LOCATION DERINDA IL+IA MN WI
Established Series
Rev. GOW-JCD-TWN
01/2015
DERINDA SERIES
The Derinda series consists of moderately deep, moderately well drained soils on bedrock controlled topography of the driftless areas on rounded ridgetops, saddles, or structural benches. These soils formed in a thin layer of loess and in residuum from calcareous shales of Ordovician Age. Slopes range from 2 to 60 percent. Mean annual air temperature is about 8.3 degrees C (47 degrees F). Mean annual precipitation is about 890 millimeters (35 inches).
TAXONOMIC CLASS: Fine, mixed, active, mesic Oxyaquic Hapludalfs
TYPICAL PEDON: Derinda silt loam, on an 8 percent slope at an elevation of about 274 meters above sea level. (Colors are for moist soil unless otherwise stated.)
Ap--0 to 18 centimeters (0 to 7 inches); dark grayish brown (10YR 4/2) silt loam, light brownish gray (10YR 6/2) dry; weak medium granular structure; friable; many roots; few distinct light gray (10YR 7/1 and 10YR 7/2) (dry) silt coatings on faces of peds; few fine faint black (10YR 2/1) accumulations of iron and manganese oxides in the matrix; slightly acid; abrupt smooth boundary. [15 to 23 centimeters (6 to 9 inches) thick]
BE--18 to 31 centimeters (7 to 12 inches); dark yellowish brown (10YR 4/4) silty clay loam; moderate fine and medium subangular blocky structure; firm; common roots; very dark grayish brown (10YR 3/2) and dark grayish brown (10YR 4/2) worm channel fillings; slightly acid; clear smooth boundary. [10 to 20 centimeters (4 to 8 inches) thick]
Bt1--31 to 46 centimeters 12 to 18 inches); brown (10YR 4/3) silty clay loam; moderate very fine and fine subangular blocky structure; firm; common roots; common distinct brown (10YR 4/3) clay films on faces of peds; few fine distinct yellowish brown (10YR 5/6) and strong brown (7.5YR 5/6) masses of iron-manganese oxides in the matrix; few fine distinct black (10YR 2/1) masses of iron-manganese oxides in the matrix; few small chert fragments; slightly acid; clear smooth boundary. [5 to 25 centimeters (2 to 10 inches) thick]
2Bt2--46 to 58 centimeters 18 to 23 inches); variegated grayish brown (10YR 5/2) and yellowish brown (10YR 5/4) silty clay; moderate fine and medium prismatic structure parting to strong fine and medium angular blocky; firm; common roots; many distinct dark gray (10YR 4/1) clay films on faces of peds; common fine distinct yellowish brown (10YR 5/6) and strong brown (7.5YR 5/6) masses of iron-manganese oxides in the matrix; many fine distinct black (10YR 2/1) masses of iron-manganese oxides in the matrix; few small chert fragments; neutral; clear smooth boundary. [13 to 20 centimeters (5 to 8 inches) thick]
2BCt--58 to 64 centimeters (23 to 25 inches); variegated brownish yellow (10YR 6/6), yellow (10YR 7/8) and strong brown (7.5YR 5/6 and 7.5YR 5/8) loam; material appears to be mainly disintegrated soft limestone; weak medium angular blocky structure; very friable; few roots; many distinct dark grayish brown (10YR 4/2) clay films in root channels; many fine prominent black (10YR 2/1) masses of iron-manganese oxides in the matrix; slightly alkaline; clear smooth boundary. [5 to 13 centimeters (2 to 5 inches) thick]
2Cr--64 to 152 centimeters (25 to 60 inches); gray (5Y 6/1), pale olive (5Y 6/3), dark reddish gray (10R 4/1), reddish gray (10R 5/1) and weak red (10R 5/2) clay shale, spots of white (10YR 8/1) lime in the pale olive (5Y 6/3) zones; a few brownish yellow (10YR 6/6) to yellow (10YR 7/8) limestone slabs 5 to 8 centimeters (2 to 3 inches) thick are just below the 2BCt horizon in a discontinuous pattern; weak coarse angular blocky inherited rock structure; extremely firm; few roots in upper part; 5 percent limestone gravel 25 to 75 millimeters in diameter; slightly alkaline.
TYPE LOCATION: Major Land Resource Area (MLRA) 105-Northern Mississippi Valley Loess Hills; Stephenson County, Illinois subset; about 4 miles south of Pearl City; located about 480 feet east and 2,060 feet north of the southwest corner of sec. 32, T. 26 N., R. 6 E.; USGS Boone Branch topographic quadrangle; lat. 42 degrees 12 minutes 13 seconds N. and long. 89 degrees 50 minutes 33 seconds W., NAD 83.
RANGE IN CHARACTERISTICS:
Thickness of loess--38 to 76 centimeters
Depth to residuum from shale--38 to 76 centimeters
Depth to paralithic contact--51 to 102 centimeters
Average content of clay in the particle-size control section:--between 35 to 42 percent.
