LOCATION CORDELL                 OK

Established Series
Rev. HHM-RDG-TGM
10/2018

CORDELL SERIES

The Cordell series consists of shallow, somewhat excessively drained, moderately over very slowly permeable soils that formed in residuum weathered from hard, calcareous siltstone of the Doxey Formation of Permian age. These very gently sloping to steep soils occur on interfluves and side slopes of hillslopes. Slope ranges from 1 to 30 percent. Mean annual precipitation is about 737 mm (29 in) and the mean annual temperature is about 15 degrees C (59 degrees F).

TAXONOMIC CLASS: Loamy, mixed, active, thermic Lithic Haplustepts

TYPICAL PEDON: Cordell silt loam, on a southeast-facing, 3 percent slope in rangeland at an elevation of 569 m (1,867 ft).
(Colors are for dry soil unless otherwise stated.)

A--0 to 11 cm (0 to 4 in); reddish brown (2.5YR 4/4) silt loam; dark reddish brown (2.5YR 3/4) moist; moderate fine granular structure; friable, slightly hard, slightly sticky, slightly plastic; common very fine roots throughout and common fine roots throughout; 8 percent nonflat subrounded 2 to 15 millimeters siltstone fragments; very slightly effervescent by HCl, 1 normal; moderately alkaline (pH 7.9); clear smooth boundary. Thickness is 8 to 25 cm (3 to 10 in)

Bw1--11 to 28 cm (4 to 11 in); reddish brown (2.5YR 4/4) silt loam; dark reddish brown (2.5YR 3/4) moist; weak medium prismatic structure; firm, moderately hard, slightly sticky, slightly plastic; common very fine roots throughout and common fine roots throughout; 10 percent nonflat subrounded 2 to 15 millimeters siltstone fragments; slightly effervescent by HCl, 1 normal; moderately alkaline (pH 8.1); clear smooth boundary. Thickness is 10 to 30 cm (4 to 12 in)

Bw2--28 to 40 cm (11 to 16 in); reddish brown (2.5YR 4/4) silt loam; dark reddish brown (2.5YR 3/4) moist; weak fine prismatic structure; friable, slightly hard, slightly sticky, slightly plastic; common very fine roots throughout and common fine roots throughout; 14 percent nonflat subrounded 2 to 15 millimeters siltstone fragments; strongly effervescent by HCl, 1 normal; moderately alkaline (pH 8.3); abrupt smooth boundary. Thickness is 0 to 15 cm (0 to 6 in)

R--40 to 50 cm (16 to 20 in); red (2.5YR 4/6) very strongly cemented siltstone; dark red (2.5YR 3/6) moist; strongly effervescent by HCl, 1 normal; moderately alkaline (pH 8.2).

TYPE LOCATION:
Washita County, Oklahoma; located about 11 miles west and 2.5 miles south of Burns Flat;
About 1,325 ft south and 2,170 ft east of the northwest corner of sec. 30, T. 10 N., R. 20 W.

USGS topographic quadrangle: Elk City SE, Oklahoma
Latitude: 35 degrees, 18 minutes, 42.01 seconds N
Longitude: 99 degrees, 21 minutes, 26.11 seconds W
Datum: WGS84

Decimal Degrees
Std Latitude: 35.3116684
Std Longitude: -99.3572540

UTM Northing: 3907665.5 m
UTM Easting: 467524.1 m
UTM Zone 14

RANGE IN CHARACTERISTICS:
Soil Moisture: A typic ustic moisture regime.
Thickness of ochric epipedon: 8 to 25 cm (3 to 10 in)
Depth to lithic contact: 20 to 51 cm (8 to 20 in)
Surface Fragments: 0 to 5 percent siltstone gravel

Particle-size control section (weighted average):
Total clay content: 15 to 30 percent
Rock fragments: 0 to 35 percent

A horizon:
Hue: 2.5YR, 5YR
Value: 3 to 4 dry, 3 to 4 moist
Chroma: 4 to 6
Epipedons with moist value and chroma less than 3.5 are less than 18 cm (7 in) thick or have less than 0.6 percent organic carbon.
Texture: silt loam, silty clay loam
Total clay content: 15 to 32 percent
Carbonate clay content: 0 to 2 percent
Total silt content: 50 to 80 percent
Total sand content: 5 to 30 percent
Rock fragments: 0 to 15 percent total; strongly cemented to indurated; siltstone gravel
Calcium carbonate equivalent (CCE): 1 to 10 percent
Effervescence: none to strong
Reaction (pH): slightly alkaline to moderately alkaline (7.4-8.4)

Bw or Bk horizons:
Hue: 2.5YR, 5YR
Value: 3 to 4 dry, 3 to 4 moist
Chroma: 4 to 6
Texture: silt loam, silty clay loam, and their gravelly counterparts
Total clay content: 15 to 32 percent
Carbonate clay content: 0 to 2 percent
Total silt content: 50 to 80 percent
Total sand content: 5 to 30 percent
Rock fragments: 0 to 35 percent total; strongly cemented to indurated; siltstone gravel
Calcium carbonate equivalent (CCE): 1 to 15 percent
Effervescence: none to strong
Reaction (pH): slightly alkaline to moderately alkaline (7.4-8.4)

