LOCATION DENNY IL

Established Series
Rev. JBF-TJE-WMT
04/2014

DENNY SERIES

The Denny series consists of very deep, poorly drained soils that formed in loess. Denny soils are on slightly depressional parts of ground moraines. Slope ranges from 0 to 2 percent. Mean annual precipitation is about 965 mm (38 inches), and mean annual temperature is about 10.6 degrees C (51 degrees F).

TAXONOMIC CLASS: Fine, smectitic, mesic Mollic Albaqualfs

TYPICAL PEDON: Denny silt loam, on a concave, 0.5 percent slope in a depression in a cultivated field at an elevation of 220 meters (722 feet) above mean sea level. (Colors are for moist soil unless otherwise stated.)

Ap--0 to 20 cm (0 to 8 inches); very dark gray (10YR 3/1) silt loam, gray (10YR 5/1) dry; weak fine granular structure; very friable; common very fine roots throughout; moderately acid; abrupt smooth boundary. [18 to 23 cm (7 to 9 inches) thick]

Eg1--20 to 36 cm (8 to 14 inches); dark grayish brown (10YR 4/2) silt loam, light brownish gray (10YR 6/2) dry; weak thick platy structure parting to weak thin platy; very friable; few very fine roots throughout; few distinct very dark gray (10YR 3/1) organic coatings in root channels; common faint grayish brown (10YR 5/2) clay depletions on faces of peds; common fine prominent dark yellowish brown (10YR 3/6) masses of oxidized iron throughout; few fine distinct black (N 2.5/) manganese concretions in the matrix; moderately acid; clear smooth boundary.

Eg2--36 to 53 cm (14 to 21 inches); grayish brown (10YR 5/2) silt loam, light gray (10YR 7/2) dry; weak thick platy structure parting to moderate medium platy; friable; few very fine roots throughout; few distinct very dark gray (10YR 3/1) organic coatings in root channels; common fine faint dark brown (10YR 3/3) masses of oxidized iron-manganese throughout; common fine prominent black (N 2.5/) manganese concretions in the matrix; moderately acid; abrupt smooth boundary. [Combined thickness of the Eg horizon is 10 to 38 cm (4 to 15 inches).]

Btg1--53 to 74 cm (21 to 29 inches); grayish brown (10YR 5/2) silty clay loam; moderate fine and medium subangular blocky structure; firm; few very fine roots between peds; common distinct dark grayish brown (10YR 4/2) clay films on faces of peds; few distinct very dark gray (10YR 3/1) organic coatings in root channels; many fine prominent dark yellowish brown (10YR 4/6) and common fine distinct yellowish brown (10YR 5/4) masses of oxidized iron throughout; common fine prominent black (N 2.5/) manganese concretions in the matrix; moderately acid; clear smooth boundary.

Btg2--74 to 97 cm (29 to 38 inches); grayish brown (10YR 5/2) silty clay loam; moderate medium prismatic structure parting to moderate medium subangular blocky; firm; few very fine roots between peds; common distinct dark grayish brown (10YR 4/2) clay films on faces of peds; few distinct very dark gray (10YR 3/1) organic coatings in root channels; many fine prominent dark yellowish brown (10YR 4/6) and common fine prominent yellowish brown (10YR 5/8) masses of oxidized iron throughout; common fine prominent black (N 2.5/) manganese concretions in the matrix; moderately acid; gradual smooth boundary.

Btg3--97 to 117 cm (38 to 46 inches); light brownish gray (2.5Y 6/2) silty clay loam; moderate coarse prismatic structure parting to moderate coarse subangular blocky; firm; few very fine roots between peds; common distinct dark grayish brown (10YR 4/2) clay films on faces of peds; few prominent very dark gray (10YR 3/1) organic coatings in root channels; many fine prominent dark yellowish brown (10YR 4/6) and common fine prominent strong brown (7.5YR 5/6) masses of oxidized iron throughout; common fine prominent black (N 2.5/) manganese concretions in the matrix; moderately acid; gradual wavy boundary. [Combined thickness of the Btg horizon is 51 to 127 cm (20 to 50 inches).]

Cg1--117 to 160 cm (46 to 63 inches); light brownish gray (2.5Y 6/2) silty clay loam; massive; firm; very few very fine roots along planes of weakness in the loess; very few prominent very dark gray (10YR 3/1) organic coatings in root channels; many fine prominent dark yellowish brown (10YR 4/6) and common fine prominent strong brown (7.5YR 5/6) masses of oxidized iron throughout; few medium prominent black (N 2.5/) manganese concretions in the matrix; slightly acid; diffuse wavy boundary.

Cg2--160 to 200 cm (63 to 79 inches); light brownish gray (2.5Y 6/2) silt loam; massive; firm; very few prominent very dark gray (10YR 3/1) organic coatings in root channels; many fine prominent dark yellowish brown (10YR 4/6) and common fine prominent strong brown (7.5YR 5/6) masses of oxidized iron throughout; few medium prominent black (N 2.5/) manganese concretions in the matrix; slightly acid.

