACTERISTICS:
Soil Temperature: frigid regime
Mean Annual Soil Temperature: 39 to 45 degrees F
Mean Summer Soil Temperature: 47 to 52 degrees F
Mean Winter Soil Temperature: 32 to 37 degrees F
Soil Moisture: xeric regime, dry 45 to 60 consecutive days in summer

Particle-size Control Section: from mineral surface to 40 inches below mineral soil surface
Upper part (ashy-skeletal): 14 to 20 inches thick
clay content, average: 4 to 8 percent
rock fragment content, average: 35 to 60 percent
Lower part (loamy-skeletal): 19 to 26 inches thick
clay content, average: 3 to 7 percent
rock fragment content, average: 50 to 80 percent

Diagnostic Horizons and Features:
andic soil properties: upper boundary at the mineral surface; 14 to 20 inches thick
Al+1/2Fe (ammonium oxalate): 0.6 to 1.2 percent
P retention: 40 to 60 percent
0.02-2.0 mm fraction: 30 to 40 percent of fine earth
glass content in the 0.02-2.0mm fraction: 35 to 50 percent
mollic epipedon: 14 to 20 inches thick
cambic horizon, buried: 9 to 27 inches thick
lithic contact, depth from mineral soil surface: 40 to 60 inches

A horizon:
color, moist: 5YR 3/2; 7.5YR 2.5/3, 3/2, 3/3; 10YR 2/2
color, dry: 5YR 5/3; 7.5YR 5/3; 10YR 4/2
texture: STV-ASHY-SL, BYV-ASHY-SL, CBV-ASHY-SIL
clay content: 4 to 8 percent
rock fragment content: 35 to 55 percent
gravel: 5 to 15 percent
cobbles: 10 to 25 percent
stones: 10 to 25 percent
boulders: 0 to 15 percent
reaction: slightly acid to neutral; pH: 6.1 to 7.3

AB horizon:
color, moist: 5YR 3/2; 7.5YR 3/3; 10YR 3/3
color, dry: 5YR 5/4; 7.5YR 5/3; 10YR 5/4
texture: STX-ASHY-SL, BYX-ASHY-LS, CBV-ASHY-L
clay content: 3 to 8 percent
rock fragment content: 35 to 70 percent
gravel: 10 to 25 percent
cobbles: 5 to 15 percent
stones: 10 to 50 percent
boulders: 0 to 20 percent
reaction: slightly acid to neutral; pH: 6.1 to 7.3
base saturation (sum of bases) 55 to 75 percent

2Bwb horizon:
color, moist: 5YR 4/3; 7.5YR 3/4, 5/4; 10YR 3/4, 4/4
color, dry: 7.5YR 4/3, 6/5, 7/4; 10YR 5/3, 5/4, 5/6
texture: BYX-SL, STX-SL, CBV-SL
clay content: 3 to 8 percent
rock fragment content: 50 to 80 percent
gravel: 10 to 40 percent
cobbles: 5 to 40 percent
stones: 5 to 40 percent
boulders: 0 to 20 percent
reaction: slightly acid to neutral; pH: 6.1 to 7.3

2BC horizon:
color, moist: 7.5YR 5/5; 10YR 3/4, 4/3
color, dry: 7.5YR 7/5; 10YR 5/4, 6/3
texture: STX-LS, CBV-LS
clay content: 2 to 5 percent
rock fragment content: 45 to 80 percent
gravel: 10 to 40 percent
cobbles: 5 to 15 percent
stones: 5 to 40 percent
boulders: 0 to 10 percent
reaction: slightly acid to neutral; pH: 6.1 to 7.3

COMPETING SERIES:
Inspiration: very deep (greater than 60 inches) in glacial drift; umbric epipedon; dry 60 to 90 consecutive days in summer
Scarpal: very deep (greater than 60 inches) in colluvium (basalt, rhyolite and tuff); clay content in lower part of particle-size control section is 18 to 35 percent
Timberbutte: very deep (greater than 60 inches) in colluvium (welded tuff); mollic epipedon 20 to 30 inches thick; clay content in lower part of particle-size control section is 7 to 12 percent

GEOGRAPHIC SETTING:
Landform: planer to concave backslopes
Slope gradient: 30 to 90 percent
Parent material: volcanic ash mixed with loess overlying colluvium
Lithology: granite
Elevation: 4,000 to 6,800 feet
Climate: cold, wet winters and cool, dry summers
Mean annual precipitation: 26 to 41 inches
Mean annual air temperature: 35 to 43 degrees F
Frost-free period: 25 to 80 days

GEOGRAPHICALLY ASSOCIATED SOILS:
Golfer: on steep, convex backslopes; moderately deep, mollic epipedon, loamy-skeletal and minor amount of volcanic ash; under Douglas-fir and ponderosa pine with pinegrass, mallow ninebark and elk sedge
Gorhamgulch: on concave mid to lower backslopes; very deep; thick volcanic ash mantle, cambic horizon and ashy over loamy particle-size control section; under grand fir, western larch, Douglas-fir, big huckleberry, longtube twinflower, prince's pine, sidebells pyrola, and pinegrass
Piutespring: on steep backslopes; moderately deep to lithic contact; thin volcanic ash mantle; under grand fir, Douglas-fir, ponderosa pine, birchleaf spiraea, pinegrass and elk sedge
Powderriver: on convex upper backslopes and shoulders; shallow, skeletal soil under open canopy of Douglas-fir or grand fir with pinegrass, Rocky Mountain maple and elk sedge
Raggedrock: on planer lower to middle backslopes; deep to paralithic, soft granitic rock; thick ash mantle over very gravelly buried soil; under grand fir, Douglas-fir, big huckleberry, grouse huckleberry and mountain brome
Roundmeadow: on convex backslopes; moderately deep, thin ash mantle over coarse-loamy colluvium; under grand fir, western larch, lodgepole pine, big huckleberry and pinegrass

DRAINAGE AND PERMEABILITY:
Drainage: well drained
Permeability: moderately rapid

USE AND VEGETATION:
Use: timber production, watershed, wildlife habitat, recreation, livestock grazing
Native vegetation: grand fir, western larch, Douglas-fir, Rocky Mountain maple, common snowberry, baldhip rose, mallow ninebark, birchleaf spiraea, big huckleberry, common prince's pine, woods strawberry, mountain sweet-cicely, pinegrass, and mountain brome
Plant association: ABGR/ACGL (grand fir/rocky mountain maple); may include: ABGR/SPBE (grand fir/birchleaf spiraea) or ABGR/VAME (grand fir/big huckleberry)

DISTRIBUTION AND EXTENT:
Distribution: MLRA: 10; Central Rocky and Blue Mountain Foothills
Extent: small

MLRA SOIL SURVEY REGIONAL OFFICE (MO) RESPONSIBLE: Portland, Oregon

SERIES ESTABLISHED: Wallowa-Whitman National Forests, Oregon, 2012

REMARKS: Diagnostic horizons and features recognized in this pedon are:
andic soil properties: 1 to 20 inches; A, AB horizons
mollic epipedon: 1 to 20 inches; A, AB horizons
cambic horizon: 20 to 33 inches; 2Bwb horizon
particle-size control section:
ashy-skeletal part: 1 to 20 inches; A, AB horizons
loamy-skeletal part: 20 to 33 inches; 2Bwb horizon
sandy-skeletal part: 33 to 41 inches; 2BC horizon

Some pedons have paralithic material (grus), less than 6 inches thick, above the lithic contact.

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National Cooperative Soil Survey
U.S.A.