A or Ap horizon:
Hue--10YR
Value--4, in uncultivated areas thin A horizons have value of 2 or 3
Chroma--2 to 4. In uncultivated areas thin A horizons have chroma of 1 or 2
Texture--silt loam or silty clay loam.
Average clay content--between 22 to 37 percent.
Reaction--moderately acid or slightly acid.
E horizon (where it occurs):
Hue--10YR
Value--4 to 6
Chroma--2 or 3
Texture-- silt loam
Reaction--moderately acid or slightly acid
Bt horizon:
Hue--10YR
Value--4 or 5
Chroma--3 or 4
Texture-- silt clay loam
Clay content--35 to 40 percent
Reaction--moderately acid to neutral.
Redoximorphic features of high chroma in the upper 25 centimeters of the Bt horizon are within the range of the series.
2Bt horizon:
Hue of 10YR
Value--4 or 5
Chroma--2 to 6
Texture--silty clay, clay, or silty clay loam
Clay content--35 to 45 percent
Reaction--slightly acid to slightly alkaline
Other features: It generally contains redoximorphic features
The underlying rock is primarily shale. It contains lenses of limestone or chert in many places. Gray to olive colors are more common in the shale than reddish gray and weak red colors.
COMPETING SERIES: These are the
Aaron,
Alsup,
Brookside,
Ebal,
Goodson,
Miamian,
Morrisville,
Munterville,
Shircliff,
Skrainka,
Useful, and
Vincent series. All of these series do not have a lithic or paralithic contact within a depth of 102 centimeters (40 inches).
GEOGRAPHIC SETTING:
Physiographic Division--Interior Plains
Physiographic Province--Central Lowland
Physiographic sections--Wisconsin driftless section, Dissected till plains, and Till plains
Parent material--38 to 76 centimeters of loess and in residuum weathered from calcareous shales of Ordovician Age
Landform-- bedrock controlled topography on rounded ridgetops, saddles, or on structural benches
Slope--2 to 60 percent and is commonly 5 to 20 percent.
Mean annual air temperature--6 to 11 degrees C
Mean annual precipitation--760 to 1020 millimeters
Frost-free period--140 to 180 days
GEOGRAPHICALLY ASSOCIATED SOILS: Derinda soils are associated on similar or nearby landscape positions with soils formed in thicker loess or having prairie influence or both, and soils underlain by limestone. These are the
Dubuque,
Eleroy,
Keltner,
Massbach,
Ridott,
Schapville, and
Vanmeter soils.
Dubuque--are in similar landscape positions and are underlain with limestone.
Eleroy,
Keltner,
Massbach, and
Ridott--are in similar landscape positions, have a thicker loess mantle, and are deeper to a paralithic or lithic contact.
Schapville--are in similar landscape positions and have a mollic epipedon
Vanmeter--are in similar landscape positions and have a lighter surface color
DRAINAGE AND SATURATED HYDRAULIC CONDUCTIVITY:
Drainage class--moderately well drained; a saturated zone occurs within depths of 76 to 107 centimeters (2.5 to 3.5 feet) during March to June in normal years and is considered perched.
Saturated hydraulic conductivity is low or moderately low (0.01 to 1.41 micrometers per second). Permeability slow or very slow.
The potential for surface runoff is high to very high as related to slope.
USE AND VEGETATION: Most areas are small and land use is similar to adjoining areas. Where the soil is in large areas, it is cultivated or in pasture. The principal crops are hay, corn and small grains. The native vegetation is deciduous forest of oak, hickory, elm, basswood, and some ash.
DISTRIBUTION AND EXTENT:
LRRs--M; in the driftless areas of northwestern Illinois, southeastern Minnesota, northeast Iowa, and southwest Wisconsin
MLRAs--Central Wisconsin and Minnesota Thin Loess and Till (90B), Illinois and Iowa Deep Loess and Drift (108A and 108B), and Northern Mississippi Valley Loess Hills (105)
Central Mississippi valley wooden slopes - northern part (115C)
Extent--moderate
MLRA SOIL SURVEY REGIONAL OFFICE (MO) RESPONSIBLE: ST. PAUL, MINNESOTA
SERIES ESTABLISHED: Jo Daviess County, Illinois, 1941.
REMARKS:
Particle-size control section--the zone from a depth of 30 to 64 centimeters (Bt1, 2Bt2, and 2BCt horizons)
Series control section--the zone from the surface to a depth of 89 centimeters (Ap, BE, Bt1, 2Bt2, 2BCt, and 2Cr horizons).
Diagnostic horizons and features recognized in this pedon include:
Ochric epipedon--the zone from the surface to a depth of 30 centimeters (12 inches), (Ap and BE horizons);
Argillic horizon--the zone from a depth of 30 to 64 centimeters (12 to 25 inches), (Bt1, 2Bt2, and 2BCt horizons);
Paralithic contact--the zone beginning at a depth of 64 centimeters (25 inches) (2Cr horizon).
Udic moisture regime.
Cation-exchange class is inferred from lab data from similar soils in the surrounding area. Taxonomy version--Keys to Soil Taxonomy, Tenth Edition, 2006.
National Cooperative Soil Survey
U.S.A.