LOCATION GOLFER OR

Established Series
IRD. JLW/DAL/KMS
01/2019

GOLFER SERIES

Landscape--mountains
Landform--mountain slopes
Slope--0 to 90 percent
Parent material--colluvium and residuum derived from granite with an influence of volcanic ash in the upper part
Mean annual precipitation--about 730 mm
Mean annual air temperature--about 6 degrees C
Depth class--moderately deep to paralithic contact
Drainage class--well drained
Soil moisture regime--xeric
Soil temperature regime--frigid
Soil moisture subclass--typic

TAXONOMIC CLASS: Loamy-skeletal, isotic, frigid Vitrandic Haploxerolls

TYPICAL PEDON: Golfer ashy sandy loam, forested, on a 60-percent, south-facing slope at an elevation of 1207 m (Soil textures are apparent field textures.)

Oi--0 to 3 cm; mosses, slightly decomposed pine and fir needles, and grass litter

A--3 to 13 cm; ashy sandy loam, dark grayish brown (10YR 4/2) dry, very dark brown (10YR 2/2) moist; weak very fine subangular blocky structure; soft, very friable, nonsticky and nonplastic; many very fine and few fine roots throughout; many fine irregular pores; 5 percent gravel; slightly acid (pH 6.5); clear smooth boundary

AB--13 to 30 cm; ashy sandy loam, brown (10YR 5/3) dry, very dark grayish brown (10YR 3/2) moist; weak and moderate subangular blocky structure; slightly hard, friable, nonsticky and nonplastic; common fine and many medium roots throughout; few medium and fine interstitial pores; 5 percent gravel; slightly acid (pH 6.1); clear smooth boundary

2Bw--30 to 51 cm; gravelly sandy loam, pale brown (10YR 6/3) dry, dark brown (10YR 3/3) moist; weak fine and medium subangular blocky structure; slightly hard, very friable, nonsticky and nonplastic; common fine, few medium, and many coarse roots throughout; few fine irregular pores; 20 percent gravel and 5 percent cobbles; neutral (pH 7.3); gradual, smooth boundary

2BC--51 to 76 cm; very gravelly sandy loam, light grayish olive (10Y 6/2) dry, dark grayish olive (10Y 4/2) moist; weak fine and medium subangular blocky structure; slightly hard, very friable, nonsticky and nonplastic; few very fine and medium roots throughout; 50 percent gravel and 5 percent cobbles; neutral (pH 7.3)

2Cr--76 to 104 cm, weathered granite (grus)

2R--104 cm; granite

TYPE LOCATION: Grant County, Oregon, in the SW1/4SE1/4SE1/4 of section 3, T. 7 S., R. 33 E.; Kelsay Butte U.S. Geological Survey quadrangle; latitude 44.9850453, longitude -118.7185843, datum WGS 84 (source of coordinates unknown but most likely estimated from point on a hard copy map)

RANGE IN CHARACTERISTICS:
Mean annual soil temperature--about 6 to 8 degrees C
Mean summer soil temperature--about 9 to 12 degrees C
Mean winter soil temperature--about -1 to 2 degrees C
Soil moisture control section--dry 60 to 75 consecutive days in summer
Depth to lithic contact--58 to 112 cm
Depth to paralithic contact--50 to 107 cm
Thickness of mollic epipedon--20 to 45 cm
Ultic subgroup feature--base saturation of 40 to 65 percent in Bw horizon
Thickness of ash-influenced layers--30 to 50 cm

Estimated properties of layers influenced by volcanic ash
*Ammonium oxalate extractable Al + 1/2 Fe--0.2 to 1.0 percent
*Glass content in 0.02- to 2.0-mm fraction--5 to 15 percent

Particle-size control section
*Clay content--4 to 14 percent
*Total rock fragment content--35 to 55 percent

A horizon
Moist color--7.5YR 2/2, 10YR 2/2
Dry color--7.5YR 4/2, 10YR 4/2
Fine-earth texture--ashy loam, ashy sandy loam
Clay content--4 to 12 percent
Sand content--50 to 70 percent
Organic matter content--2.5 to 8.0 percent
Total rock fragment content--5 to 35 percent
Gravel content--5 to 30 percent
Cobble content--0 to 10 percent
Stone content--0 to 5 percent
Reaction--6.1 to 7.3
Thickness--5 to 25 cm

AB horizon
Moist color--10YR 3/2, 10YR 3/3
Dry color--10YR 4/2, 10YR 5/3
Fine-earth texture--ashy loam, ashy sandy loam
Clay content--4 to 12 percent
Sand content--50 to 80 percent
Organic matter content--1.5 to 3.0 percent
Total rock fragment content--5 to 35 percent
Gravel content--5 to 30 percent
Cobble content--0 to 10 percent
Stone content--0 to 5 percent
Reaction--5.6 to 7.3
Thickness--15 to 35 cm

