LOCATION DALESBURG SDEstablished Series
TAXONOMIC CLASS: Coarse-loamy, mixed, superactive, mesic Pachic Haplustolls
TYPICAL PEDON: Dalesburg loam, on a 1 percent slope, in a cultivated field, at elevation of about 361 meters above mean sea level. (Colors are for dry soil unless otherwise stated.)
Ap--0 to 18 centimeters; dark gray (10YR 4/1) loam, black (10YR 2/1) moist; weak fine and medium subangular blocky structure parting to weak fine and medium granular; slightly hard, friable, slightly sticky and slightly plastic; few fine and common very fine roots throughout; few fine and common very fine tubular pores; slightly acid; abrupt smooth boundary.
A--18 to 36 centimeters; dark gray (10YR 4/1) loam, black (10YR 2/1) moist; weak coarse subangular blocky structure parting to weak medium subangular blocky; slightly hard, friable, slightly sticky and slightly plastic; few fine and very fine roots throughout; few fine and common very fine tubular pores; neutral; clear smooth boundary. (Combined thickness of the A horizon is 15 to 50 centimeters.)
Bw--36 to 61 centimeters; very dark grayish brown (10YR 3/2) sandy loam, very dark brown (10YR 2/2) moist; weak coarse subangular blocky structure parting to weak medium subangular blocky; slightly hard, friable, slightly sticky and slightly plastic; few fine and very fine roots throughout; few fine and common very fine tubular pores; neutral; clear smooth boundary. (20 to 50 centimeters thick)
BC--61 to 86 centimeters; dark grayish brown (10YR 4/2) coarse sand, very dark grayish brown (10YR 3/2) moist; weak coarse subangular blocky structure parting to weak fine and medium subangular blocky; soft, very friable; few very fine roots throughout; common very fine vesicular and tubular pores; few fine distinct dark yellowish brown (10YR 4/4) redoximorphic concentrations, moist; slightly alkaline; abrupt wavy boundary. (0 to 25 centimeters thick)
C1--86 to 122 centimeters; brown (10YR 5/3) coarse sand, dark brown (10YR 3/3) moist; single grain; soft, very friable to loose; common very fine interstitial pores; common fine prominent strong brown (7.5YR 4/6) and many fine distinct brown (7.5YR 4/4) redoximorphic concentrations, moist; strongly effervescent; moderately alkaline; gradual wavy boundary.
C2--122 to 157 centimeters; pale brown (10YR 6/3) coarse sand, brown (10YR 4/3) moist; single grain; loose; many very fine interstitial pores; common fine prominent strong brown (7.5YR 4/6) and many fine distinct brown (7.5YR 4/4) redoximorphic concentrations, moist; strongly effervescent; moderately alkaline; abrupt smooth boundary.
C3--157 to 203 centimeters; brown (7.5YR 5/3) gravelly coarse sand, dark brown (7.5YR 3/3) moist; single grain; loose; many very fine interstitial pores; few fine slightly hard iron-manganese concretions; common fine distinct strong brown (7.5YR 4/6) and many fine distinct brown (7.5YR 4/4) redoximorphic concentrations, moist; about 20 percent gravel; strongly effervescent; moderately alkaline.
TYPE LOCATION: Major Land Resource Area (MLRA) 102B-Till Plains, Clay County, South Dakota subset; located about 2,260 feet east and 190 feet south of the northwest corner of section 23, T. 95 N., R. 52 W.; USGS Centerville topographic quadrangle; lat. 43 degrees 2 minutes 23 seconds N. and long. 96 degrees 57 minutes 18 seconds W., NAD 83.
