LOCATION CULDECOLE IDEstablished Series
TAXONOMIC CLASS: Fine-loamy, mixed, superactive Vitrandic Haplocryalfs
TYPICAL PEDON: Culdecole ashy loam - forested - on a 30 percent slope at 4,900 feet elevation. Aspect is north. (Colors are for dry soil unless otherwise noted. When described on July 29, 1987, the soil was dry throughout.)
Oi--0 to 1 inch; needles, cones, twigs and leaves. (0 to 2 inches thick)
Oe--1 to 2 inches; moderately well decomposed Oi horizon. (0 to 2 inches thick)
A--2 to 4 inches; yellowish brown (10YR 5/4) ashy loam, dark brown (7.5YR 3/4) moist; weak coarse platy structure parting to weak very fine granular; soft, very friable; many very fine and fine roots; many very fine irregular pores; slightly acid (pH 6.2); abrupt smooth boundary. (2 to 4 inches thick)
Bs1--4 to 10 inches; brown (7.5YR 5/4) ashy loam, dark brown (7.5YR 3/4) moist; weak very fine granular structure; soft, very friable; many very fine roots; many very fine interstitial pores; slightly acid (pH 6.2); abrupt smooth boundary. (4 to 8 inches thick)
Bs2--10 to 16 inches; brown (7.5YR 5/4) ashy silt loam, dark brown (7.5YR 3/4) moist; moderate medium granular structure; slightly hard, friable, slightly sticky and slightly plastic; many fine and few coarse roots; many very fine irregular pores; slightly acid (pH 6.2); clear smooth boundary. (4 to 8 inches thick)
2Btb1--16 to 24 inches; brown (7.5YR 5/4) clay loam, dark brown (7.5YR 3/4) moist; moderate, medium and coarse subangular blocky structure; hard, firm, moderately sticky and moderately plastic; common fine and few coarse roots; few very fine tubular pores; few faint clay films in pores; 5 percent gravel, slightly acid (pH 6.2); gradual smooth boundary. (5 to 10 inches thick)
2Btb2--24 to 36 inches; brown (7.5YR 5/4) clay loam, dark brown (7.5YR 3/4) moist; strong medium and coarse subangular blocky structure; hard, firm, moderately sticky and moderately plastic; few very fine roots; few very fine tubular pores; common distinct clay films on faces of peds and in pores; slightly acid (pH 6.2); gradual smooth boundary. (12 to 16 inches thick)
2BCtb--36 to 52 inches; brown (7.5YR 5/4) cobbly clay loam, dark brown (7.5YR 3/4) moist; moderate, medium and coarse subangular blocky structure; hard firm, moderately sticky and moderately plastic; few very fine tubular pores; many prominent clay films on faces of peds and in pores; 15 percent cobbles; slightly acid (pH 6.2); gradual wavy boundary. (10 to 16 inches thick)
R--52 inches; basalt.
TYPE LOCATION: Adams County, Idaho; about 2 miles southwest of Tamarack, about 1,100 feet north and 8950 feet west of the southeast corner of section 35, T. 19 N., R. 1 W.
RANGE IN CHARACTERISTICS:
Average annual soil temperature - 40 to 44 degrees F.
Average summer soil temperature - 52 to 56 degrees F. without an O horizon and 44 to 47 degrees F. with an O horizon
Depth to bedrock - 40 to 60 inches
Volcanic ash mantle - 11 to 14 inches thick (Bulk density - 0.90 to 1.00 gm/cm3)
A horizon
Hue - 7.5YR or 10YR
Value - 4 or 5 dry, 3 or 4 moist
Chroma - 3 or 4 dry, 2 through 4 moist
Bs horizons
Hue - 7.5YR or 10YR
Value - 4 or 5 dry, 3 or 4 moist
Chroma - 3 or 4 dry, 2 through 4 moist
Texture - ashy loam or ashy silt loam
2Btb and 2BCtb horizons
Hue - 7.5YR or 10YR
Value - 5 or 6 dry, 3 or 4 moist
Chroma - 3 through 6 dry and moist
Texture - clay loam, silty clay loam, cobbly clay loam
Clay content - 27 to 35 percent
Coarse fragments - 0 to 20 percent
COMPETING SERIES: These are Hopburn and Vitroff soils. Hopburn, and Vitroff soils are more than 60 inches deep. In addition Vitroff soils have lamella in the upper pert of the B horizon.
GEOGRAPHIC SETTING: Culdecole soils are on gently sloping to very steep mountains and foothills at elevations of 4,000 to 5,200 feet. Slopes are 4 to 45 percent. The soils formed in residuum from basalt with a mantle of volcanic ash. The average annual precipitation is 30 to 34 inches and the average annual air temperature is 38 to 42 degrees F. The frost-free season is about 60 to 80 days.
GEOGRAPHICALLY ASSOCIATED SOILS: These are Blackwell, Brody, Cabarton, Klickson, Riggins, Tica and Wapshilla series. Blackwell and Cabarton soils are poorly drained. Brody and Wapshilla soils are skeletal. Klickson soils are frigid and skeletal. Riggins and Tica soils are shallow and skeletal.
DRAINAGE AND PERMEABILITY: Well drained; medium to very rapid runoff; moderately slow permeability.
USE AND VEGETATION: Used for timber production, recreation, wildlife habitat, and watershed. Vegetation is mainly grand fir, Douglas fir, western larch and Ponderosa pine with an understory of big blueberry, northern twinflower, elk sedge, heartleaf arnica, common snowberry and baldhip rose.
DISTRIBUTION AND EXTENT: West central Idaho. The soil is of small extent.
MLRA SOIL SURVEY REGIONAL OFFICE (MO) RESPONSIBLE: Bozeman, Montana
SERIES ESTABLISHED: Adams County, Idaho, 1992.
REMARKS: Diagnostic horizons and features recognized in this pedon are:
Ochric epipedon - surface to 14 inches (A, Bsl and Bs2 horizons)
Argillic horizon - the zone from 14 to 50 inches (2Btb1, 2Btb2, and 2BCtb horizons)
Andic feature - surface to 14 inches of volcanic ash
Moisture regime - Udic