2Bw horizon
Moist color--7.5YR 3/4, 7.5YR 4/4, 7.5YR 5/4, 10YR 3/2, 10YR 3/3, 10YR 4/2, 10YR 4/3, 10YR 4/4
Dry color--7.5RY 5/4, 7.5YR 5/6, 7.5YR 6/6, 10YR 6/2, 10YR 6/3
Fine-earth texture--loam, sandy loam
Clay content--4 to 12 percent
Sand content--50 to 85 percent
Organic matter content--0 to 2 percent
Total rock fragment content--25 to 45 percent
Gravel content--20 to 40 percent
Cobble content--5 to 10 percent
Stone content--0 to 5 percent
Reaction--6.1 to 7.3
Base saturation (sum of bases)--40 to 65 percent
Thickness--13 to 50 cm

2BC horizon
Moist color--7.5YR 4/4, 7.5YR 5/4, 10YR 4/2
Dry color--7.5YR 5/6, 10YR 6/2
Fine-earth texture--loam, sandy loam, sandy loam
Clay content--2 to 10 percent
Sand content--50 to 80 percent
Organic matter content--0 to 2 percent
Total rock fragment content--55 to 85 percent
Gravel content--45 to 65 percent
Cobble content--5 to 25 percent
Stone content--0 to 10 percent
Reaction--6.1 to 7.3
Thickness--10 to 25 cm

COMPETING SERIES:
Bearspring--very deep (more than 150 cm); granitic colluvium
Bigelk--very deep (more than 150 cm); mixed till; mixed ash mantle 20 to 35 cm thick (35 to 50 percent glass content); discontinuity between ash mantle and buried cambic horizon; dry 45 to 60 consecutive days in summer
Cassal--deep (100 to 150 cm) to densic contact (till); layer of volcanic ash influence 30 to 45 cm thick (glass content 5 to 20 percent); discontinuity between ashy layer and till substratum; distinct redoximorphic features at a depth of 75 to 115 cm
Cherrycreek--deep (100 to 150 cm) to lithic contact (basalt); no organic layer above the mineral soil surface (nonforested); mixed mantle of volcanic ash and loess 90 to 125 cm thick (glass content 15 to 30 percent); mollic epipedon 50 to 90 cm thick
Deck--moderately deep (50 to 100 cm) to lithic contact (metavolcanic rock); mixed volcanic ash mantle (glass content 30 to 55 percent); discontinuity between ash mantle and buried cambic horizon; particle-size control section averages 20 to 34 percent clay
Eastpine--moderately deep (50 to 100 cm) to lithic contact (metasedimentary rock); dry 45 to 60 consecutive days in summer
Egyptcreek--moderately deep (50 to 100 cm) to lithic contact (welded tuff); dry 75 to 90 consecutive days in summer
Fredonyer--moderately deep (50 to 100 cm) to lithic contact (andesite or basalt); no organic layer above the mineral soil surface (nonforested); mollic epipedon 50 to 100 cm thick; dry more than 90 consecutive days in summer
Grubcreek--moderately deep (50 to 100 cm) to lithic contact (andesite, andesitic basalt, or basalt); particle-size control section averages 18 to 33 percent clay
Kettlecreek--deep (100 to 150 cm) to lithic contact (argillite)
Longs--deep (100 to 150 cm) to lithic contact (basalt); mollic epipedon 50 to 115 cm thick; faint clay films on ped faces in subsoil; particle-size control section averages 18 to 27 percent clay; dry 45 to 75 consecutive days in summer
McCrosket--100 to 150 cm (deep) to paralithic contact (metasedimentary rock)
Midpeak--moderately deep (50 to 100 cm) to lithic contact (breccia); mixed volcanic ash mantle (glass content 5 to 20 percent); discontinuity between ash mantle and buried cambic horizon
Mineral--moderately deep (50 to 100 cm) to lithic contact (granitic rock)
Peahke--moderately deep (50 to 100 cm) to lithic contact (sedimentary rock); volcanic ash mantle 20 to 35 cm thick (glass content 20 to 30 percent); particle-size control section averages 18 to 30 percent clay and has 60 to 70 percent channers; dry 45 to 60 consecutive days in summer
Piersonte--very deep (more than 150 cm); formed in colluvium derived from shale; mollic epipedon 50 to 90 cm thick; particle-size control section averages 18 to 30 percent clay and has dominantly shale channers; dry 60 to 90 consecutive days in summer
Porch--moderately deep (50 to 100 cm) to lithic contact (argillite)
Scoap--very deep (more than 150 cm); formed in till or outwash of mixed lithology; mollic epipedon 50 to 75 cm thick
Shalrock--moderately deep (50 to 100 cm) to lithic contact (sandstone); mixed volcanic ash mantle (glass content 5 to 15 percent); discontinuity between ash mantle and substratum; particle-size control section averages 5 to 12 percent clay and has 25 to 50 percent medium and coarse sand
Shilling--very deep (more than 150 cm); formed in colluvium derived from basalt; particle-size control section averages 18 to 27 percent clay; dry 45 to 75 consecutive days in summer
Umatilla--very deep (more than 150 cm); formed in colluvium derived from basalt; mollic epipedon 50 to 75 cm thick (mollic colors throughout); discontinuity between ashy layer and subsoil; particle-size control section averages 25 to 35 percent clay
Webbgulch--moderately deep (50 to 100 cm) to lithic contact (andesitic basalt, basalt)
Yellcreek--very deep (more than 150 cm); formed in mixed colluvium; minor volcanic ash influence (glass content 5 to 20 percent); discontinuity between layer of volcanic ash influence and substratum

