LOCATION DIMO SDEstablished Series
TAXONOMIC CLASS: Fine-loamy over sandy or sandy-skeletal, mixed, superactive, mesic Pachic Haplustolls
TYPICAL PEDON: Dimo clay loam - on a slightly concave slope of 1 percent in a cultivated field. When described the profile was moist to 9 inches. (Colors are for dry soil unless otherwise stated.)
Ap--0 to 9 inches; dark gray (10YR 4/1) clay loam, black (10YR 2/1) moist; weak coarse and medium subangular blocky structure; hard, friable; moderately acid; abrupt smooth boundary. (A horizon 7 to 12 inches thick)
Bw1--9 to 15 inches; dark gray (10YR 4/1) clay loam, black (10YR 2/1) moist; weak coarse prismatic structure parting to weak medium and coarse subangular blocky; hard, friable; few pebbles; slightly acid; clear wavy boundary.
Bw2--15 to 19 inches; very dark gray (2.5Y 3/1) clay loam, black (2.5Y 2/1) moist; few fine prominent olive brown (2.5Y 5/6) moist redox concentrations; weak medium prismatic structure parting to weak and moderate medium and coarse subangular blocky; hard, friable; few pebbles; neutral; clear wavy boundary.
Bw3--19 to 26 inches; dark grayish brown (2.5Y 4/2) sandy clay loam, very dark grayish brown (2.5Y 3/2) moist; common medium and coarse prominent light olive brown (2.5Y 5/6) moist redox concentrations; moderate coarse prismatic structure parting to moderate coarse subangular blocky; hard, friable; 5 percent pebbles; common fine dark accumulations and concretions (Fe and Mn oxides); neutral; gradual wavy boundary. (Combined thickness of the Bw horizons is 10 to 28 inches.)
2C1--26 to 40 inches; light olive brown (2.5Y 5/3) very gravelly sand, olive brown (2.5Y 4/3) moist; many fine to coarse distinct dark yellowish brown (10YR 4/4) and light olive brown (2.5Y 5/6) redox concentrations; single grain; loose; 45 percent gravel; many medium and coarse dark accumulations and fine dark concretions (Fe and Mn oxides); slight effervescence; slightly alkaline; gradual wavy boundary.
2C2--40 to 60 inches; light olive brown (2.5Y 5/4) gravelly sand, olive brown (2.5Y 4/3) moist; many fine to coarse distinct dark yellowish brown (10YR 4/4) and light olive brown (2.5Y 5/6) redox concentrations; single grain; loose; 30 percent gravel; many medium and coarse dark accumulations and fine and medium dark concretions (Fe and Mn oxides); strong effervescence; moderately alkaline.
TYPE LOCATION: Hutchinson County, South Dakota; about 1.5 miles east and 0.2 miles north of Dimock; 832 feet south and 585 feet east of the northwest corner of sec. 16, T. 100 N., R. 60 W.
RANGE IN CHARACTERISTICS: The loamy sediments overlying the sand and gravel typically are 26 to 32 inches thick but range from 20 to 40 inches thick. Thickness of the mollic epipedon ranges from 20 to 40 inches and extends into the Bw horizons.
The A or Ap horizon has hue of 10YR or 2.5Y; values of 3 or 4, 2 moist; and chroma of 1 or 2. It typically is loam or clay loam, but some pedons are silt loam or silty clay loam. It ranges from moderately acid to neutral.
The Bw horizon has hue of 10YR or 2.5Y or neutral; value of 3 to 5, 2 to 4 moist; and chroma of 0 to 2. It typically is clay loam but includes loam or sandy clay loam, with a clay content of 20 to 34 percent. It has few to many mottles in the lower part. It is slightly acid or neutral. Some pedons have a Bg horizon directly above the 2C horizon. It has colors and textures of the Bw horizon. It ranges from slightly acid to slightly alkaline.
Some pedons have a Bk or 2Bk horizon with hue of 2.5Y or 5Y, value of 5 to 8, 4 to 6 moist, and chroma of 1 to 3. It typically is loam, but some pedons are gravelly loam, gravelly sandy loam, clay loam, sandy loam, loamy fine sand, or loamy sand. It is slightly or moderately alkaline. Some pedons have a BC horizon.
The 2C horizon has hue of 7.5YR, 10YR, or 2.5Y, value of 5 to 7, 4 to 6 moist, and chroma of 2 to 4. It is calcareous sand and gravel (20 to 45 percent by volume) as gravelly sand, gravelly loamy sand, very gravelly sand or very gravelly loamy sand that contains fragments of shale and some fine and ovate-shaped lime segregations that are from 1 inch to over 2 inches in diameter. Some pedons contain thin lenses of loam, clay loam, or silty clay loam that are less than 4 inches thick. It is slightly alkaline or moderately alkaline. Some pedons are underlain by glacial drift below depths of 50 inches.
COMPETING SERIES: This is the Enet series. Enet soils do not have features associated with wetness above the 2C horizon.
GEOGRAPHIC SETTING: Dimo soils are in swales and drainageways on nearly level glacial meltwater plains, stream terraces, and flood plains. Slope gradients are less than 2 percent. The soil formed in loamy alluvium and the underlying glacial meltwater or stream deposits of sand and gravel. The mean annual precipitation ranges from 18 to 26 inches. The mean annual temperature ranges from 45 to 52 degrees F.
GEOGRAPHICALLY ASSOCIATED SOILS: These are the competing Enet soils and the Arlo, Blendon, Delmont, Hand, Henkin, and Tetonka soils. Delmont and Enet soils are on higher flats and ridges. The well drained Delmont soils have sand and gravel at depths of 14 to 20 inches. Arlo soils have a calcic horizon and are at the edges of swales. Blendon, Hand, and Henkin soils are on associated higher uplands and are well drained. Blendon soils are in swales. Tetonka soils are in depressions, are in the fine textured family, and have an E horizon.
DRAINAGE AND PERMEABILITY: Somewhat poorly drained. Surface runoff is slow. Permeability is moderate in the solum and very rapid in the 2C horizons. The water table is at 1.5 to 3 feet. This soil is occasionally flooded for brief periods.
USE AND VEGETATION: Mostly cultivated to corn, oats, soybeans, alfalfa, grain sorghum, and tame grass pasture. Native vegetation includes switchgrass, big bluestem, little bluestem, and needlegrass. Kentucky bluegrass is a major grass in most grassed areas.
DISTRIBUTION AND EXTENT: East-central and southeastern South Dakota. It is of small extent.
MLRA SOIL SURVEY REGIONAL OFFICE (MO) RESPONSIBLE: St. Paul, Minnesota
SERIES ESTABLISHED: Hutchinson County, South Dakota, 1974.
REMARKS: Diagnostic horizons and features recognized in this pedon are: mollic epipedon - the zone from the surface of the soil to a depth of about 26 inches (Ap, Bw1, Bw2, Bw3 horizons).