TYPE LOCATION: McDonough County, Illinois; about 1/4 mile west of Good Hope; 225 feet north and 1,680 feet east of the southwest corner of sec. 25, T. 7 N., R. 3 W.; USGS Good Hope topographic quadrangle; lat. 40 degrees 33 minutes 31 seconds N. and long. 90 degrees 41 minutes 15 seconds W.; UTM Zone 15T, 0695797 easting and 4492335 northing, NAD 83.

RANGE IN CHARACTERISTICS:
Depth to the base of the argillic horizon: 102 to 165 cm (40 to 65 inches)
Depth to carbonates: greater than 152 cm (60 inches)
Particle-size control section: averages 35 to 40 percent clay and less than 8 percent sand

Ap or A horizon:
Hue: 10YR
Value: 2 or 3 (4 or 5 dry)
Chroma: 1 or 2
Texture: silt loam
Reaction: moderately acid to neutral

Eg horizon:
Hue: 10YR or 2.5Y
Value: 4 to 6
Chroma: 1 or 2
Texture: silt loam
Reaction: moderately acid or slightly acid

Btg horizon:
Hue: 10YR, 2.5Y, or 5Y
Value: 4 to 6
Chroma: 1 or 2
Texture: silty clay loam or silty clay
Clay content: 30 to 45 percent in individual subhorizons
Reaction: moderately acid or slightly acid in the upper part and moderately acid to slightly alkaline in the lower part

Cg horizon:
Hue: 10YR, 2.5Y, or 5Y
Value: 4 to 6
Chroma: 1 or 2
Texture: silt loam or silty clay loam
Clay content: averages 12 to 32 percent
Sand content: averages less than 5 percent
Reaction: slightly acid to slightly alkaline

COMPETING SERIES: These are the Brooklyn, Cisne, Cowden, and Smileyville series. Brooklyn and Cisne soils have more than 5 percent fine sand or coarser in the lower part of the series control section. Cowden soils are in areas with that average more than 12.2 degrees C (54 degrees F) in mean annual air temperature. Smileyville soils average more than 40 percent clay in the particle-size control section.
GEOGRAPHIC SETTING: Denny soils are typically in shallow depressions on loess-covered ground moraines. Less commonly, they occur on nearly level low summits and talfs. Slope ranges from 0 to 2 percent. The Denny soils formed in loess. Mean annual air temperature ranges from 8.9 to 12.2 degrees C (48 to 54 degrees F). Mean annual precipitation ranges from 914 to 1,016 mm (36 to 40 inches). Frost-free period ranges from 160 to 190 days. Elevation ranges from 122 to 253 meters (400 to 830 feet) above mean sea level.

GEOGRAPHICALLY ASSOCIATED SOILS: These are the Atterberry, Edgington, Ipava, Muscatune, Osco, and Sable, soils. Atterberry, Ipava, Muscatune, and Osco soils are on nearby, slightly higher, convex positions and are better drained. Edgington soils are on similar positions, have mollic epipedons, and have less clay in the argillic horizons. Sable soils are Mollisols and do not have an albic horizon. They are on nearby similar landform positions.

DRAINAGE AND SATURATED HYDRAULIC CONDUCTIVITY: Poorly drained. In the undrained condition, these soils have an apparent water table from 0 to 15 cm (0 to 6 inches) below the surface from November through June in normal years and also pond water from 0 to 20 cm (0 to 12 inches) above the surface for long to very long periods from November to June in most years. In the drained condition, these soils have an apparent water table from 0 to 30 cm (0 to 18 inches) below the surface from January through May in normal years and also pond water from 0 to 15 cm (0 to 6 inches) above the surface for brief periods from January through May. The water table and ponding depth may vary based on local precipitation amounts. The potential for surface runoff is negligible. Saturated hydraulic conductivity is moderately low to moderately high (0.42 to 1.41 micrometers per second). Permeability is slow.

USE AND VEGETATION: Most areas are used to grow corn and soybeans. Some undrained areas are used for pasture. Native vegetation is sedges and grasses.

DISTRIBUTION AND EXTENT: Central, western, and northwestern Illinois. The extent is moderate (nearly 14,000 acres correlated) in MLRAs 108B and 115C.

MLRA SOIL SURVEY REGIONAL OFFICE (MO) RESPONSIBLE: Indianapolis, Indiana.

SERIES ESTABLISHED: Warren County, Illinois, 1932.

REMARKS:
Diagnostic horizons and features recognized in this pedon are:
Ochric epipedon: from the surface to a depth of 53 cm (21 inches) (Ap, Eg1, and Eg2 horizons).
Albic horizon: from a depth of 20 to 53 cm (8 to 21 inches) (Eg1 and Eg2 horizons).
Argillic horizon: from a depth of 53 to 117 cm (21 to 46 inches) (Btg1, Btg2, and Btg3 horizons).
The type location was moved from Jersey County to McDonough County, 3/2006. The new location is more central to the overall extent of the Denny series mapped in Illinois.

National Cooperative Soil Survey
U.S.A.