GEOGRAPHIC SETTING:
Elevation--1070 to 2150 m
Climate--cold, wet winters; warm, dry summers
Mean annual precipitation--550 to 1150 mm
Mean annual air temperature--2 to 6 degrees C
Frost-free period--15 to 50 days

GEOGRAPHICALLY ASSOCIATED SOILS:
Coyotebluff--on steep backslopes; 100 to 150 cm (deep) to a lithic contact (granite); mollic epipedon; ashy-skeletal material with an ash mantle over buried loamy-skeletal material; under grand fir, western larch, Rocky Mountain maple, mallow ninebark, pinegrass, and mountain brome
Forshey--on planer to concave backslopes; more than 150 cm thick; mixed ash mantle; argillic horizon; under Douglas-fir, ponderosa pine, common snowberry, birchleaf spirea, and elk sedge
Piutespring--on steep backslopes; 50 to 100 cm (moderately deep) to lithic contact (granitic rock); thin volcanic ash mantle; under grand fir, Douglas-fir, ponderosa pine, birchleaf spirea, pinegrass, and elk sedge
Powderriver--on convex upper backslopes and shoulders; 30 to 50 cm (shallow) to a lithic contact (granite); skeletal; under an open canopy of Douglas-fir or grand fir and an understory of pinegrass, Rocky Mountain maple, and elk sedge
Sixdollar--on north-facing slopes; 100 to 150 cm (deep) to a lithic contact (granitic rock); mollic epipedon; thick volcanic ash mantle; under Douglas-fir, ponderosa pine, and grand fir forest and an understory of birchleaf spirea, common snowberry, and pinegrass
Spartabutte--on backslopes; 50 to 100 cm (moderately deep) to a lithic contact (granitic rock); mollic epipedon; argillic horizon; minor influence of volcanic ash; under Douglas-fir, ponderosa pine, grand fir, common snowberry, birchleaf spirea, mountain snowberry, elk sedge, and pinegrass

DRAINAGE AND SATURATED HYDRAULIC CONDUCTIVITY:
Saturation during normal years--none
Flooding--none
Ponding--none
Saturated hydraulic conductivity (Ksat)--high

USE AND VEGETATION:
Use--timber production, watershed, wildlife habitat, recreation, livestock grazing
Native vegetation--ponderosa pine, Douglas-fir, grand fir, western juniper, elk sedge, pinegrass, common snowberry, Idaho fescue, bluebunch wheatgrass, heartleaf arnica, common yarrow, Virginia strawberry, tailcup lupine, Kentucky bluegrass, Wheeler bluegrass, woodland strawberry, longstalk clover
Plant association--dominantly PSME/CARU (Douglas-fir/pinegrass); may include PSME/PHMA (Douglas-fir/mallow ninebark), PIPO/CARU (ponderosa pine/pinegrass), or PIPO/CAGE (ponderosa pine/elk sedge)

DISTRIBUTION AND EXTENT: Blue Mountains in northeastern Oregon; MLRA 43C; small extent

SOIL SURVEY REGIONAL OFFICE (SSRO) RESPONSIBLE: Portland, Oregon

SERIES ESTABLISHED: Umatilla National Forest, Oregon; 2018

REMARKS:
Diagnostic horizons and other features recognized in this pedon
*Mollic epipedon--zone from 3 to 30 cm
*Cambic horizon--zone from 30 to 50 cm
*Volcanic ash--zone from 3 to 30 cm
*Particle-size control section--zone from 28 to 75 cm

National Cooperative Soil Survey
U.S.A.