BC or CB horizon (where present):
Color and sand/silt/clay content is similar to Bw or Bk horizons
Texture: very gravelly or extremely gravelly counterparts of silt loam, silty clay loam
Rock fragments: 35 to 80 percent total; strongly cemented to indurated; siltstone gravel
Calcium carbonate equivalent (CCE): 1 to 20 percent
Effervescence: very slight to strong
Reaction (pH): slightly alkaline to moderately alkaline (7.4-8.4)

Cr horizon (where present):
Hue: 10R, 2.5YR, 5YR
Value: 3 to 5 dry, 3 to 4 moist
Chroma: 4 to 6
Texture: siltstone that crushes to silt loam or silty clay loam
Cementation: very weakly to moderate
Calcium carbonate equivalent (CCE): 1 to 25 percent
Effervescence: very slight to strong
Reaction (pH): slightly alkaline to moderately alkaline (7.4-8.4)

R layer:
Hue: 10R, 2.5YR, 5YR
Value: 3 to 5 dry, 3 to 4 moist
Chroma: 4 to 6
Texture: hard siltstone
Cementation: strong to indurated
Calcium carbonate equivalent (CCE): 1 to 25 percent
Effervescence: very slight to strong
Reaction (pH): slightly alkaline to moderately alkaline (7.4-8.4)

COMPETING SERIES:
There are no soil series in the same family. Similar soils are the Ironmound, Pixlee, Quinlan, and Spikebox series.
Ironmound soils: formed over paralithic bedrock in a more moist climate
Pixlee soils: formed over paralithic bedrock mainly in the Elk City formation
Quinlan soils: formed over densic bedrock
Spikebox soils: formed over paralithic bedrock mainly in the San Angelo or equivalent formations

GEOGRAPHIC SETTING:
Parent material: loamy residuum weathered from hard, calcareous siltstone of the Doxey Formation of Permian age
Landscape: Plains, Dissected plains
Landform: summits, shoulders, and backslopes of interfluves and side slopes on hillslopes
Slope: 1 to 30 percent.
Precipitation Pattern: The soil is intermittently moist in some part from April thru June, September, and October. The driest months are typically December thru February, July, and August.
Mean annual precipitation: 635 to 787 mm (25 to 31 in)
Thornthwaite P-E Index: 33 to 44
Mean annual air temperature: 14.0 to 16.1 degrees C (57 to 61 degrees F)
Frost-free period: 185 to 220 days
Elevation: 472.5 to 670.6 m (1,550 to 2,200 ft)

GEOGRAPHICALLY ASSOCIATED SOILS:
These are the Carey, Dill, Obaro, Pixlee, Quinlan, St. Paul, and Woodward series.
Carey soils: occur on slightly lower broad flats associated with the Cloud Chief, Rush Springs, and Marlow formations, have an argillic horizon, and are more than 102 cm (40 in) deep to bedrock
Dill and Pixlee soils: occur on slightly higher positions associated with the Elk City Sandstone formation and do not have a lithic contact
Obaro soils: occur on slightly lower position and are 51 to 102 cm (20 to 40 in) deep to bedrock
Quinlan soils: occur on slightly lower positions associated with the Cloud Chief, Rush Springs, and Marlow ( Whitehorse) formations and formed over densic bedrock
St. Paul soils: occur on slightly lower positions, have an argillic horizon, and are more than 102 cm (40 in) deep to bedrock
Woodward soils: occur on slightly lower positions associated with the Cloud Chief, Rush Springs, and Marlow formations and are 51 to 102 cm (20 to 40 in) deep to densic bedrock

DRAINAGE AND PERMABILITY: Somewhat excessively drained. Moderately slow permeability. Surface runoff is very high for all slopes.
Drainage class: Somewhat excessively drained
Permeability class: Moderate in the soil material and very slow in the bedrock
Runoff: very high for all slopes

USE AND VEGETATION:
Major uses: livestock grazing and wildlife habitat
Native vegetation: sideoats grama, blue grama, hairy grama, buffalograss, black samson echinacea, redroot buckwheat, prairie acacia, and little bluestem
Ecological sites assigned to phases and components of this series are listed below. Current ecological site assignments are in Web Soil Survey. Components of this series include the following ecological sites: Red Shale

DISTRIBUTION AND EXTENT:
General area: Distribution is restricted to the Doxey Formation in western Oklahoma and possibly adjoining areas of Texas
Land Resource Region: H - Central Great Plains Winter Wheat and Range Region
MLRA 78C - Central Rolling Red Plains, Eastern Part
Extent: moderate

MLRA SOIL SURVEY REGIONAL OFFICE (MO) RESPONSIBLE: Temple, Texas

SERIES ESTABLISHED: Custer County, Oklahoma; 1973.

REMARKS:
Cordell soils on the Doxey Formation were updated in 2010 as part of the "MLRA 78C - Cordell Series Update" update project.

Diagnostic horizons and features recognized in this pedon are:
Particle-size control section: 25 to 40 cm (10 to 16_in) (Bw horizons)
Ochric epipedon: 0 to 11 cm (0 to 4 in) (A horizon)
Cambic horizon: 11 to 40 cm (4 to 16 in) (Bw horizons)
Lithic contact: 40 cm (16 in) (R horizon)

ADDITIONAL DATA:
KSSL data: Pedon IDs - S2011OK149018, type location (Washita County, OK) and S2011OK009022 (Beckham County, OK)

TAXONOMIC VERSION: Keys to Soil Taxonomy, Twelfth Edition, 2014.

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National Cooperative Soil Survey
U.S.A.