RANGE IN CHARACTERISTICS:
Thickness of the mollic epipedon--50 to 127 centimeters
Depth to carbonates--60 to more than 150 centimeters
Clay content in the particle-size control section (weighted average)--5 to 18 percent
Sand content in the particle-size control section (weighted average)--20 to 70 percent
Ap and A horizon:
Hue--10YR
Value--3 or 4 (2 or 3, moist)
Chroma--1 or 2
Texture--loam, fine sandy loam, sandy loam, or silt loam
Clay content--10 to 25 percent
Sand content--20 to 70 percent
Reaction--slightly acid or neutral
Bw horizon:
Hue--10YR or 2.5Y
Value--3 to 5 (2 to 4, moist)
Chroma--2 to 4
Texture--loam, sandy loam, fine sandy loam, or sandy clay loam
Clay content--5 to 25 percent
Sand content--45 to 70 percent
Reaction--slightly acid to slightly alkaline
Most pedons have few to common faint or distinct redoximorphic features in lower part
BC horizon (when present):
Hue--10YR or 2.5Y
Value--3 to 6 (2 to 4, moist)
Chroma--2 to 5
Texture--coarse sand, loamy coarse sand, or coarse sandy loam
Clay content--2 to 15 percent
Sand content--65 to 95 percent
Rock fragment content--0 to 5 percent
Reaction--neutral to slightly alkaline
Some pedons have a Bk horizon
C horizon:
Hue--7.5YR, 10YR, or 2.5Y
Value--4 to 6 (3 to 5, moist)
Chroma--2 to 6
Texture--coarse sand, loamy coarse sand, coarse sandy loam, loamy sand, loamy fine sand, fine sand, sand, or the gravelly or very gravelly analogues of these textures
Clay content--2 to 10 percent
Sand content--75 to 95 percent
Rock fragment content--0 to 35 percent
Reaction--neutral to moderately alkaline
COMPETING SERIES: These are the
Blendon,
Carthage,
Paoli, and
Vetal series.
Blendon--do not have a frequently saturated zone within a depth of 1.8 meters during the wettest periods of years when precipitation is within one standard deviation of the 30 year mean of annual precipitation
Carthage--have a clay content of more than 10 percent in the lower third of the series control section
Paoli--do not have a frequently saturated zone within a depth of 1.8 meters during the wettest periods of years when precipitation is within one standard deviation of the 30 year mean of annual precipitation
Vetal--do not have a frequently saturated zone within a depth of 1.8 meters during the wettest periods of years when precipitation is within one standard deviation of the 30 year mean of annual precipitation
GEOGRAPHIC SETTING:
Parent material--loamy and sandy alluvium
Landform--nearly level to gently sloping flood plains along major streams and rivers
Slope--0 to 6 percent
Elevation--200 to 530 meters above sea level
Mean annual precipitation--500 to 670 millimeters
Mean air annual temperature--8 to 11 degrees C
Frost-free period--115 to 225 days
GEOGRAPHICALLY ASSOCIATED SOILS: These are the
Baltic,
Dimo,
Lamo, and
Lex soils.
Baltic--are at lower landscape positions and have a clay content that averages more than 35 percent in the particle-size control section
Dimo--are at lower landscape positions and have a clay content that averages 20 to 34 percent in the upper half of the particle-size control section
Lamo--are at lower landscape positions and have carbonates within a depth of 50 centimeters
Lex--are at lower landscape positions and have carbonates within a depth of 25 centimeters
DRAINAGE AND SATURATED HYDRAULIC CONDUCTIVITY:
Drainage class--moderately well drained-- a frequently saturated zone occurs within depths of 0.9 to 1.8 meters during the wettest periods of years when precipitation is within one standard deviation of the 30 year mean of annual precipitation
Saturated hydraulic conductivity--10.00 to 100.00 micrometers per second in the upper half of the series control section and 100.00 to 705.00 micrometers per second in the lower half of the series control section
Flooding--rarely or occasionally flooded for brief duration
USE AND VEGETATION:
Most areas are cultivated. Some areas are irrigated. The principal crops are corn, soybeans, and small grains. The native vegetation includes big bluestem, little bluestem, switchgrass, Indiangrass, and other grasses of the tall grass prairie.
DISTRIBUTION AND EXTENT:
Physiographic Division--Interior Plains
Physiographic Province--Central Lowland
Physiographic section--Western lake section
MLRAs--Till Plains (102B) and Loess Uplands (102C)
LRR M; Flood plains along the Vermillion and Big Sioux Rivers in southeastern South Dakota
Extent--small
MLRA SOIL SURVEY REGIONAL OFFICE (MO) RESPONSIBLE: St. Paul, Minnesota
SERIES ESTABLISHED: Clay County, South Dakota, 1995. The name is from a small settlement in Clay County.
REMARKS:
Particle-size control section--the zone from a depth of 25 to 100 centimeters;
series control section--the zone from the surface to a depth of 150 centimeters.
Diagnostic horizons and features recognized in this pedon include:
mollic epipedon--the zone from the surface of the soil to a depth of 86 centimeters (Ap, A, Bw, and BC horizons);
ustic moisture regime.
Cation-exchange activity class is inferred from lab data from similar soils in the surrounding area.
Taxonomy version--Keys to Soil Taxonomy, tenth edition, 2006.